电芬顿法处理纺织染料废水的研究

在芬顿试剂法的基础上,为改良芬顿试剂法存在的一些劣势,采用电芬顿法去处理降解废水。同时,电芬顿法与三维电极电芬顿技术联合起来,并且采用异相催化剂技术,对纺织染料废水进行更深层次更完美地去除。     

催化氧化处理酸性染料废水

研究了二氧化氯（ClO2)和芬顿试剂（Fe^2 /H2O2)两种氧化体系对经微电解预处理的染料废水降解的最佳工艺条件。包括pH,时间,剂量,实验发现在氧化剂低剂量且无絮凝剂时,混凝前两种氧化体系对废水的降解率差不多,混凝后或高剂量时芬顿试剂对废水的处理效果更好。     

微波与芬顿氧化联合处理染料废水

以染料化工废水为研究对象,用正交实验的方法,进行了微波单独消解以及微波与芬顿氧化联合处理染料废水的研究,确定了最优的处理条件。微波单独消解染料废水的最优条件是:微波照射功率900 W、照射时间12 min、活性炭用量3 g、pH=4,该条件下CODCr的去除率为37.3%,色度由800倍降到600倍。微波与芬顿氧化联合处理染料废水的最优条件是:微波照射功率900 W、照射时间8 min、芬顿试剂V(H2O2)∶V(污水)=2∶1000、pH=3、活性炭用量为1 g,该条件下CODCr的去除率为49.9%,色度由1 000倍降到0。     

芬顿试剂催化氧化酸性大红GR 染料废水的研究

染料废水COD高、色度高，成分复杂，是一种典型的难降解废水。酸性大红GR染料废水采用芬顿试剂处理，COD去除率可达80—90％。试验研究了它的影响因素，确定了最佳工艺条件：H2O2/Fe^2 为3—6，PH值为3，反应时间半小时。     

芬顿氧化餐饮废水中试剂配方和用量的研究

针对COD值1 261 mg/L的餐饮模拟废水,用芬顿氧化法对其处理.研究了芬顿试剂配比H2O2/ Fe2 ,以及芬顿试剂用量对餐饮模拟废水处理的影响.实验结果表明,芬顿试剂配比H2O2/ Fe2 存在最佳值11:6,芬顿试剂用量的最佳值为2 mL/50 mL水样.     

废旧铝制品/Fe(Ⅱ)体系降解亚甲基蓝有机染料研究

随着工业技术的不断发展,工业染料废水的危害日益凸显,其中亚甲基蓝常用于工业染料的加工,产生的废水污染性强,对人体危害性大。本文基于"以废治废"的理念,采用废旧铝制易拉罐在酸性条件下生成H_2O_2,并进而发生类芬顿反应产生具有较强氧化能力的烃基自由基,对有机染料废水进行氧化处理。同时考查了Fe~(2+)的浓度、pH值、废铝片用量等对反应过程的影响,以探索降解有机染料废水的最佳条件。     

聚四氢呋喃生产废水处理的研究

采用芬顿试剂氧化法对聚四氢呋喃废水处理进行了研究分析试验。研究结果表明:芬顿试剂对废水COD的去除率随着双氧水用量的增加先增大后减小,最佳的双氧水用量为废水量的0.2倍;随着硫酸亚铁用量的增加而增大并趋于稳定,最佳的硫酸亚铁用量为废水量的1.0倍。采用双氧水芬顿工艺对处理聚四氢呋喃高浓度有机废水有较好的去除效果,该试验中COD最大去除率为83.13%。     

芬顿处理工艺在烟草薄片废水中的应用

运用芬顿氧化法对烟草薄片废水生化处理出水进行高级氧化实验,探讨芬顿试剂加药量、反应p H值对废水COD_(Cr)和色度的去除效果,同时探究芬顿试剂加药量与系统产泥率的关系。结果表明,芬顿氧化法对废水色度有着极好的去除率,废水色度能从800倍处理至30以下,在pH=2.8、m(H_2O)∶m(COD)=3.0、n(H_2O_2)∶n(Fe~(2+))=5∶1时芬顿处理过后COD_(Cr)可由280 mg/L降至60 mg/L左右;系统最终产泥率与Fe~(2+)加药量正相关。     

高盐度染色废水回用技术的研究

随着染料工业的发展和印染加工技术的进步,染料结构的稳定性大为提高,给脱色处理增加了难度,为解决此难题,本研究以高盐度染色废水脱色回用为研究目标,采用高级芬顿氧化与臭氧氧化脱色、锰砂过滤除铁的工艺,处理后的水质色度可达回用水标准,水中的盐分含量基本不变,可在添加少量盐分的基础上满足生产回用要求。不仅解决了印染企业高盐度废水难处理的难题,还给高盐度废水回用提供了一套低成本、高效、稳定的解决途径。     

Fenton试剂氧化法去除染料废水的色度

对染料废水进行Fenton试剂氧化处理,探讨反应时间、过氧化氢用量、Fe SO4·7H2O用量、温度及pH值对染料废水色度去除率的影响。结果表明,100 m L色度为1 250度的染料废水,经Fenton试剂氧化处理50 min,色度去除率94.44%,剩余色度为69.5度,达到《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》(GB4287-2012)间接排放标准。     

An overview of the application of Fenton oxidation to industrial wastewaters treatment

This review provides updated information on the application of the Fenton process as an advanced oxidation method for the treatment of industrial wastewaters. This technology has been used in recent decades as a chemical oxidation process addressed to meet a variety of objectives including final polishing, reduction of high percentages of organic load in terms of chemical oxygen demand or total organic carbon and removal of recalcitrant and toxic pollutants thus allowing for further conventional biological treatment. The efficiency and flexibility of this technology has been proven with a wide diversity of effluents from chemical and other related industries or activities, including pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, textile, food, cork processing, and landfilling among others. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

The disinfection of sewage treatment plant effluents using ultraviolet light

The discharge of chlorinated wastewaters may result in acute toxicity to the aquatic ecosystem. This toxicity is due to chlorine residuals and to chlorinated organics formed during chlorination. An alternative method to chlorination for effluent disinfection is ultraviolet light irradiation. Kills of more than 99% have been obtained for coliform, fecal coliform, fecal streptococci and heterotrophic bacteria by irradiating secondary effluents from conventional activated sludge sewage treatment plants with ultraviolet light (254nm). Laboratory scale treatment studies of ultraviolet sterilization as a method of reducing the toxicity of municipal effluents and producing effluents of acceptable bacterial quality is reported.     

Optimal synthesis of Fenton reactor networks for phenol degradation

There is an increasing need to treat effluents contaminated with phenol with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to minimize their impact on the environment as well as on bacteriological populations of other wastewater treatment systems. One of the most promising AOPs is the Fenton process that relies on the Fenton reaction. Nevertheless, there are no systematic studies on Fenton reactor networks. The objective of this paper is to develop a strategy for the optimal synthesis of Fenton reactor networks. The strategy is based on a superstructure optimization approach that is represented as a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model. Network superstructures with multiple Fenton reactors are optimized with the objective of minimizing the sum of capital, operation and depreciation costs of the effluent treatment system. The optimal solutions obtained provide the reactor volumes and network configuration, as well as the quantities of the reactants used in the Fenton process. Examples based on a case study show that multi-reactor networks yield decrease of up to 45% in overall costs for the treatment plant.     

Atrazine Removal in Municipal Secondary Effluents by Fenton and Photo‐Fenton Treatments

Alternative water sources, including effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTP) are necessary to meet increasing water demand. Advanced oxidation processes based on the Fenton reaction were applied to remove atrazine from the secondary effluents of a MWTP that uses activated sludge. Fenton, UV‐A photo‐Fenton, and UV‐C photo‐Fenton treatments were tested. Atrazine removal percentages were around 20 % for Fenton, 60 % for UV‐A photo‐Fenton and 70 % for UV‐C photo‐Fenton treatments, respectively. Organic matter mineralization by Fenton treatment was monitored and no significant reduction was observed. However, organic matter oxidation in terms of COD reduction of around 30 and 40 % were achieved by Fenton and photo‐Fenton processes, respectively. The photo‐Fenton process with UV‐C is a useful technique for atrazine degradation, leading to higher degradation than with UV‐A while also being more attractive in an economic point of view.     

Applications of ozone for industrial wastewater treatment — A review

This paper presents a detailed review of published applications of ozone for treating many types of industrial wastewaters. Applications of ozone technologies to control pollution in full‐scale industrial wastewater treatment plants in the areas of recycling marine aquaria, electroplating wastes, electronic chip manufacture, textiles, and petroleum refineries, are discussed. The rising acceptance of ozone as a replacement bleaching agent for paper pulp to eliminate the discharge of halogenated effluents from pulp bleaching plants also is traced. Newer applications for ozone in treating rubber additive wastewaters, landfill leachates, and detergents in municipal wastewaters are summarized briefly. The combination of ozone oxidation followed by biological treatment has been installed full‐scale at a large German industrial chemical complex. Ozone coupled with ultraviolet radiation and/or hydrogen peroxide (advanced oxidation) is being utilized to destroy organic contaminants in groundwaters at munitions manufacturing plants and at Superfund sites (hazardous wastes). Ozone followed by activated carbon adsorption removes color and organics cost‐effectively from North African phosphoric acid.     

Catalytic wet-air oxidation processes: A review

Environmental catalysis usually refers to end-of-the-pipe treatment processes that reduce the emissions of hazardous pollutants. Abatement of pollutants in aqueous streams by means of heterogeneous catalysts is an example of such process. This paper reviews the developments in the field of catalytic wet-air oxidation (CWAO). Catalysts are reviewed first, followed by mechanistic speculations and kinetics that have been proposed for the CWAO process. The process is discussed more in detail only in those cases where it is already commercialised or at least foreseen to be in the near future. Particular attention was given to the heterogeneously catalyzed wet-air oxidation of real industrial wastewaters (such as Kraft bleach plant effluents) in batch and continuous-flow oxidation reactors. Finally, the considerable potential of the CWAO process to ultimately destroy organic pollutants in industrial effluents and detoxify them by using novel titania-supported Ru catalysts is presented.     

Catalytic processes for the purification of drinking water and industrial effluents

Catalytic liquid-phase hydrogenation of aqueous nitrate solutions is presented as a potential, advanced treatment technology for the removal of excessive quantities of nitrate ions from polluted drinking water streams. Catalysts are briefly reviewed first, followed by mechanistic speculations and kinetics that have been proposed for the liquid-phase nitrate reduction. Subsequently, a novel process scheme consisting of integrated ion-exchange and catalytic denitrification steps is discussed.

This paper reviews also the developments in the field of catalytic wet-air oxidation (CWAO). Particular attention was given to the heterogeneously catalyzed wet-air oxidation of real industrial wastewaters (such as Kraft bleach plant effluents) in batch and continuous-flow oxidation reactors. Finally, considerable potential of the CWAO process to ultimately destroy organic pollutants in industrial effluents and detoxify them by using novel titania-supported Ru catalysts is reported.     

Fenton‐ and Fenton‐Like AOPs for Wastewater Treatment: From Laboratory‐To‐Plant‐Scale Application

Abstract

Fenton‐and Fenton‐like AOPs systems have been utilized for the oxidative degradation of some chlorinated pollutants such as chloral hydrate or 1,1,1‐trichloroethane, and for the treatment of real industrial wastewaters. Both ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄ · 7 H₂O) and Mohr's salt (NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂. 6 H₂O have been used as Fe²⁺ ion sources. With Mohr's salt (MS) the Fenton‐and Fenton‐like reaction has been successfully carried out under acidic (pH 3) and neutral (pH 7) reaction conditions. The new Fenton‐like system utilizes zero‐valent iron (Fe^o) instead of ferrous sulfate has been applied for the 1,1,1‐trichloroethane and chloral hydrate degradation. Similarly, the application of catechol‐ and hydroquinone‐driven Fenton reaction for the degradation of chloral hydrate under acidic and neutral pH is a new Fenton‐like AOPs approach. The photo‐Fenton‐like reactions such as Fe³⁺/hν, Fe²⁺/H₂O₂/hν, and ferrioxalate system have been also studied for the degradation of chloral hydrate. As an irradiation source a daily light or sun light have been used. In comparison with photoreactor experiments the best system was observed to be Fe³⁺/hν. In some experiments the influence of standing time prolongation after Fenton reaction on the final degradation efficiency due to hydrolysis of intermediates such as phosgene (CCl₂?O) has also been studied. The Fenton reaction was successfully utilized for the treatment of real industrial wastewaters, in two cases even in plant‐scale applications.     

Control of the Fenton process for textile wastewater treatment using artificial neural networks

BACKGROUND: The Fenton process is a popular advanced oxidation process (AOP) for treating textile wastewater. However, high consumption of chemical reagents and high production of sludge are typical problems when using this process and in addition, textile wastewater has wide‐ranging characteristics. Therefore, dynamically regulating the Fenton process is critical to reducing operation costs and enhancing process performance. The artificial neural network (ANN) model has been adopted extensively to optimize wastewater treatment. This study presents a novel Fenton process control strategy using ANN models and oxygen reduction potential (ORP) monitoring to treat two synthetic textile wastewaters containing two common dyes. RESULTS: Experimental results indicated that the ANN models can predict precisely the colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies for synthetic textile wastewaters with correlation coefficients (R²) of 0.91–0.99. The proposed control strategy based on these ANN models effectively controls the Fenton process for various effluent colour targets. For treating the RB49 synthetic wastewater to meet the effluent colour targets of 550 and 1500 ADMI units, the required Fe⁺² doses were 13.0–84.3 and 5.5–34.6 mg L^?1 (Fe⁺²/H₂O₂ = 3.0), resulting in average effluent colour values of 520 and 1494 units. On the other hand, an effluent colour target of 550 ADMI units was achieved for RBB synthetic wastewater. The required Fe⁺² doses were 14.6–128.0 mg L^?1; the average effluent colour values were 520 units. CONCLUSION: The Fenton process for textile wastewater treatment was effectively controlled using a control strategy applying the ANN models and ORP monitoring, giving the benefit of chemical cost savings. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Chelate-modified fenton treatment of sulfidic spent caustic

Spent caustic can be treated by several treatment methods. Among the advanced techniques, Fenton reagent has many advantages. But since spent caustic contains excessive amounts of sulfide compounds, utilizing this technique in treatment of such wastewaters is not economical. The acid neutralization step, which was applied as the pretreatment process, showed an 84% COD abatement at temperature equal to 80 °C and a pH equal to 4.0. The acid neutralized wastewater was then introduced to the chelate-modified Fenton system and oxidized. Using a ratio of tartrate/Fe²⁺=1.1, reaction time=50min, temperature=95 °C, Fe²⁺=110mg/l and a ratio of H₂O₂/COD=1.2 in the chelate-modified Fenton system at an optimum pH value equal to 1.9, total COD abatement of the wastewater reached over 99.4%. Having tartrate added to the Fenton system, a series of photochemical reactions enhanced Fe²⁺ and hydroxyl radicals’ generation. This method has proved to be the recommended technique for the contamination abatement of spent caustic.