离子交换法生产碳酸钾的氨氮废水综合治理

为了解决"四效低温直流式连续蒸发结晶回收碳酸钾生产废水氯化铵的回收系统"氯化铵浓缩过程中所产生冷凝水的氨氮污染问题,采用了"氯化铵蒸发洗汽装置"净化"氯化铵回收系统"氯化铵浓缩过程中产生的二次蒸汽,此装置能显著降低冷凝水中的氯化铵浓度;然后利用阳离子交换树脂吸附净化后的冷凝水,经处理后的含氨氮冷凝水能达到配套热电厂的水质标准,氨氮的吸附率达到99.1%,最后用盐酸活化离子交换树脂并回收氯化铵.利用该处理工艺不仅解决了氨氮污染问题,也得到了显著的经济效益,为离子交换法生产碳酸钾的企业治理氨氮污染提供了新的思路.     

脱钾树脂在乙二醇装置中的应用研究

本文主要介绍了"争光"牌CD650在乙二醇装置中的脱钾应用试验情况,从运行出水电导率、pH、UV值等指标看,试验稳定性好,说明争光牌CD650完全可应用在乙二醇装置中代替进口树脂对冷凝水进行脱钾处理,从而能达到冷凝水回收利用和节约水资源的目的.     

低浓度含酚废水回收工艺的研究

对低浓度含酚废水采用大孔吸附树脂回收利用的新工艺。结果表明:对低浓度含酚废水经过回收处理后,能够达到国家排放标准;以大孔树脂为吸附材料,回收含酚废水的最佳吸附条件为:选用大孔树脂HZ-803,吸附速度为5.4 m L/min,解析速度为5.4 m L/min,收率为91.1%,产品含量为98.2%;实现了经济效益与环境效益的统一。     

大孔吸附树脂处理促进剂NS生产废水的工艺研究

研究了H103型大孔吸附树脂对促进剂NS生产废水处理的工艺过程,探讨其吸附-脱附的最佳工艺条件,脱附液再经蒸馏回收叔丁胺。实验结果表明:H103型大孔吸附树脂对促进剂NS生产废水有良好的吸附-脱附效果。经H103型大孔吸附树脂吸附处理后,促进剂NS生产废水中COD去除率达97%以上,达到国家排放标准。对达到泄露点的树脂用甲醇进行脱附,考察了脱附的最佳工艺条件,树脂的脱附率达96%以上,叔丁胺回收率达95%以上。证明该处理工艺可行。     

萃取-吸附法处理辛醇废碱液

辛醇废碱液中含有大量有机物,为此开展了萃取-大孔树脂吸附法处理辛醇废碱液、高效回收有机物的实验研究,实验结果表明:当辛醇废碱液的ρ(COD)为104651mg/L时,以辛醇为萃取剂,在pH=3、辛醇与辛醇废碱液的体积比为0.5、萃取级数为2等条件下,出水ρ(COD)可降至6453mg/L以下,COD去除率达到93.8%以上,萃取剂辛醇可以通过精馏再生循环利用;采用HYA-106大孔吸附树脂对辛醇二级萃取出水进行吸附处理,HYA-106大孔吸附树脂较佳的吸附流速为1BV/h、温度为40℃,此时出水ρ(COD)平均在155~183mg/L之间,COD去除率在97.1%~97.4%之间,单位体积树脂的废水处理量为34BV以上,树脂吸附量在213~215mgCOD/mL树脂之间,吸附-解吸效果稳定;萃取-吸附工艺的COD总去除率达到99.8%以上,最大程度地实现了辛醇废碱液中有机物的回收。     

桑葚果渣花色苷的低共熔溶剂提取与分离

以桑葚果渣为原料,在低共熔溶剂(DESs)中,经DESs提取与大孔树脂分离两步,回收了果渣中花色苷.测试了不同类型DESs与提取方法对花色苷提取率的影响,通过不同型号大孔树脂作为吸附载体对花色苷进行回收以脱除DESs.采用HPLC、HPLC-MS对花色苷进行定量与定性分析.结果表明,DESs中草酸-氯化胆碱〔n(草酸)...     

氯碱行业节能减排技术的应用

介绍了近几年的节能减排技术,包括:二级反渗透浓水回收利用、循环水泵三元流叶轮改造、二次盐水树脂塔再生废水回收利用、固碱蒸发二次蒸汽冷凝水回收利用、膜法除硝系统工艺优化改造。     

维纶企业热力系统节能潜力与技术措施

结合实际,全面介绍了维纶企业热力系统节能技术,重点论述了蒸汽冷凝水闭式回收和疏水器。通过利用TDS疏水器、TDQ冷凝水闭式回收技术,高效闪蒸技术,乏汽回收技术可大幅度降低综合能耗,达到节能降耗20％的目标。     

NKA-Ⅱ树脂吸附苯甲酸的影响因素研究

水体中的苯甲酸污染已成为我国水污染中的一个主要问题,回收废水中的苯甲酸对保护环境具有十分重要的意义。本文以NKA-Ⅱ树脂作为吸附剂,研究NKA-Ⅱ树脂吸附水溶液中苯甲酸的影响因素,详细分析吸附剂质量、吸附温度和吸附时间对瞬时吸附量以及苯甲酸脱除率的影响,为大孔树脂处理含苯甲酸废水提供理论依据和参数指导。     

蒸汽冷凝水含铁原因及处理措施

分析蒸汽冷凝水中含铁的原因,提出增加磁过滤器及加强工艺控制的处理措施,使之达到冷凝水回收利用的要求。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。