建构主义学习理论下工科专业课程设计改革

针对建筑环境与设备工程专业中的课程设计实践教学环节在整个专业实践教学过程中的重要地位和作用;分析、归纳内蒙古科技大学建筑环境与设备工程专业现状和问题．将建构主义理论运用于课程设计培养体系构建的分析当中,为课程设计培养体系的改革提供坚固的理论支撑。提出了进行课程设计教学改革的一系列新思路和新方法,为高等学校工科专业的课程设计改革提供参考和借鉴。     

焊接专业课程设计的教学改革

课程设计是工科类专业十分重要的实践教学环节之一。针对焊接专业课程设计目前存在的一些问题，以焊接结构生产课程设计为例，借鉴其他课程的教学实践，从课程设计的管理和具体实施两大方面提出有效的解决途径。     

加热炉课程设计的改革

课程设计是实践性教学环节之一,教学目的是培养学生理论联系实际能力和创新能力。针对加热炉课程设计的现状及存在的问题,结合课程教学经验,根据应用型本科人才培养目标及学生特点,提出了教学改革的建议:提高学生对课程设计重要性的认识,修改设计题目和内容,调整考核方式和标准,营造良好的教学氛围,加强过程监控力度,等。     

机械设计基础课程实践教学改革

机械设计基础课程设计是机械设计课程教学中的一个重要的实践教学环节,是工科院校机械类、近机械类专业学生第一次真正意义上的工程设计。在机械设计基础课程设计过程中,依据人才培养模式的要求,在教学方式、教学内容、设计成果的表现形式等方面进行了改革和探索。     

加热炉课程设计教学改革

根据热能与动力工程专业课程设置特点,针对加热炉课程设计实践教学环节进行了改革。在深入分析授课过程中暴露出问题的基础上,有针对性地采取了多种改进措施,并制定了详细的实施方案。提高了课程设计的授课效果,增强了学生的理论知识运用能力和工程意识。     

金属塑性加工学精品课程的建设

为了贯彻执行教育部“教学质量与教学改革工程”．通过对金属塑性加工学精品课程的建设工作,与时俱进,完善了课程教学体系;更新教育理念,逐步实现了教学主体的转变;重视实践教学环节,通过实验设计、课程设计、毕业设计等环节加强对学生实践能力的培养,并且积极参与大学生创新实践活动;深化教学改革,教学团队建设初见成效;完成了水平较高的精品课程网站建设,做到了网上教学及资源共享。     

生物工程专业实践性教学的改革与探索

为了生物工程专业人才培养的需要和充分认识实践性教学的重要性,对生物工程专业各主要专业基础和工科课程的实验、课程设计以及各种综合实践教学环节在引导激励、科研创新、内容选择、课程安排和实验室管理等方面进行了必要的改革和探讨.     

车辆工程专业实践教学体系改革

通过分析新形势下汽车产业发展对车辆工程人才实践能力的需求变化,探讨了应用型本科车辆工程专业实践教学体系改革的必要性。结合武汉科技大学车辆工程专业的人才培养目标和专业定位,提出了实践教学体系的设计思想。建立了新的实践教学体系,并重点围绕课程实验、课程设计、毕业设计和实习实训等实践环节讨论了具体的改革实践措施,较好地解决了当前车辆专业实践教学体系中存在的一些问题,具有一定的实践指导意义。     

机械设计教学模式的改革

围绕机械设计的课堂理论教学、课程设计、实验教学等阐述了该课程教学模式的改革思路,提出了一套切实可行的改革方案,包括引入案例式教学、改革传统的课堂教学模式,实施项目驱动式教学、促进课程设计的改革,建立多层次的实验教学体系、开展实验教学改革,等.     

团队式角色定位型毕业实习教学模式探讨

探讨无机非金属材料工程专业新的教学模式。在毕业实习任务中附加一个小的课程设计题目,进入专业教学初期就提前告知学生,让学生参照任务深入发展兴趣。理论学习完成后,选择不同的设计角色,组成小团队,共同完成毕业实习任务。以此激发学生的学习主动性,将理论教学环节与实践更好地串联起来,提高教学效果,增强学生团队意识,培养学生解决实际问题的能力。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.