共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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分析回收物系特性和实际生产任务要求,建立回收乙酸异丙酯的预精馏-萃取精馏-闪蒸工艺流程,采用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件对所建立流程进行过程模拟。以理论板数、回流比、原料进料位置、溶剂比、溶剂进料位置为操纵变量,以乙酸异丙酯和甲醇质量分数、回收率及萃取精馏塔再沸器热负荷为采集变量,采用Design Specs和Sensitivity工具,对预精馏塔、萃取精馏塔和闪蒸设备进行灵敏度分析。在满足生产工艺要求的优化工艺条件下,产品乙酸异丙酯质量分数为99.6%,回收率为99.7%,甲醇质量分数为95.6%,回收率为95.5%,实现了资源再利用,降低了生产成本。 相似文献
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针对福建某工厂现有工艺生产二氧化硅消光剂过程,采用间歇蒸馏方式回收正丁醇存在时间长、效率低等问题,提出使用双塔精馏工艺进行改进以缩短正丁醇回收时间和提高回收效率。对改进后的工艺使用流程模拟软件进行模拟计算,获得了新的工艺条件参数。改进后,冷凝分层温度为85℃,精馏塔一塔釜液中正丁醇质量分数为99.62%,精馏塔二塔釜中正丁醇质量分数为0.31%。在此基础上搭建了实验室规模精馏装置并进行了验证试验,试验结果与模拟计算值接近,相对平均偏差为5.4%,表明模拟计算的结果可信。模拟计算结果为工业装置的优化提供了依据。改进后,正丁醇回收率将大幅提高,生产周期由原来的10 h缩短为5 h,能耗显著降低。采用此工艺生产二氧化硅消光剂可大幅降低过程成本。 相似文献
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《现代化工》2018,(12)
采用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件,探讨了新型水吸收-精馏工艺过程的丙酮和空气混合的VLA(acetone vapor laden air)丙酮体积分数、温度和吸收剂初始温度等对吸收过程能耗及吸收剂用量的影响,对精馏过程单塔和双塔模型进行了经济分析,并采用夹点技术对吸收精馏流程换热网络进行了设计与优化。结果表明,吸收灵敏性分析的数值模拟结果与工业化装置实际运行数据有高度一致性,最大偏差不超过3. 16%,VLA进料冷却温度、吸收剂冷却温度以及VLA中丙酮体积分数对系统能耗的影响较大。在此基础上研究发现精馏过程的单塔模型相比双塔模型更具优势。基于夹点技术研究优化系统换热网络发现较大节能空间,可以节约公用工程冷量68%。 相似文献
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利用Aspen Plus对以DMSO为萃取剂的丙酮-环己烷共沸物系的萃取精馏进行了模拟研究。通过灵敏度分析工具,得到了丙酮-环己烷共沸物系的连续萃取精馏最优工艺条件:萃取精馏塔的理论板数36,质量回流比0.32,原料进料位置25,萃取剂进料位置7,萃取剂用量1 750 kg/h,溶剂回收塔的理论板数8,质量回流比0.21,进料位置5时,在最优工艺条件下,分离得到的环己烷质量分数可到99.5%,丙酮质量分数可到99.53%。同时通过间歇萃取精馏,对DMSO作为萃取剂的丙酮-环己烷萃取精馏进行试验验证,通过试验可以得到质量分数为95.35%的环己烷和质量分数为92.24%的丙酮,且二者回收率均可达65%以上,说明以DMSO为萃取剂,通过萃取精馏可以实现丙酮-环己烷共沸物系的有效分离。 相似文献
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夹紧区是精馏塔内出现的浓度几乎不变的区域,对于三元物系来说,根据夹紧区在塔内出现的位置可分为:上、中和下加紧区.在无穷板数和任一瞬时釜浓下选择不同的回流比可使分批精馏处于不同夹紧区下操作.文中讨论了三元恒回流比分批精馏过程中夹紧区的演变,在Rayleigh方程的基础上建立了应用夹紧区原理确定多元恒回流比分批精馏最小回流比的方法.该方法并不要求相对挥发度为常数,并且能准确计算顶浓,克服了通常所采用的Underwood公式法的缺陷,为多元分批精馏的简捷设计奠定了基础. 相似文献
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Semih Kürüm Elmar Heinzle Konrad Hungerbühler 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1997,70(1):29-44
Systematic procedures for reducing wastes in complex chemical plants are needed to allow efficient optimisation. Here, a hierarchical procedure was applied to the optimisation of a real industrial plant to reduce wastes as well as energy and raw material consumption. In the case studied, the continuous production of methyl-butynol (MBI), acetylene reacts with acetone. The solvent ammonia and acetylene are recycled to the reactor. Unreacted substrates and by-products are separated from the product stream by distillation. Part of the unreacted acetone can be reused for other purposes after distillation. A substantial part of the unreacted substrates and by-products is delivered to a wastewater treatment plant. These waste streams constitute a substantial problem for the operation of this plant. First, waste streams were characterised and tracked back to their origin. Following the hierarchical design procedure, the overall input–output structure was fixed. The entrainer in the present process was critically examined and options were suggested. Then various recycle schemes were considered for later detailed study. The existing plant was simulated using ASPENPLUS. After adjusting the model to all important aspects of the real process scheme, excellent agreement between actual process performance data and simulation was obtained. The various process schemes were simulated and assessed for their economic and ecological performance. The objective functions used included utility, substrate and catalyst costs, as well as costs for wastewater treatment. Additionally, the environmental burden related to energy supply was accounted for by a carbon dioxide tax as suggested by the Nordic countries. The process changes included separation of unreacted acetone from the product stream and recycling to the reactor. By-products were converted back to substrates in an additional reactor separation system and recycled. In various simulated process configurations and operational schemes substantial economic and ecologic improvements were achieved. This study demonstrates the usefulness of hierarchical approaches combined with process simulation for plant optimisation. ©1997 SCI 相似文献
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丙酮是一种广泛应用的有机溶剂,其回收具有重要的经济和环境意义。传统的活性炭吸附-解吸-精馏回收工艺存在工艺耗能高、工艺安全性和稳定性差等缺点,新型的水吸收-精馏回收丙酮工艺近年得到重视。但丙酮水吸收过程吸收用水的水质对吸收效果有较大影响,从而影响到后续精馏工艺的能耗。为此,考察了几种典型分散剂、表面活性剂和铵盐等杂质对丙酮水吸收效果的影响。结果表明,除六偏磷酸钠对吸收有弱增强作用外,所选择的表面活性剂和铵盐都不同程度地降低了吸收效果,因此,在吸收过程保持水质的纯净非常重要。同时,文中结合抑制气泡聚并、界面阻力、盐析等机理对杂质对丙酮-水吸收过程的影响进行了相应分析。上述实验结果对工业试验有很好的指导作用。 相似文献
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高纯度酒精广泛应用于食品、医药和石油化工等行业,国内外制备高纯度酒精的常用方法为酒精五塔精馏,但传统酒精精馏工艺往往伴随高能耗与高成本。为了解决上述问题,本文提出一种精馏-吸附-膜分离耦合新工艺,从乙醇发酵液中高效获得高纯度酒精。借助Aspen Plus流程模拟软件对精馏-吸附-膜分离耦合工艺进行研究,并用灵敏度分析工具对其精馏塔部分进行参数优化。结果表明,当精馏塔的塔板数为37、回流比为9、进料位置为第35块塔板、吸附剂采用天然沸石、膜分离用聚偏氟乙烯渗透汽化膜时,乙醇质量分数达到99.2%,乙醇回收率为65.6%。与传统五塔精馏方法相比不仅能获得高纯度酒精,而且能耗与设备成本相对较低,也充分提高了空间利用率,具有很好的工业前景。 相似文献
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为了分离丙酮-四氢呋喃共沸混合物,研究了萃取精馏在丙酮-四氢呋喃物系中的应用。通过溶剂选择原理初选出乙苯作为萃取精馏分离此共沸物系的溶剂,同时采用NRTL模型对常压下丙酮-四氢呋喃物系和加入溶剂乙苯后的汽液平衡进行模拟和实验验证,模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好。然后进行了间歇萃取精馏分离此共沸物的实验研究来进一步考察所选萃取剂的效果。结果表明:乙苯能够消除丙酮-四氢呋喃共沸物系的共沸点,采用有40块理论板的填料塔,回流比为5,溶剂摩尔比为2.5∶1时塔顶可以得到质量分数为99.34%的丙酮产品,说明采用乙苯作萃取剂分离丙酮-四氢呋喃共沸物是可行的。最后又对连续和间歇萃取精馏分离丙酮-四氢呋喃共沸物的流程进行了模拟,得到的工艺参数将为进一步的工业应用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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There is a constant concentration zone for acetone-water mixtures, and the average relative volatility of the two components in the constant concentration zone is only 1.41, so the energy consumption of the conventional distillation process is high. Two kinds of split mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) heat pump distillation processes, i.e., single-stage and two-stage compression processes, were proposed to separate acetone-water mixtures. The thermodynamic data of the mixture were calculated and modules of Aspen Plus were used to simulate the distillation column and steam compressor. Taking the minimum total annual cost as the objective function, the conventional MVR and the two split MVR heat pump distillation processes were simulated and optimized. Compared with the conventional process, the MVR heat pump distillation process had greater economic advantages, and the split heat pump distillation (SHPD) with two-stage compression was superior to the other MVR heat pump distillation processes. 相似文献
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节能型甲基异丙基酮分离工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
甲基异丙基酮生产中,水与甲基异丙基酮等形成共沸物,文中运用剩余曲线图(RCM)方法对甲基异丙基酮分离过程进行分析研究,根据非均相共沸精馏原理,提出了在丙酮塔中增加油水分离器的方法脱除待分离物系中的水,从而达到节能的目的。文章在Aspen Plus中建立了该节能型甲基异丙基酮分离过程的模拟模型,进行了计算和分析,并加以实验验证,二者比较吻合。结果表明,该分离工艺即节省了设备投资,又降低了分离能耗,并且提高了脱水效率,改善了产品质量,同时还提高了产品收率,所用方法对简化工艺流程起到了积极作用。 相似文献