SiSiC陶瓷衬底上多晶硅薄膜的结构

采用快速热化学气相沉积(RTCVD)法在Si-SiC陶瓷衬底上直接沉积多晶硅薄膜的研究,属国内首次。采用SEM和XRD两种测试方法分析了沉积外延的表面形貌和薄膜晶向,实验发现在RTCVD工艺中生长的多晶硅薄膜结构致密、晶粒较大,为制备低成本的陶瓷衬底多晶硅薄膜太阳电池奠定了基础。     

玻璃衬底多晶硅薄膜太阳电池的制备

多晶硅薄膜太阳电池兼具单晶硅的高转换效率和多晶硅体电池的长寿命的特点,其制备工艺比非晶硅薄膜材料的制备工艺相对简化。文章介绍了多晶硅薄膜太阳电池材料制备工艺和材料性能;阐述了多晶硅薄膜太阳电池Si3N4膜的沉积和玻璃制绒等关键工艺;综述了玻璃衬底多晶硅薄膜太阳电池的发展现状。     

多晶硅薄膜太阳电池衬底选择的研究进展

多晶硅薄膜太阳电池因其转换效率高、寿命长和工艺简化等优点而极具潜力。衬底的选择和制备工艺的研究是目前多晶硅薄膜太阳电池的研究重点。本文对多晶硅薄膜太阳电池衬底选择的研究进展作了介绍。     

颗粒硅带多晶硅薄膜太阳电池的研制

以工业硅粉为原料制备出颗粒硅带（SSP），对颗粒硅带表面形态进行了分析。以SSP为衬底，采用快速热化学气相沉积（RTCVD）法生长多晶硅薄膜，并以此制作出效率为2．93％的颗粒硅带多晶硅薄膜太阳电池，这在国内属首先。并报道了对以SSP为衬底的多晶硅薄膜太阳电池的初步研究结果，同时讨论了该类电源的结构、工艺特点和改进措施。     

模拟非硅衬底上转换效率10%的多晶硅薄膜太阳电池

在重掺杂非活性单晶硅片上生长一定厚度的SiO2，开窗口后作为衬底，利用快速热化学气相沉积（RTCVD）及区熔再结晶（ZMR）方法制备多晶硅薄膜太阳电池。由于采用了区熔再结晶（ZMR）的方法，获得了取向一致的多晶硅薄膜,为薄膜电池的制备打下了良好的基础,转换效率达到10．21％。     

颗粒硅带为衬底的多晶硅薄膜太阳电池制备工艺

主要阐述了以低纯度颗粒硅带(SSP—Silicon Sheet from Powder)为衬底的多晶硅薄膜(poly-CSiTF)太阳电池的制备，给出制得的太阳电池I—V曲线和光谱响应曲线并由此讨论影响电池性能的可能因素，着重分析了颗粒硅带衬底的作用。目前，在没有任何电池工艺优化的条件下，在低纯度硅带上制得多晶硅薄膜电池的转换效率通常在5％～7％范围(电池面积1cm^2)。     

陶瓷衬底上薄膜电池的初步探索

采用快速热化学气相沉积方法在氧化铝和氮化铝陶瓷衬底上制备多晶硅薄膜及太阳电池。多晶硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸在经过区再结晶后增大且霍尔迁移率提高,但随后的薄膜生长发现薄膜出现裂纹,影响了电池的效率,在Al_2O_3衬底上得到196mV开路电压,1．93mA短路电流；在AIN衬底上得到310mV开路电压,5．31mA短路电流。     

影响SSP衬底上多晶硅薄膜太阳电池效率的因素

该文分析了颗粒硅带(SSP;Silicon Sheet from Powder)衬底的杂质、缺陷和晶粒尺寸以及电池的电极设计对多晶硅薄膜太阳电池效率的影响;报道了用快速热化学汽相沉积法(RTCVD)在SSP上制备多晶硅薄膜电池的结果;得到电池的开路电压为506.8mV,短路电流为26.69mA,转换效率为8.25%(AM1.5,24℃,Area=1tm2).     

低纯度颗粒硅带上硅薄膜太阳电池

采用廉价国产硅粉拉制的低纯度颗粒硅带（SSP）作为衬底，利用快速热化学气相沉积（RTCVD）方法外延多晶硅薄膜并制作了转换效率达4．5％的薄膜太阳电池，对衬底和薄膜特性，相关工艺及进一步的研究方向做了探讨。     

Na掺入制备不锈钢衬底CIGS太阳电池

以轻质柔性不锈钢材料为衬底,利用共蒸发法制备较高质量的四元化合物Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜,在沉积CIGS薄膜前沉积一定厚度的NaF预置层,使得所制备的CIGS薄膜含有适量浓度的Na,并获得了10.06%的转换效率.利用X射线衍射仪和X射线荧光光谱仪分别测量了所制备薄膜的晶相和组分,利用扫描电子显微镜分析了不锈钢衬底CIGS太阳电池的断面形貌,最后分析了NaF的掺入对CIGS太阳电池的影响.     

Thin film solar cells on honeycomb-structured substrates for photovoltaic building blocks

Honeycomb-structured solar cell is proposed for photovoltaic building block applications. Honeycomb-like substrates were prepared either by a conventional semiconductor processing or by a low cost wet-chemical method, and amorphous Si thin film solar cells were fabricated on these substrates. We have demonstrated one of the essential requirements for building block application, which is the low sensitivity of the light incidence angles on the power conversion efficiency; and we have identified the critical processing issues through the experimental study using various thin film deposition methods. This honeycomb-structured solar cell is a promising candidate for the future photovoltaic building block applications enabling the inherent high strength-to-weight ratio and higher efficiency at an oblique light incidence.     

Thin film silicon solar cells on glass by substrate thinning

We report on the fabrication of thin film Si solar cells on glass by substrate thinning. We use thin Si films grown on thick Si substrates by either liquid phase epitaxy or chemical vapour deposition. A novel solar cell device fabrication process is then applied to the structure, in which the Si is thinned down to 20–30 μm leaving the grown Si film as the majority of the active material of the structure. We obtain a conversion efficiency of 14.4% for such a thin film Si solar cell on glass.     

非晶硅薄膜电池的历史、现状和发展中的主要问题

对非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池的历史和现状进行了总结,指出了目前非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池存在的主要问题是转换效率低和严重的光致衰减效应,对解决这些问题的一些技术进行了探讨,认为非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池有很大的发展潜力,将与晶体硅和其他新兴太阳能电池三分天下。     

LARGE CRYSTALLINE GRAIN CdTe THIN FILMS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATION

A simple new method suitable to grow large crystalline grain CdTe thin films on glass substrates has been developed. CdTe films which exhibit a grain size larger than 20 µm have been obtained. The films are p-type with a resistivity of about 100 Ωcm. Backwall CdTe/CdS thin film solar cells with an efficiency above 9% have been prepared.     

硅太阳电池稳步走向薄膜化

考察了硅太阳电池在光伏产业中所处的地位,分析了薄膜硅太阳电池的发展趋势。指出硅太阳电池在未来15a仍将保持优势地位,并继续沿着晶硅电池和薄膜硅电池两个方向发展。在此发展过程中,两个发展方向的主流很可能会汇合到一起,共同促使低成本、高效率、高可靠薄膜晶硅电池的诞生和产业化,从而继续保持硅太阳电池的优势地位。     

太阳能电池研究的新进展

简要回顾了第一代晶体硅和第二代薄膜太阳能电池的发展状况,并介绍了基于薄膜技术的第三代高性能太阳能电池的基本原理和发展趋势。     

Enhanced efficiency of thin film GaAs solar cells with plasmonic metal nanoparticles

In the present work, a thin film solar cell structure consisting of thin GaAs layer, metallic nanoparticle array and aluminum back reflector is proposed and studied to calculate optical absorption and current density using finite difference time domain (FDTD) numerical simulation method. Simulation results show that in comparison to other metallic nanoparticles, aluminum nanoparticles have strong plasmonic scattering effect at optimized period of 100nm and radius 40nm to improve the efficiency of thin film GaAs solar cells through enhancement of current density integrated over solar spectrum by 31% compared to bare thin film GaAs solar cells.     

Novel device structure for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells using transparent conducting oxide back and front contacts

Cu(In_1−xGa_x)Se₂ (CIGS)-based thin film solar cells fabricated using transparent conducting oxide (TCO) front and back contacts were investigated. The cell performance of substrate-type CIGS devices using TCO back contacts was almost the same as that of conventional CIGS solar cells with metallic Mo back contacts when the CIGS deposition temperatures were below 500 °C for SnO₂:F and 520 °C for ITO. CIGS thin film solar cells fabricated with ITO back contacts had an efficiency of 15.2% without anti-reflection coatings. However, the cell performance deteriorated at deposition temperatures above 520 °C. This is attributed to the increased resistivity of the TCO’s due to the removal of fluorine from SnO₂ or undesirable formation of a Ga₂O₃ thin layer at the CIGS/ITO interface. The formation of Ga₂O₃ was eliminated by inserting an intermediate layer such as Mo between ITO and CIGS. Furthermore, bifacial CIGS thin film solar cells were demonstrated as being one of the applications of semi-transparent CIGS devices. The cell performance of bifacial devices was improved by controlling the thickness of the CIGS absorber layer. Superstrate-type CIGS thin film solar cells with an efficiency of 12.8% were fabricated using a ZnO:Al front contact. Key techniques include the use of a graded band gap Cu(In,Ga)₃Se₅ phase absorber layer and a ZnO buffer layer along with the inclusion of Na₂S during CIGS deposition.     

Spectral-based analysis of thin film luminescent solar concentrators

We present a method to evaluate the parameters defining the efficiency of luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). The light harvesting and self-absorption properties of thin film LSCs on glass substrates are determined by optical spectroscopy and the resulting optical efficiency is consistent with the directly measured photon flux gain.