蓖麻油酸基聚酯多元醇的合成研究

以可再生资源蓖麻油制备的蓖麻油甲酯、己二酸、乙二醇为原料,钛酸四正丁酯为催化剂,经酯化、缩聚合成蓖麻油酸基聚酯多元醇,考察了反应时间、催化剂、蓖麻油甲酯对聚酯多元醇热稳定性能的影响,采用凝胶色谱(GPC)、红外光谱仪(IR)、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)对蓖麻油酸基聚酯多元醇的相对分子质量、结构、热稳定性进行了系统的表征。实验表明,在醇酸(己二酸∶乙二醇)比为1.15、催化剂质量分数0.04%～0.05%、温度180℃,真空缩聚2h的条件下,制得相对分子质量为2600～3800、分布指数(PDI)为1.89～2.44的不同蓖麻油酸含量的聚酯多元醇,蓖麻油酸基聚酯多元醇的熔点随着蓖麻油酸含量的增加而降低。     

蓖麻油基聚酯多元醇的制备及表征

以可再生资源蓖麻油、苯酐和小分子醇为原料,钛酸正丁酯为催化剂,经酯化、缩聚合成蓖麻油基聚酯多元醇,考察了反应时间对聚酯多元醇酸值的影响以及不同官能度的小分子醇对醇解蓖麻油结构和羟值的影响。采用红外光谱仪（FT—IR）、凝胶色谱（GPC）、热失重仪（TGA）对醇解蓖麻油、蓖麻油基聚酯多元醇的相对分子质量、热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明,随着小分子醇官能度的增加,醇解体系中单酯和二酯含量明显减少,转化率也相应减小;甘油醇解蓖麻油和蓖麻油基聚酯多元醇较普通聚醚多元醇635具有更高的热稳定性。     

蓖麻油聚醚多元醇在聚氨酯软泡中的应用

利用双金属催化剂(DMC)制备了相对分子质量在2000～5600之间的聚氨酯(PU)软泡用蓖麻油聚醚多元醇,并通过发泡实验与常用软泡聚醚多元醇H-330进行了性能比较。结果表明,相对分子质量2000的蓖麻油聚醚多元醇制备的泡沫拉伸强度、伸长率和压陷硬度等均优于H-330聚醚,表明蓖麻油聚醚多元醇完全可以取代普通聚醚多元醇用于普通软泡生产。     

含环己烷侧基的蓖麻油聚醚多元醇的制备及应用

以可再生资源蓖麻油作为起始剂,环氧环己烷和环氧丙烷为聚合单体,开环聚合制备了不同环己烷含量的蓖麻油聚醚多元醇,通过凝胶色谱(GPC)、红外光谱(FT-IR)和热失重分析(TGA)等手段表征了该聚醚多元醇的结构及热稳定性。以不同环己烷含量的蓖麻油聚醚多元醇和4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI-100)作为原料制备了一系列单组分湿固化聚氨酯胶黏剂,并对其湿固化过程及物理机械性能进行了分析。研究结果表明,在蓖麻油聚醚多元醇分子链段中引入环己烷基团,可以提高多元醇热稳定性和胶黏剂剪切强度。     

聚氨酯胶粘剂

<正> 1.引言 1.1 定义聚氨酯是指在分子结构中含有氨基甲酸酯基(简称氨酯基)>N-CO-O-的聚合物。这些聚合物是由异氰酸酯秈羟基化合物(如聚醚、聚酯、蓖麻油或其他多元醇等)通过逐步加成聚合反应而得到的。因此聚合物分子中含有氨酯基、酯基、醚基、酰胺基、脲基等,这些聚合物都叫聚氨酯。以聚氨酯和多异氰酸酯为主体的胶粘剂统称为聚氨酯胶粘剂。     

水量对酚醛聚醚多元醇合成的影响

用自制的双金属氰化物络合物催化剂(DMC)合成了以酚醛树脂为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,并对制得的酚醛聚醚多元醇的结构进行了FT-IR、H-NMR表征,讨论了外加水分对反应诱导期和产品性能如羟值、相对分子质量的影响.结果表明,外加水分占总体系质量分数0.92%以内反应仍能进行,但诱导期变长;聚醚多元醇羟值变化不明显,而相对分子质量降低且相对分子质量分布窄.     

聚氨酯橡胶修补剂的研制

以聚醚多元醇、蓖麻油、TDI、MDI等为主要原料合成了异氰酸酯基(-NCO)封端的预聚物，以MOCA、聚醚多元醇、蓖麻油等为固化剂组成的双组分聚氨酯修补剂。优化后的配方断裂伸长率大于200％，拉伸强度达5.6MPa。对橡胶的粘接强度大于其本体强度。     

一种含有悬挂氟基团聚醚多元醇的制备及表征

采用1,1,2,2-四氢十三氟辛醇和环氧氯丙烷为原料制备了十三氟辛氧基环氧丙烷,并且在双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂的作用下,以小分子聚醚多元醇为起始剂进行开环聚合,合成了一种新型含有悬挂氟基团的聚醚多元醇。通过凝胶色谱、红外光谱、核磁共振光谱和自动热分析仪等手段表征聚醚多元醇的结构及热稳定性。结果表明,氟元素被成功引入聚醚多元醇分子链中,并且氟元素的引入提高了聚醚多元醇的热稳定性。     

E-100扩链的聚氨酯弹性体性能的研究

以不同相对分子质量的聚醚多元醇(PPG)、TDI和3,5-二乙基甲苯二胺(DETDA)为原料,采用溶剂法合成了聚氨酯(PU)弹性体,分别研究了溶剂种类、NCO含量、聚醚多元醇相对分子质量、扩链系数等对PU弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明,二甲苯对PU弹性体性能影响最小;PU弹性体的硬度、定伸模量、拉伸强度和撕裂强度随聚醚多元醇的相对分子质量的升高而下降,冲击弹性、伸长率和永久变形随聚醚多元醇的相对分子质量的升高而上升;当预聚体NCO质量分数为6.30%、扩链系数为0.95时,PU弹性体的综合力学性能最佳。     

半纤维素及其聚醚多元醇的制备与表征

以粘胶废液中提取的半纤维素和甘油为起始剂,与环氧丙烷(PO)进行开环反应,制备了半纤维素基聚醚多元醇。确定了适宜的反应条件,得到的半纤维素基聚醚羟值为244~302mg KOH/g。通过热重分析发现,半纤维素基聚醚热稳定性比原料半纤维素有所提高;对半纤维素基聚醚多元醇用于聚氨酯硬泡的发泡性能评价发现,其可以替代质量分数0~50%的聚醚4110A。     

蓖麻油改性聚醚型水性聚氨酯乳液的性能

以聚醚、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、一缩二乙二醇、蓖麻油为主要原料,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水扩链剂,三乙胺为中和剂制备了稳定的阴离子水性聚氨酯乳液(WPU),研究了NCO/OH摩尔比、DMPA及蓖麻油的加入量对WPU的耐水性、稳定性和力学性能的影响,结果表明:改性后的乳液具有较好的稳定性,适量的蓖麻油可提高胶膜的拉伸强度及耐水性。当聚醚与蓖麻油质量比为7︰3、DMPA为5%、NCO与OH摩尔比为1.3时,WPU综合性能最好。     

蓖麻油改性封端型水性聚氨酯的制备及性能研究

以二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、蓖麻油(CO)、聚醚多元醇和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为主要原料,采用预聚体法制备了一系列CO改性、NaHSO3封端的水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液,探讨了R值、DMPA和CO加入量对WPU乳液和胶膜性能的影响,并采用FT-IR和DSC对其进行了表征.结果表明,CO的加入能使胶膜的热稳定性和拉...     

微波液化木材及聚醚多元醇的制备

以醇解的聚酯(PET)饮料瓶为液化剂,甘油作辅助液化剂,微波辅助加热,用2.5%H2SO4催化液化木材。分别讨论了微波功率、液固比/反应时间和温度对液化率的影响。结果表明,在微波功率500 W,反应时间15 m in,温度150℃,液固比为4的条件下,木材液化率99.16%。以此液化物为起始剂,选用双金属氰化物MMC催化环氧丙烷开环聚合,通过改变环氧丙烷的用量制备了不同聚醚多元醇,并采用傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)、凝胶色谱(GPC)及热示差扫描(DSC)等分析手段对起始剂和不同聚醚多元醇的结构、分子质量分布和耐热性进行了对比表征。研究表明聚醚多元醇的羟值、酸值、黏度随环氧丙烷用量增加减小,分子质量分布随之变窄,热稳定性下降。     

Solvent-blown,rigid urethane foams from low cost castor oil-polyol mixtures

The preparation of solvent-blown rigid urethane foams from low cost castor oil-polyol mixtures was investigated. Solutions of triisopropanolamine, and of mixtures of triisopropanolamine and triethanolamine in castor oil, were used as the polyol component of these foams. Foams were prepared by reacting these polyol mixtures, in the presence of catalyst, surfactant, and trichlorofluoromethane, with prepolymers prepared from toluenediisocyanate and certain polyether polyols or mixtures of these polyether polyols with castor oil. The effect of polyol and prepolymer composition and blowing agent concentration on such foam properties as density and compressive strength was investigated. The properties of the castor oil-based foams were comparable to those of foams obtained from more costly polyols. Presented at the Spring Meeting of the American Oil Chemists' Society, St. Louis, Missouri, May 1–3, 1961. A laboratory of the Western Utilization Researchand Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture.     

Synthesis and properties of novel star-shaped polyesters based on l-lactide and castor oil

The topology of biodegradable polyesters can be adjusted by incorporating multifunctional polyols into the polyester backbone to obtain branched polymers. The aim of this study was to prepare the biodegradable-branched polyester polyols based on l-lactide and castor oil using the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as a catalyst. FTIR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy measurements were used to estimate the molecular structure of the novel materials. The polyester polyol was synthesized by ‘‘core-first” method which involves a polymerization of l-lactide by using a castor oil as multifunctional initiator. Molar masses estimated by gel permeation chromatography and vapor pressure osmometry were in good correlation with calculated values based on hydroxyl number of obtained polymers. DSC measurements confirmed high crystallinity degree of the synthesized material. It was assessed that the molar masses of obtained polymers-influenced glass transition temperature significantly. The thermal stability was investigated by TG analysis, and the results have shown the dependence of weight loss on the arm length of the star-shaped polyesters. The thermal stability of star-shaped polyesters significantly decreased with degradation of polyester polyol obtained in acid solution.     

油溶性单组分聚氨酯灌浆材料的研制

以聚醚多元醇、蓖麻油、多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯(PAPI)和助剂等为原料,制得了单组分油溶性聚氨酯(PU)灌浆材料。研究了PU预聚体的配方、反应条件、蓖麻油及增塑剂的用量对该灌浆材料性能的影响。研究结果表明,当蓖麻油用量为混合醇质量的70%时,该灌浆材料所形成的固结物压缩强度较高(为32.5MPa),适用于加固地表和防水兼备的工程。     

Synthesis of polyether polyols with epoxidized soy bean oil

Epoxidized soy bean oil (ESBO) polyether polyols have been prepared and evaluated as potential bio-renewable replacements for bisphenol A based epoxy coatings. Zinc triflate was found to be more efficient in catalyzing the ESBO hydroxyl reaction than methanesulfonic acid or boron trifluoride etherate. With an excess of n-butanol, ESBO epoxide groups ring open to give the expected polyether polyol, but as the n-butanol concentration is reduced, dimers, trimers, and higher molecular weight analogs of the triglycerides appear. Weight average molecular weight can be increased in a controlled fashion to over 10,000 Da by using trimethylolpropane (TMP) in place of n-butanol. The addition of solvent reduces molecular weight of the polyether polyol, at an equivalent TMP level while still allowing good reaction control. These polyether polyols can be cured with phenolic resins, but solvent and blush resistance, adhesion, and wedge bend flexibility are inferior to a commercial bisphenol A epoxy control.