根据用户数目妥善安排传输的多址接入协议性能的理论分析

该文基于有效竞争接入、高效无冲突轮询传输的思想改进了根据用户数目妥善安排传输的多址接入(UPMA) 协议,根据业务需求对上下带宽资源实行动态分配,使用有效的冲突解决策略保证节点尽快接入信道,采用高效的无冲突轮询传输避免了传输开销。该文还给出了协议的理论分析模型,并通过计算机仿真验证了理论模型的正确性。理论值和仿真结果表明提出的协议可以提供高的通过量、较低的平均消息时延和较小的平均消息丢弃率。最后通过理论计算给出了在给定无竞争服务周期长度的情况下竞争接入周期的最佳长度。     

依据用户妥善安排的多址接入协议在分布式无线网络中的性能研究

本文基于有效竞争预约接入、无冲突轮询传输的思想提出了在多跳分布式无线网络中支持节点移动性和多跳网络结构的依据用户妥善安排的多址接入(UPMA)协议.该协议能够保证发送节点快速接入信道,从而大大提高信道的使用效率.用仿真方法研究了多跳分布式无线网络中采用该协议时的网络性能.结果表明,UPMA协议可以提供较高的通过量、较低的平均分组时延和较小的平均分组丢失率.     

移动分布式无线网络中具有QoS保证的UPMA协议

该文基于有效竞争预约接入、无冲突轮询传输的思想提出了支持节点移动性、多跳网络结构和服务质量(QoS)的依据用户妥善安排的多址接入(UPMA)协议。它大大提高了信道的使用效率,保证了发送节点能快速接入信道,同时,最大程度地保证所有实时业务的时延和带宽要求。最后,我们考察了它对Internet数据业务的支持性能。     

根据用户数目妥善安排传输的多址接入协议

提出了一种新型的多址接入协议根据用户数目妥善安排传输的多址接入协议,它用轮询的方式妥善安排用户的分组传输,并以独特的帧结构和高效的接入竞争算法保证节点能快速地接入信道。对UPMA协议的仿真结果表明它比CSMA/CA协议具有更优越的性能。     

基于多信道预约可冲突避免的多址接入协议

本文为多跳分布多无线网络提出了一套灵活而有效的自适应获取冲突避免（AACA）的多址接入协议。在该协议中，各节点竞争公共信道，利用RTS/CTS对话形式来预约各业务信道，成功预约后的分组传输不会受到其他节点的干扰。它使用任意确定数目信道，以异步方式工作，并且使得各节点利用半双工无线电台就可以灵活、简便地实现资源预约。分析和比较结果说明，所提出的多信道预约协议可以有效地解决隐藏终端、暴露终端以及侵入终端的问题。     

有效提高吞吐量的UPMA+ +协议

本文提出了基于有效竞争接入、高效无冲突传输的多址接入协议—UPMA+ +.该协议采用了有效的冲突分解策略和及时重获信道资源的方法,克服了UPMA(根据用户数目妥善安排传输的多址接入)协议中的开销;通过自适应调整竞争接入周期长度和限制无冲突服务周期长度的方法,很好地解决了激活节点快速接入信道和传输节点尽快传输分组之间的矛盾,从而提高了协议的吞吐量.本文还应用排队论的方法对UPMA+ +协议的性能进行了理论分析,计算结果与仿真结果基本一致.     

基于载波监听的Ad Hoc网络双信道接入协议研究

双信道接入协议在解决隐终端和暴露终端问题上具有独特的优势.基于报文监听的Ad Hoc网络双信道接入协议无法消除数据报文的冲突.本文对基于载波监听的Ad Hoc网络双信道接入协议进行了研究,提出了DCMA载波监听信道接入协议.其中DCMA_CSBI通过载波监听和BI控制报文完全解决了隐终端和暴露终端问题.文章通过仿真对DCMA协议的性能进行了分析和比较.分析结果表明DCMA_CSBI是一种非常高效实用的Ad Hoc网络双信道接入协议,载波监听对Ad Hoc网络信道接入协议而言是至关重要的.     

一种基于子载波侦听的宽带无线网络接入控制策略

在基于正交频分多址技术的宽带网络中,通过把竞争分散到多个子信道能有效改善随机接入的性能.然而多信道特性也会使传统基于Request-To-Send(RTS)控制帧的随机接入协议面临子信道空闲、RTS传输时间延长、上行复杂的问题.针对这些问题,在本文所提出的接入方法中,用户在没有被分配到资源时通过在随机子载波上发送信号来请求传输机会,与此同时,接入点对这些信号侦听,并根据子载波忙闲状态确定哪些用户可以接入.理论分析及仿真结果表明,相比传统依靠RTS的接入方法,采用子载波侦听,系统将获得更高的吞吐量.     

支持话音/数据分组并传的UPMA多址接入协议

本文提出了一种新的、支持数据/话音业务并传的多址接入协议——根据用户数目妥善安排分组传输的多址接入(User-dependent Perfect-scheduling Multiple Access——UPMA)协议,它根据实际需求对上、下行带宽资源实行动态分配.UPMA协议对不同的业务类型赋予不同的优先级,并用轮询方式妥善地安排节点的分组传输;同时,它采用独特的帧结构,使话音业务总是能够得到优先传输.本文还提出了一种高效的竞争接入算法,以保证激活的节点能够快速接入信道.最后,对UPMA协议的性能进行了仿真并与MPRMA协议的性能进行了比较,结果证明UPMA协议有更好的性能.     

基于双忙音的无冲突多址接入协议

在Ad Hoc网络中,隐终端和暴露终端的存在严重影响了网络的通信能力.文中详细讨论了隐终端和暴露终端问题.在此基础上,介绍一种新的可完全避免分组冲突的MAC层协议--双忙音多址接入(DBTMA)协议.该协议采用RTS/CTS对话机制来预约信道,通过引入两个窄带带外忙音信号来避免分组间冲突,彻底解决了隐终端和暴露终端问题,提高了网络的吞吐量.     

一种基于实时优化思想的多址接入协议性能分析

该文提出了一种基于慢退避和实时优化思想的碰撞减少多址接入CRMA (Collision Reduced Multiple Access)协议。CRMA协议将实时优化的思想同慢退避的思想相结合,有效地解决了IEEE 802.11协议二进制指数退避算法成功发送数据帧后没有记录网络当前繁忙程度的缺点,能够更准确地记录数据帧成功发送后高负荷网络的退避阶数,降低数据帧接入信道的碰撞概率,提高无线信道的利用率。新的多址接入协议能够与现有的IEEE 802.11协议完全兼容,具有简单、无开销、完全分布性和自适应性的特点。分析和仿真结果表明,CRMA协议较之改进前的IEEE 802.11协议和其它最新的多址接入算法能够更有效地利用网络中已有的信息,更准确地估计网络当前的竞争状态,表现出更好的网络性能。     

A load awareness medium access control protocol for single‐hop wireless ad hoc networks

A contention‐based wireless ad hoc medium access control (MAC) protocol, such as carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), has excellent efficiency when the system is light loaded. The main drawback of such protocols is their inefficiency and unbounded delay when the system load is heavy. On the other hand, a contention‐free MAC protocol, such as token passing, has a better and fair throughput when the system is heavy loaded. The main drawback of such protocols is their inefficiency when only a small amount of users want to transmit. In this paper, we propose a new load awareness single‐hop wireless ad hoc MAC protocol (which is called the LA protocol) that exploits the benefits of both contention‐based and contention‐free protocols. A contention‐based MAC protocol is used when the system is light loaded and a contention‐free one is used otherwise. Our LA protocol, which operates in a distributed fashion and is fully compatible with the IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) standard, can switch smoothly between the contention‐based protocol and the contention‐free one. Simulation results show that our protocol indeed extracts the better part of two kinds of protocols. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CADMA: collision-avoidance directional medium access for vehicular ad hoc networks

Quick and accurate message transmission is an important research topic for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). Most studies assume that the periodic broadcast of beacon frames between vehicles increases the safety of the driver. In particular, there has been a lot of research into broadcasting based on carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) algorithms for medium access. However, the CSMA/CA algorithm is not an optimum technique for the VANET system, due to the transfer delay that occurs in inducing frequent collisions on transmission signals. In this paper, we propose a collision-avoidance directional medium access (CADMA) protocol and infrastructure-utilized clustering method for VANET to support reliable data transfer. In the proposed scheme, the CADMA protocol uses non-competitive transmission methods and cluster heads (CHs) to manage access by allocating the nodes resources. In addition, the roadside unit (RSU) helps with the clustering process. The simulation results indicate that the CADMA can reduce transmission delays and the collision rate of the broadcasting signal, and have shown that the CADMA can be effectively utilized for the VANET systems.     

Collision Detection and Multitone Tree Search for Multiple-Access Protocols on Radio Channels

The carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA-CD) protocol cannot be applied directly to radio channels because of the difficulty in sensing remote carrier in the presence of local transmission. Only recently, a new protocol called the CSMA with timesplit collision detection (CSMA-TCD) was introduced to overcome this problem on radio channels. This paper presents an extension of the CSMA-TCD protocol, called CSMA-TCD with multitone tree search (CSMA-TCD-MTTS). In CSMA-TCD, a preamble is transmitted before data transmission. For CSMA-TCD-MTTS, the preamble is modulated with one out ofNtones. In case of a collision, a resolution algorithm splits the terminals involved into anN-degree tree according to the tone chosen. This paper presents the throughput and approximate delay analysis of the CSMA-TCD-MTTS protocol.     

Multiwavelength control protocols for WDM networks with restricted data channel collision

A new network architecture which uses several wavelengths as control channels for co‐ordination of packet transmissions on data channels for single‐hop WDMA networks and passive star topology is introduced in this paper. The presented multiwavelength control architecture distributes control information over the total control channels and in conjunction with a suitable network interface, reduces the headers electronic processing bottleneck at each end station. Also, the access schemes decrease the contention on data channels by avoiding part of the data channel collision. Some cases of multiple access protocols for asynchronous and synchronous (re)transmission categories are suggested. The proposed schemes adopt the slotted ALOHA protocol for the access to control and data multichannel systems in which the data packets transmission starts immediately after the control packets transmission. An analytic model is developed and analysed for performance measures evaluation based on Poisson approximations statistics and a finite population. The effect of receiver collision is analysed and estimated by the average rejection probability at destination. Also, numerical results are discussed for various numbers of control and data channels. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.