碱性锌酸盐体系电镀Zn—Ce合金工艺研究

研究碱性锌酸盐体系电镀Zn-Ce合金工艺.对镀液中不同Ce~(3+)含量所获得镀层的耐蚀性作了研究,并以X-射线衍射对Zn-Ce镀层和纯Zn层的结构作了对比分析.     

Effect of electric current on the cast micro-structure of Al-Si alloy

1. IntroductionRecently,much work has been contributed to study theeffect of electromagnetic field on the properties of castaluminum alloy. Results of CUI indicated that the meltingpoint of aluminum alloys was changed. The melting pointof aluminum alloy, such as Al-Cu alloy, decreased inmagnetostatic field, and increased in alternating magneticfield. Results of BAN showed that the solute content ofalloying element increased as electromagnetic fieldapplied during solidification. Electromagn…     

Microstructure variation and growth mechanism of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy solidified under high pressure

The microstructure of hypoeutectic Al-9.21wt.%Si alloy solidified under 5.5 GPa was studied. The results show that the solidification microstructure is refined. The primary a phase is the extended solid solution.The solid solubility of Si in a phase is up to 8.26wt.%. The growth mode of the a phase is cellular, and this cellular growth mechanism is interpreted in terms of the decrease of the diffusivity and the extended solid solution under high pressure. By calculation, it can be known that the the diffusivity of solute in the liquid under normal pressure is as high as two hundred times that under high pressure. The microhardness of the hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy solidified under high pressure is higher than that of solidified under normal pressure. After annealing, Si precipitates from the solid solution, the microhardness of the alloy decrease, but, still higher than that of solidified under normal pressure.     

La在液态Al—Si合金中的扩散研究

本文用阳极溶解计时电位法,对稀土金属La在液态Al-Si合金中的扩散系数进行了测定。结果表明,973K,La浓度18.0×10~(-4)mol·cm~(-3)时,La在Al-5.2wt-％Si合金液中的扩散系数平均值DLa(Al-SI)=(0.91±0.01)×10~(-5)cm~2·S~(-1)。在953-1053K温度范围内,求得La在合金液中的扩散系数与温度间存在下列关系: lgDLa(Al-SI)=-1.78×10~(-3)-4909/T同时求得扩散激活能Q=94.00kJ·mol~(-1)。为了便于分析比较,对Sr在某些条件下的扩散系数也进行了测试。通过La,Sr扩散数据的比较,分析了变质元素的扩散对变质过程中出现的潜伏期,临界冷却速度等问题的影响。     

Modification mechanism of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy with P-Na addition

1　INTRODUCTIONAsastructuralmaterialhavingmanymeritssuchashighfrictionresistance ,highheatresistanceandlowexpansioncoefficient[13] ,hypereutecticAl Sial loyhasbeenattractingattentionofmanyresearchers .However ,forthehypereutecticAl Sialloysproducedwithtraditionalcasting process ,thereareusuallymanycoarseSiparticlesinthematrix ,whichleadtolowtensilestrength ,poorturning propertiesandroughsurfaceaftermechanicalworking[4 ] .Thepre viousresearches[5,6 ] indicatedthat ,forparticulatere inforc…     

Effect of Zr on behavior of compressive creep in as cast ZA27 alloy

1　INTRODUCTIONAmongzinc aluminumcastalloy ,ZA2 7alloyex hibitsattractivephysicalandmechanicalpropertiescombinedwith goodfrictionandwearresistance ,makingitabearingalloyreplacementofsomecopperalloys[1,2 ] ,alsothisalloytendstobeusedwidely .Butsomepropertiesofthisalloywhichmustbetakenintoaccountarecomparativelylowresistancetocreepde formation ,poorstrengthatmoderatelyelevatedtem peratures[35] .Additionofsomemodifyingelements ,suchasZr ,Mn ,Li,canindeedimprovetensilestrengthofthealloyatroo…     

铸造Mg-4Al-2Sn-Y-Nd镁合金的热压缩行为与加工图

利用热压缩实验研究一种新型的具有优异室温塑性的Mg-4Al-2Sn-Y-Nd镁合金的高温流变行为,变形温度为200～400℃,应变速率为1.5×10-3～7.5 s^-1。结果表明：合金的应变速率敏感因子（m）在不同变形温度下均明显小于AZ31镁合金的m值,因此该合金适合在高应变速率下进行热加工。在真应力-应变曲线基础上,建立Mg-4Al-2Sn-Y-Nd 镁合金高温变形的本构方程,并计算得到合金的应力指数为10.33,表明合金在高温下主要的变形机制为位错攀移机制。同时,利用加工图技术确定合金的最佳高温变形加工窗口,即变形温度在350～400℃之间,应变速率在0.01～0.03 s^-1。     

Sr变质对Al-Si合金组织的影响

利用扫描电镜、透射电镜等分析手段,研究了Al-10Sr变质剂对Al-Si合金中共晶Si形貌及尺寸的影响。实验结果表明,Sr变质工艺不仅对共晶Si的组织产生很大的影响,并且影响Si的生长特征。随Sr加入量的增加,共晶硅的形貌由片状变为针片状加纤维状,最后为细小纤维状,而且纤维状共晶硅越来越细小;随加入温度的提高,共晶Si组织逐渐均匀和细化。最佳的Sr变质工艺为:加入量0.03%~0.05%、加入温度740~750℃、变质后保温时间40min。加Sr变质后共晶硅连续生长,成束分布,分枝较多。通常含有高密度孪晶,且常有两个或两个以上孪晶系同时启动,孪晶化晶体分布不均匀。     

过共晶铝-硅合金处理技术的研究进展

综述了为改善过共晶铝-硅合金的性能,目前所采用的控制合金中初晶硅尺寸、形态和分布的各种处理方法及其机制,它们包括细化变质、合金熔体过热处理、半固态搅拌、快速凝固、电磁场作用、电脉冲孕育处理等方法。从合金中初晶硅尺寸、形态和分布等方面比较了各种处理方法的优缺点。     

Broad-beam laser cladding of Al-Si alloy coating on AZ91HP magnesium alloy

In the present study, an attempt was made to improve the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of AZ91HP magnesium alloy by laser cladding Al-Si eutectic alloy. The results showed that the clad layer mainly consisted of Mg₂Si, Mg₁₇Al₁₂ and Mg₂Al₃ phases. The microstructure of the bonding zone changed from columnar grains to equiaxial grains along the direction of heat-flow. The heat-affected zone consisted of α-Mg and α-Mg + β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ eutectic. The formation of multiple Mg intermetallic compounds allowed the clad layer to exhibit higher hardness, better wear resistance and corrosion resistance.     

过共晶Al-Si合金熔体中初生硅生长特性

利用等温液淬的方法,研究了Al-18%Si过共晶合金熔体中初生硅的生长行为及机制.结果表明:重熔过程中熔体中未溶解的硅相粒子,在凝固过程中可成为初生硅生长核心,并且未熔颗粒与初生硅形状之间存在明显对应关系; 初生硅的生长机制不是惟一的,既可以以孪晶凹角(TPRE)机制生长,还可以以层状机制生长,初生硅最终形状还要取决于溶质传输等动力学环境; 随着熔体过热温度的升高,凝固组织中初生硅形状由多边形向星形及树枝状转变.     

Effects of high magnetic field on modification of Al-Si alloy

1INTRODUCTIONAmong Al-Si alloys,the Al-Si eutectic alloyhas the best foundry capability.The mechanicalproperties of Al-Si eutectic and hypoeutectic alloyhighly relates to the shape,size and distribution ofSi phase in eutectic structure.Coarse acicular-likeeutectic Si dissevers Al matrix badly to inducestress concentration and debase the mechanicalproperties,especially the tenacity.Modification isthe process to change the shape and size of eutecticSi,namely to change the shape of eutec…     

镁合金表面激光熔覆Al-Si合金涂层的组织和耐磨性

以Al-Si共晶合金粉末为熔覆材料,在AZ91D镁合金表面进行了激光熔覆试验,利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对激光熔覆层的组织、成分和相组成进行了分析,测试了激光熔覆层的显微硬度和磨损性能。结果表明,激光熔覆层由α-Mg过饱和固溶体和Mg17Al12、Mg2Si、Al3Mg2金属间化合物等相组成,且与基材之间形成了良好的冶金结合。由于激光熔覆层中存在金属间化合物析出相强化、细晶强化和固溶强化等多种强化作用,熔覆层的硬度比AZ91D合金提高了3#4倍,磨损量比AZ91D合金降低了72%。     

Role of Al2O3 fiber in eutectic Al-Si alloy composites

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＭｅｔａｌｍａｔｒｉｘｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅｓ (ＭＭＣｓ)ｈａｖｅｍａｎｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎａｉｒｃｒａｆｔａｎｄａｕｔｏｍｏｂｉｌｅｉｎ ｄｕｓｔｒｙ ,ｆｏｒｔｈｅｙｈａｖｅｍａｎｙａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｓｓ     

Effects of ZnS modification on primary Si in hypereutectic Al-Si alloy

A new modifying agent, ZnS, was used as a refiner to modify primary silicon in hypereutectic AlSi alloy. The factors affecting the modification results, including addition level of ZnS and holding time, were investigated. The results showed that the average size of the most effectively modified primary silicon was 28.5 μm when the ZnS mixed powder addition was 0.15 wt.% with a holding time of 10 min. More important, the average size of primary silicon could remain below 40 μm despite the holding time extending to 120 min, which means ZnS is a promising modifying agent of primarySi in industrial applications.     

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 在各种浸锌溶液优选的基础上，通过添加缓蚀剂、细化剂、活化剂、促进剂、电位调节剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂及无氰化物的组合络合剂等研制出了一种全新的化学浸锌工艺。该工艺配方合理，工艺维护简便，控制容易，化学浸锌层与铝硅合金基体结合力强，覆盖率高，与其它镀层结合性好，是一种替代有氰化学浸锌的新工艺。     

Preparation of primary Al-Si alloy from bauxite tailings by carbothermal reduction process

Effects of various reaction parameters such as atmospheric pressure, treating temperature, sintering time and bituminite content on the preparation of primary Al-Si alloy by carbothermal reduction of bauxite tailings were investigated by XRD,XRF, infrared absorption carbon-sulfur analysis unit and SEM coupled with EDS. Meanwhile, the mechanism of carbothermal reduction of Al2O3 and SiO2 was discussed. It is found that pressure and temperature are major factors that influence the carbothermal reduction of bauxite tailings. The appropriate conditions for preparation of primary Al-Si alloy are as follows: atmospheric pressure of 0.1 MPa, heating temperature of 1 900 ℃,bituminite content of 95% (mass fraction) of theoretic bituminite content and sintering time of 1 h. Among four mechanisms of carbothermal reduction of Al2O3 and SiO2, the theory of the formation and decomposition of carbides might be the best one to interpret the reaction process.     

铸态亚共晶Al-Si合金中初生硅的生长机制(英文)

利用光学显微镜和电子背散射衍射技术观察亚共晶Al-10%Si合金的微观结构特征。结果表明,在亚共晶合金内很容易发现初生硅颗粒。研究亚共晶Al-10%Si合金溶液中初生硅析出过程中的晶核形成和生长机制,发现硅原子容易偏析并形成Si-Si簇,即使在共晶和亚共晶合金内,这一现象也会导致初生硅的形成。另外,由化学驱动力和较大的堆积碰撞或溶质的凝固偏析等原因引起的溶质再分配在初生硅的形成过程中也起着重要的作用,其中溶质再分配方程由Jackson-Chalmers方程推导而出。一旦硅溶质浓度超过共晶成分,在固/液界面的前端就会析出初生硅。     

亚共晶Al-Si合金共晶团的形核与生长

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及电子背散射衍射技术研究亚共晶Al-Si合金共晶团的形核与生长。通过揭示共晶团和结晶位向的分析发现：在同一个共晶团中Si相和Al相都不是单晶体,而是由不同位向的小＂晶粒＂构成的。提出不能依据共晶团中Al相与周围初生枝晶Al相的位向关系来确定共晶的形核模式的建议。然而,初生枝晶铝相的演化显著影响随后的共晶形核与生长。涉及的杂质元素使共晶Si的形貌由粗大的片状转变成细小的纤维状的变质行为,可能与共晶的形核无关。     

Fabrication of ceramic layer on an Al-Si alloy by MAO process

The MAO (Micro-Arc Oxidation) process is applied to a eutectic Al-Si alloy (Al-12.0%Si-1.0%Cu-0.9%Mg (mass fraction)). The oxide ceramic layer was fabricated with about 220 (J.m thickness and 3000 Hv micro-hardness. By XRD (X-ray diffractometry) and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) analyses, the oxide layer consists of amorphous A12O3, which is distinct from the results reported by the other researchers. The SEM photographs of such layer show that the layer is fixed tightly on the substrate alloy. So this alloy can be used in the high temperature and friction environment after it is treated with such process.