共溅射法制备AZO薄膜及其光电性能的研究

目的研究Al靶直流溅射功率对Al掺杂ZnO(AZO)薄膜光电性能的影响。方法以金属Al和ZnO陶瓷作为靶材,采用直流与射频双靶磁控共溅射的方法,在玻璃基片上制备AZO薄膜。通过改变Al靶直流溅射功率,获得不同的薄膜。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、光电子能谱仪(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、四探针测试仪,对薄膜的微观形貌结构及光电性能进行表征和分析。结果所制备的AZO薄膜均具有C轴取向生长的六角纤锌矿结构,在可见光区域平均透过率超过90%,AZO薄膜的吸收边相比于ZnO薄膜出现了蓝移。当Al靶溅射功率为18 W时,AZO薄膜的最低电阻率为2.49×10~(-3)?·cm,品质因子为370.2 S/cm。结论 Al直流溅射功率对AZO薄膜光电性能的影响较大,溅射功率为18 W时,制备的AZO薄膜性能最优。     

溅射功率对射频磁控溅射Al掺杂ZnO（ZAO）薄膜性能的影响

用射频磁控溅射技术,在纯氩气氛中不同溅射功率（120 W~210 W）下于玻璃衬底上制备了Al掺杂ZnO（ZAO）薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、光谱仪和四探针测试仪等对所制备的薄膜进行了晶体结构、光学和电学性能分析。结果表明,纯氩气氛中不同溅射功率下玻璃衬底上原位沉积的ZAO薄膜具有明显的c轴择优取向性,它没有改变ZnO的六角纤锌矿结构;ZAO薄膜的可见光区平均透光率不强烈依赖于溅射功率,为75%左右;原位沉积ZAO薄膜的电阻率达到102Ω.cm数量级范围,随溅射功率由120 W增大到210 W时,薄膜电阻率从132.67Ω.cm降低到21.08Ω.cm。     

Zn靶与掺铝ZnO靶共溅射制备ZnO:Al薄膜及其性能

采用Zn靶和ZnO(掺2%Al2O3(质量分数))陶瓷靶在玻璃衬底上共溅射沉积Al掺杂ZnO薄膜,即ZnO:Al透明导电薄膜,研究Zn靶溅射功率(0～90 W)和衬底温度(室温、100℃和200℃)对薄膜结构、形貌、光学和电学性能的影响。结果表明:按双靶共溅射工艺制备的ZnO:Al薄膜的晶体结构均为六角纤锌矿结构,且随着Zn靶溅射功率的增加,薄膜的结晶质量呈现出先改善后变差的规律,薄膜中的载流子浓度逐渐升高,电阻率逐渐降低,而薄膜的光学性能受其影响不大;随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜的结晶性能得到改善,薄膜的可见光透过率增强,电阻率降低。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备的ZnO:Al薄膜的微观结构及光学、电学性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了ZnO:Al(AZO)透明导电薄膜．通过X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见分光光度计 (UV-Vis)、扫描电镜(SEM)和电阻测量装置,考察了Al掺杂量、退火温度及镀膜层数等工艺参数对薄膜的微观结构和光电性能的影响．结果表明,退火温度越高,多晶AZO薄膜的(001)晶面择优取向生长的趋势越强,并且随退火温度升高,薄膜的晶粒尺寸增大,透光率增加．薄膜晶体结构为纯ZnO的六角纤锌矿结构．在掺杂浓度1％(摩尔分数)、退火温度500℃及镀膜层数10的条件下,得到了电阻率为3．2×10-3Ω·cm、可见光区的平均透射率超过90％的AZO薄膜．     

直流磁控溅射法在PET基板上制备AZO薄膜

室温下用直流磁控溅射法在PET塑料基板上制备氧化锌薄膜及掺铝氧化锌AZO(ZnO∶Al)薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、四点探针仪、霍尔效应仪及光谱仪等装置,考察了氧分率、溅射功率及铝掺杂量等工艺参数对薄膜微观结构和光电性能的影响.结果表明:AZO薄膜晶体结构为纯ZnO的六角纤锌矿结构.随着Al掺杂量增多,AZO薄膜导电性增加,透光率下降.在氧分率为8.2％,ZnO(40 nm)/Al(6 nm)三层膜条件下,得到电阻率为5.66×10-2Ω·cm,可见光范围内透光率约为80％的AZO薄膜.     

溅射条件对ZnO:Al薄膜生长和性能的影响（英文）

采用中频磁控溅射法在玻璃基体上制备Al掺杂ZnO薄膜(AZO),分别利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、分光光度计及霍尔测试系统研究不同沉积条件如样品台转速和靶-基距离对薄膜光学、电学、微观形貌及晶体结构的影响。XRD结果表明,所有AZO薄膜都呈c轴择优取向,薄膜的结晶度随着样品台转速的增大而降低,且晶粒呈非平衡状态生长。而在不同的靶-基距离时,薄膜具有相似的微观结构和表面形貌。当样品台转速为0、靶-基距离为7 cm时,AZO薄膜的光电性能最好,载流子浓度和霍尔迁移率分别为5.9×1020 cm-3和13.1 cm2/(V·s)。研究结果表明,样品台转速是影响AZO膜的结构和性能的主要因素。     

氩气流量对掺铝氧化锌薄膜光电性能的影响

采用双靶射频磁控溅射沉积掺铝氧化锌(AZO)薄膜作为铜锌锡硫(CZTS)太阳能电池的低阻窗口层。研究了在溅射功率60 W、溅射时间30 min的工艺条件下,氩气(Ar)流量对AZO薄膜的结晶性、表面形貌、光透过率、电阻率、载流子浓度等光电性能的影响。结果表明,最优Ar气流量为22 cm~3/min,该流量下AZO晶粒大,结晶性能好,AZO薄膜的载流子浓度高,电阻率小,薄膜在400~1100 nm波长下的光透过率为87.2%。     

低温磁控溅射制备AZO薄膜及绒面研究

采用直流射频耦合磁控溅射技术,以氧化锌掺铝(AZO,2%Al_2O_3,质量分数)陶瓷靶为靶材,在玻璃基片上低温沉积AZO薄膜,并采用质量分数为0.5%的HCl溶液刻蚀制备绒面AZO薄膜,通过XRD、SEM、分光光度计、霍尔效应测试系统、光电雾度仪等设备重点研究工作压强对直流射频耦合磁控溅射制备AZO薄膜的晶相结构、表面形貌、光电性能以及后期制绒的影响。研究表明,直流射频耦合磁控溅射可以在低温下制备性能优异的AZO薄膜,且随着工作压强的减小,致密性增强,光电性能改善,后期刻蚀得到具有良好陷光作用的绒面结构。在工作压强0.5 Pa下,低温制备的AZO薄膜电阻率达到3.55×10~(-4)Ω·cm,薄膜可见光透过达到88.36%,刻蚀后电阻率为4.19×10~(-4)Ω·cm,可见光透过率89.59%,雾度达24.7%。     

氩气压力对中频磁控溅射制备AZO薄膜性能的影响

在普通玻璃衬底上利用掺杂2%(质量)Al2O3的ZnO陶瓷靶材在中频磁控溅射设备中制备了掺铝氧化锌(ZnO∶Al,AZO)薄膜.利用XRD、XPS、紫外可见分光光度计和Hall测试系统研究了Ar气压力(0.73～2.0 Pa)对AZO透明导电薄膜结构、光学和电学性能的影响.随着Ar气压力的增大,电阻率呈先减小后增大的趋...     

Mo电极上磁控反应溅射AlN薄膜

采用射频反应磁控溅射法在Mo电极上沉积了AlN薄膜.研究了溅射气压、靶基距、溅射功率、衬底温度及N_2含量等不同工艺条件对AlN薄膜择优取向生长的影响.用XRD分析了薄膜的择优取向,用原子力显微镜、高分辨场发射扫描电镜表征了薄膜的形貌.实验结果表明,靶基距和溅射气压的减小,衬底温度及溅射功率的升高有利于AlN(002)晶面的择优取向生长.氮氩比对AlN薄膜择优取向生长影响较小,N_2≥50%(体积分数)时均可制得高c轴择优取向的AlN薄膜.经优化工艺参数制备的AlN柱状晶薄膜适用于体声波谐振滤波器的制备.     

Effect of annealing treatment on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of Al-doped ZnO thin films

Highly conductive and transparent Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were prepared from a zinc target containing Al (1.5 wt.%) by direct current (DC) and radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron sputtering. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of AZO films as-deposited and submitted to annealing treatment (at 300 and 400 ℃, respectively) were characterized using various techniques. The experimental results show that the properties of AZO thin films can be further improved by annealing treatment. The crystallinity of ZnO films improves after annealing treatment. The transmittances of the AZO thin films prepared by DC and RF reactive magnetron sputtering are up to 80% and 85% in the visible region, respectively. The electrical resistivity of AZO thin films prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering can be as low as tering have better structural and optical properties than that prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering.     

A comparison of transmittance properties between ZnO∶Al films for transparent conductors for solar cells deposited by sputtering of AZO and cosputtering of AZO/ZnO

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin films were deposited on sapphire (002) andglass substrates by two different sputtering techniques radio frequency magnetron cosputtering of AZO and ZnO targets and sputtering of an AZO target. The dependence of the photoluminescence (PL) and transmittance properties of the AZO films deposited by cosputtering and sputtering on the AZO/ZnO target power ratio, R and the O2/Ar flow ratio, r were investigated, respectively. Only a deep level emission peak appears in the PL spectra of cosputtered AZO films whereas both UV emission and deep level emission peaks are observed in the PL spectra of sputtered AZO films. The absorption edges in the transmittance spectra of the AZO films shift to the lower wavelength region as R and r increase. Effects ofcrystallinity, surface roughness, PL on the transmittance of the AZO films werealso explained using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and PL analysis results.     

Properties of multilayer gallium and aluminum doped ZnO(GZO/AZO) transparent thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition process

Multilayer gallium and aluminum doped ZnO (GZO/AZO) films were fabricated by alternative deposition of Ga-doped zinc oxide(GZO) and Al-doped zinc oxide(AZO) thin film by using pulsed laser deposition(PLD) process. The electrical and optical properties of these GZO/AZO thin films were investigated and compared with those of GZO and AZO thin films. The GZO/AZO (1:1) thin film deposited at 400 °C shows the electrical resistivity of 4.18×10^?4 ωcm, an electron concentration of 7.5×10²⁰/cm³, and carrier mobility of 25.4 cm²/(V·s). The optical transmittances of GZO/AZO thin films are over 85%. The optical band gap energy of GZO/AZO thin films linearly decreases with increasing the Al ratio.     

Fracture Toughness and Adhesion of Transparent Al:ZnO Films Deposited on Glass Substrates

Al-doped zinc oxide films (AZO) of different thicknesses were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering on glass substrates. Fracture toughness and adhesion of transparent AZO films were measured by indentation in air and water. Fracture toughness of glass is about 0.63 MPa·m^1/2. Under the same normal load, radial crack length shortened with the increase of AZO film thickness. When indented under deionized water, cracks in both glass and AZO films got longer, signifying corresponding decrease in the fracture toughness.     

Characteristics of atomic layer deposited transparent aluminum-doped zinc oxide thin films at low temperature

Various aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO) films were prepared on Si substrate by atomic layer deposition(ALD) at 100℃. The effect of the composition of AZO films on their electrical, optical characteristics,structural property and surface topography was investigated. The appearance of electrical resistivity shows their semiconducting properties. In most of the visible light band, all the AZO films present transparency of more than 80%. Al doping suppresses the AZO film crystallization.When the Al doping concentration increases up to 3.95 at%, the AZO film has some small multicrystal grains with random orientation. Al doping improves the roughness of i-ZnO film. The root mean square(RMS) roughness of samples prepared by ALD is much smaller than that prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering reported.     

Effect of Annealing on the Morphology,Structure and Photoelectric Properties of AZO/Pt/FTO Trilayer Films

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide/platinum/fluorine-doped tin oxide(AZO/Pt/FTO) trilayer films were prepared by sputtering 5-nm-thick Pt layers and 150-nm-thick AZO layers in sequence on commercial FTO glass.The effects of onestep annealing and layer-by-layer annealing on the morphology,structure and photoelectric properties of the AZO/Pt/FTO trilayer films were comparatively analyzed.It is found that the both annealing approaches increased the grain size and improved the crystallinity of the films,leading to enhancement in transmittance and conductivity.However,layer-by-layer annealing led to the formation of quasi-continuous or continuous AZO layers,different from the sparsely distributed AZO particles brought about by one-step annealing,resulting in excellent optical and electrical properties.Specifically,after layer-by-layer annealing at 400 ℃ for both Pt and AZO layers,the AZO/Pt/FTO trilayer film showed an increase in average transmittance from 71.3% to 85.3% and a decrease in sheet resistance from 7.5 to 5.6 Ω/□,leading to the highest figure of merit of 3.64 × 10~(-2) Ω~(-1).     

Room temperature deposition of Al-doped ZnO thin films on glass by RF magnetron sputtering under different Ar gas pressure

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were deposited on glass substrates at room temperature by RF magnetron sputtering. The effects of Ar gas pressure on the structural, optical, and electrical properties were investigated. As the Ar gas pressure increased, the resistivities of the AZO thin films increased, the mobilities decreased, and the carrier concentrations were constant. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that higher Ar gas pressures promoted O-Zn bond formation and reduced the number of oxygen vacancies. The reduction in mobility, which increased the resistivity, was attributed to increased lattice scattering by the oxygen atoms. In AZO thin films deposited at room temperature, the conduction characteristics are primarily influenced by the mobility.     

Effect of Al concentration on photoluminescence properties of sol-gel derived hydrogen annealed ZnO

The effect of the Al/Zn atomic ratio on the photoluminescence properties of hydrogen annealed undoped and Al rich ZnO (AZO) films was studied. The Al/Zn atomic ratios in the AZO films were varied from 0 to 40%. All the AZO films exhibited three peaks in the UV, green and red regions, whereas the undoped ZnO films had two peaks in the UV and green regions. The PL intensity in the UV and red regions increased with an increase in Al concentrations. The highest PL intensity in the UV region was observed in the 20% Al/Zn atomic ratio due to improvement in crystal quality which was also confirmed by XRD measurements. The PL emission in the red region was due to complex luminescent centers like (V_zn-Al_zn)^?. A blue shift was seen in the red region with the introduction of Al. The 20% AZO films obtained the strongest signal at ?420 cm^?1, whereas no FTIR signal was observed at 420 cm^?1 in undoped ZnO. The bond signature at ?420 cm^?1 might be responsible for the highest PL intensity in NBE and red regions.