乙酰胆碱酯酶生物传感器的研究

研究了用尼龙网作为载体来固定乙酰胆碱酯酶,然后用"O"型圈固定酶膜于玻璃电极表面组成生物传感器,用来测定有机磷农药和氨基甲酸酯类农药,考察了固定化条件和最佳测试条件,在底物浓度为2×10-3mol/L,25℃,pH 7.0测定的线性范围为1.0×10-8～1.0×10-4g/L,检测下限为0.8×10-8g/L,样品测试中回收率为86.0%,另外,该传感器稳定性好,寿命长,3个月后仍有较好的性质.     

电化学生物传感器的应用

电化学生物传感器是在科学与技术综合化发展进程中产生的交叉学科,涉及电化学、生物学、光学、医学、电子技术及热学等众多学科。电化学生物传感器在生物医学、环境监测、食品科学、医药工业等众多领域得到了广泛的应用。     

基于金纳米颗粒修饰二氧化硅纳米花的生物传感器构建及应用

利用褶皱状二氧化硅纳米花(SiO₂ NFs),通过原位还原法制备分散的金纳米颗粒修饰的氨基二氧化硅复合材料(Au@NH₂-SiO₂ NFs)。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和元素分析(elemental mapping)对Au@NH₂-SiO₂ NFs纳米材料进行表征。基于Au@NH₂-SiO₂ NFs构建AChE/Au@NH₂-SiO₂ NFs/GCE生物传感器。选择马拉硫磷和毒死蜱两种有机磷农药为代表,考察生物传感器的检测性能,其中马拉硫磷的检测范围是(1.00×10^-11)～(1.00×10^-5) mol/L,检测限为2.92×10^-12 mol/L;毒死蜱的检测范围是(1.00×10^-13)～(1.00×...     

基于铂、钯负载的MoS2纳米片构建生物传感器及应用

制备了Pt和Pd纳米颗粒修饰的单层MoS₂纳米片（Pt-Pd/MoS₂）,通过扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对Pt-Pd/MoS₂外部形貌、内部结构和组成进行表征分析,并基于Pt-Pd/MoS₂修饰玻碳电极,并于表面固定乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）,制备AChE生物传感器。对比了Pt和Pd双金属纳米颗粒、商品化Pt/C及Pt-Pd/MoS₂的电化学性能,结果发现,Pt-Pd/MoS₂的电化学性能明显优于其他两种。测定电极表面酶催化反应的动力学参数K_m为883μmol/L;以马拉硫磷和甲基对硫磷为代表,考察制备电极的检测性能以及制备电极对有机磷农药的检测性能,马拉硫磷的检测范围是1×10^-14～1×10^-5mol/L,检测限为4.69×10^-14mol/L;甲基对硫磷的检测范围是1×10^-15～1×10^-5mol/L,检测限为5.23×10^-15mol/L（S/N=3）;并应用于真实样品检测OPs的回收率为91.4%～103%,显示出良好的回收率和准确性,可应用于实际样品的分析。Pt-Pd/MoS₂为二维纳米材料构建高效生物传感器提供了新思路。     

石墨烯在电化学生物传感器领域的研究进展

石墨烯以其高的导电性、大的比表面积和良好的生物相容性等优点在电化学领域得到了广泛研究。本文介绍了近5年来石墨烯材料在电化学生物传感器领域的研究进展,简单探讨了石墨烯发展存在的问题。     

铂钴合金修饰的乙酰胆碱酯酶生物传感器的研制铂钴合金修饰的乙酰胆碱酯酶生物传感器的研制

采用恒电位沉积技术,通过聚碳酸酯模板直接在玻碳电极上制得铂钴合金纳米线阵列,将其固定酶制成乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)生物传感器,用于抑制剂有机磷农药辛硫磷的测定。考察了电位、pH值、底物浓度等条件对传感器测定辛硫磷的影响。在优化条件下,检测辛硫磷的线性范围为7.00×10-4~8.20 mmol·L-1,检测下限为2.35×10-4mmol·L-1。该传感器具有操作简单、检测范围宽、灵敏度高等优点,用于蔬菜、水果中有机磷农药的测定,效果良好。     

生物电化学

生物电化学即运用电化学的技术、原理和理论来研究生物学事件。本文对生物电化学的研究范围及其在生物伽伐尼电池、生物燃料电池、传感器电极、膜电位等领域中的应用作了简单介绍。     

电化学生物传感器研究取得系列进展

正生物传感器为基因分析、传染病检测和食品安全等领域提供了一种廉价、便携检测生物分子的新工具。中国科学院上海应用物理研究所物理生物学研究室樊春海课题组长期致力于电化学生物传感器的研究,取得了系列研究进展。近日,应权威化学综述杂志Accounts of Chemical Research邀请,裴昊、左小磊等撰写了相关综述论文,并发表于Acc.Chem.Res.,2014,47,550-559。     

生物传感器在有机磷农药检测中的应用

本文总结了近年来国内外生物传感器在有机磷农药检测中的研究成果,综述了最新研究进展,并展望了其发展前景。     

离子液体在电化学生物传感器中的应用

介绍了新型材料离子液体的组成及性质,从室温离子液体的碳电极、Sol-Gel材料和聚合物材料等几方面介绍了离子液体在电化学生物传感器中的应用。     

A Review on Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Used in Chlorogenic Acid Electroanalysis

Chlorogenic acid (5-O-caffeoylquinic acid) is a phenolic compound from the hydroxycinnamic acid family. Epidemiological, biological, and biochemical studies concur to support the beneficial role of chlorogenic acid in human health, along with other dietary phenolic compounds. Thus, chlorogenic acid has been reported to exert inhibitory effects on carcinogenesis in the large intestine, liver, and tongue, and a protective action on oxidative stress in vivo, together with anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antihypertensive activities. It is also claimed to have antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral effects with relatively low toxicity and side effects, alongside properties that do not lead to antimicrobial resistance. Due to its importance, numerous methods for determining chlorogenic acid (CGA), as well as for its derivatives from coffee beans and other plants, were elaborated. The most frequently used methods are infrared spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and chemiluminescence. Although these methods proved to be efficient for quantifying CGA and its derived products, a number of deficiencies were identified: they are time consuming, laborious, and require expensive instruments. Therefore, electrochemical methods have been developed and used in the determination of CGA in different nutraceuticals or food products. The present review aims to present the main progresses and performance characteristics of electrochemical sensors and biosensors used to detect CGA, as it is reported in a high number of relevant scientific papers published mainly in the last decade.     

Evaluation of Olive Oil Quality with Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review

Electrochemical sensors, sensor arrays and biosensors, alongside chemometric instruments, have progressed remarkably of late, being used on a wide scale in the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of olive oil. Olive oil is a natural product of significant importance, since it is a rich source of bioactive compounds with nutritional and therapeutic properties, and its quality is important both for consumers and for distributors. This review aims at analysing the progress reported in the literature regarding the use of devices based on electrochemical (bio)sensors to evaluate the bioactive compounds in olive oil. The main advantages and limitations of these approaches on construction technique, analysed compounds, calculus models, as well as results obtained, are discussed in view of estimation of future progress related to achieving a portable, practical and rapid miniature device for analysing the quality of virgin olive oil (VOO) at different stages in the manufacturing process.     

Development of Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials Based Electrochemical Biosensors on Enhancing the Analysis of Food Toxicants

In recent times, food safety has become a topic of debate as the foodborne diseases triggered by chemical and biological contaminants affect human health and the food industry’s profits. Though conventional analytical instrumentation-based food sensors are available, the consumers did not appreciate them because of the drawbacks of complexity, greater number of analysis steps, expensive enzymes, and lack of portability. Hence, designing easy-to-use tests for the rapid analysis of food contaminants has become essential in the food industry. Under this context, electrochemical biosensors have received attention among researchers as they bear the advantages of operational simplicity, portability, stability, easy miniaturization, and low cost. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have a larger surface area to volume compared to other dimensional nanomaterials. Hence, researchers nowadays are inclined to develop 2D nanomaterials-based electrochemical biosensors to significantly improve the sensor’s sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility while measuring the food toxicants. In the present review, we compile the contribution of 2D nanomaterials in electrochemical biosensors to test the food toxicants and discuss the future directions in the field. Further, we describe the types of food toxicity, methodologies quantifying food analytes, how the electrochemical food sensor works, and the general biomedical properties of 2D nanomaterials.     

乙酰胆碱酯酶固定化方法的研究

以戊二醛为交联剂,牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为保护剂,将乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)交联固定到商品载体上,制备固定化酶片。对影响酶固定化的重要因素进行了考察,获得了最佳固定化条件。实验结果表明,以孔径为0．45μm的硝酸纤维素滤膜作栽体,乙酰胆碱酯酶用量10U,5％(体积分数)戊二醛2μL,1％(质量分数)BSA10μL,配成70μL的酶溶液,3℃固定8h,可获得较好的固定化效果。不同批次制备的酶片,其活力值标准偏差为3.27％～5．03％,酶片在0．1mol／L pH8．5磷酸盐缓冲溶液中3℃下可保存60d。‘     

乙酰胆碱酯酶在尼龙网上的固定化研究

以尼龙网为载体,分别用硫酸二甲酯和三乙基肟四氟化硼作烷基化试剂使尼龙网活化,然后将尼龙网浸入一定浓度的乙酰胆碱酯酶溶液中,置于4°C条件下进行固定化,获得了较好的固定化效果,酶膜活性分别达到4.2 U/cm2和11.1 U/cm2,固定化效率分别达到24.2%和64.1%,重现性好,稳定性好,5个月后活性无明显下降。     

纳米CdS∶Cu双酶膜葡萄糖生物传感器

将纳米CdS∶Cu颗粒加入到葡萄糖酶(GOD)和辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)双酶膜中,与导电聚合物聚邻苯二胺(PoPD)经电化学聚合反应而固定此两酶,制备了电流型纳米CdS∶Cu颗粒双酶膜葡萄糖生物传感器,分析了CdS∶Cu纳米颗粒对传感器电流响应的影响,进行了传感器的性能测定。实验表明,引入CdS∶Cu纳米粒子和PoPD后可显著改进传感器响应性能,线性范围为0.55~9.2 mmol/L,检测下限为0.55 mmol/L,响应时间为20 s。稳定工作215天,传感器活性指标无显著变化,且抗干扰性强。     

石墨烯量子点在生物传感和成像技术中的应用

石墨烯量子点具有许多吸引人的优点,如低细胞毒性、溶解能力强、稳定的光致发光、良好的生物相容性、高比表面积、电子高迁移率和可调节带隙等,因此,适用于构建传感系统和生物成像。根据近几年来,基于石墨烯量子点性质构建的光学生物传感器和电化学生物传感器以及石墨烯量子点在生物成像技术中的应用进行了综述。     

Voltamperometric Sensors and Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanomaterials Used for Detecting Caffeic Acid—A Review

Caffeic acid is one of the most important hydroxycinnamic acids found in various foods and plant products. It has multiple beneficial effects in the human body such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic. Since overdoses of caffeic acid may have negative effects, the quality and quantity of this acid in foods, pharmaceuticals, food supplements, etc., needs to be accurately determined. The present paper analyzes the most representative scientific papers published mostly in the last 10 years which describe the development and characterization of voltamperometric sensors or biosensors based on carbon nanomaterials and/or enzyme commonly used for detecting caffeic acid and a series of methods which may improve the performance characteristics of such sensors.