双酶法生产玉米酒精液化及糖化工艺条件的研究

运用正交实验，确定了双酶法玉米酒精生产的液化和糖化工艺条件。最佳液化工艺条件为：液化温度90℃，pH值5．5，液化时间3．5h，液化酶的添加量0．035g／100g玉米粉；最佳糖化工艺条件为糖化温度58℃，pH值4．5，糖化时间2．5h，糖化酶的添加量0．3g／100g玉米粉。     

小米黄酒酿造工艺的研究

通过单因素和正交试验,优选出小米黄酒的最佳糖化和发酵工艺条件.结果表明:加曲量1.0 g/kg,糖化温度30℃,糖化时间72 h为最优的糖化条件;酵母添加量0.32 g/kg,发酵温度35℃,发酵时间8d为最优的发酵条件.     

玉米粉液化及糖化工艺条件优化

以玉米粉为原料,葡萄糖当量（DE）值作为评价指标,研究料液比、时间、酶添加量、温度、pH值对玉米粉液化及糖化效果的影响,采用单因素及正交试验对液化、糖化工艺参数进行优化。结果表明,将玉米粉加水配制成料液比1∶4（g∶mL）的浆料,调pH 6.2,最佳液化工艺条件为α-淀粉酶添加量8 U/g、液化温度80 ℃、液化时间60 min、液化液调pH 4.3;最佳糖化条件为糖化酶添加量250 U/g、糖化温度60 ℃、糖化时间12 h。在此最佳条件下,葡萄糖当量值达到93.1%。     

白曲霉用于食醋糖化过程的研究

通过正交试验确定了白曲霉SICC3.917三角瓶与糖化曲的最佳培养基成分及最佳培养条件、糖化醪液的最佳制备工艺。结果表明白曲霉的三角瓶最佳培养条件为：麸皮添加量8.5g,玉米粉添加量1.5g,水添加量10.5g,培养温度30℃。白曲霉SICC3.917糖化曲的最佳培养条件为种曲接种量0.5%,熟料含水量52%,培养温度32℃,空气湿度90%。糖化醪液的最佳制备工艺为白曲霉糖化曲的添加量1.3%,大米粉浓度20.7%,糖化温度65℃,糖化时间3h。     

玫瑰茄黄酒的工艺研究

以糯米和玫瑰茄浸提液为原料,酿制玫瑰茄糯米黄酒。通过单因素和正交试验优化玫瑰茄黄酒糖化和发酵的工艺条件。结果表明:最佳糖化工艺条件为糖化时间21 h、麦曲添加量12 g、糖化温度30℃;最佳发酵工艺条件为发酵时间72 h、发酵温度25℃、2%玫瑰茄浸提液添加量60 mL、酒曲添加量2.5%。在该条件下玫瑰茄黄酒的酒精度为13.8%vol,还原糖含量为0.256 mg/mL,pH 3.42。     

双酶糖化协同蜂蜜接合酵母发酵黄酒的工艺

为改善传统客家黄酒易染杂菌、成品酒批次间不稳定等缺点,以黑糯米为原料,采用双酶糖化后接种蜂蜜接合酵母的工艺酿造黑糯米黄酒。通过单因素和正交试验设计,得出黑糯米酒的最佳酿造工艺条件为:α-淀粉酶添加量32 U/g、液化温度80℃、液化时间200 min;糖化酶添加量170 U/g、糖化温度60℃、糖化时间25 h;蜂蜜接合酵母接种量体积分数20%,发酵温度28℃,经过10 d前发酵,其总糖为43.5 g/L,总酸为4.8 g/L,酒精度可达12.3%vol。以该工艺酿出的黑糯米酒酒味纯正,芳香清甜,口感醇厚,带有糯米特有的香味。     

茯苓养生黄酒酿造工艺研究

以糯米为主要原料,在蒸粮阶段添加茯苓等中药材蒸煮、糖化、发酵,得到一种富含茯苓多糖的养生黄酒。对其酿造工艺进行优化,结果表明:糖化阶段,酒曲添加量1.0%,糖化温度25℃,糖化时间48h;前发酵阶段,酵母添加量0.09%、料液比1∶2、前酵温度30℃、前酵时间7d;后发酵阶段,后酵温度15~20℃,后酵时间9-11d,在此条件下制得的茯苓养生黄酒酒度为9.5vol%,总酸含量为4.21g/L,茯苓多糖含量为4.64g/L。     

不同澄清方式对人参果果酒澄清作用的研究

以人参果为原料进行酒精发酵,研究不同澄清方式对人参果果酒透光率的影响。结果表明,几种澄清方式中离心澄清的效果最佳,其次为添加澄清剂,自然澄清和冷冻澄清效果最差;而添加澄清剂中添加明胶、皂土和复合澄清剂澄清的效果相仿;明胶的最佳澄清条件为:添加量0.6g/L,温度20℃,时间1h;皂土的最佳澄清条件为:添加量0.010g/L、温度50℃、时间5h。通过响应面分析和岭脊分析,得到人参果果酒最佳澄清工艺为:复合澄清剂添加量明胶0.55g/L+皂土0.01g/L,处理温度23.6℃,处理时间87min,在此条件下,理论响应值约为80.88%。     

高浓玉米秸秆碱法预处理及半同步糖化发酵生产乙醇的工艺研究

为实现玉米秸秆高效转化可发酵糖,提升玉米秸秆生产纤维素乙醇竞争力,对碱过氧化氢法预处理后高浓玉米秸秆半同步糖化发酵生产燃料乙醇的工艺进行了研究。建立底物浓度与酶解糖得率关系模型,以确定适宜的底物浓度。向预处理后的玉米秸秆中添加吐温20,考察其酶解过程特性,确定吐温20最适添加量。结果表明,酶解最适条件为:底物质量浓度200 g/L,吐温20添加量8%(ω)。在该条件基础上,对酵母种龄、吐温20对酵母发酵影响、半同步糖化发酵预酶解时间、半同步糖化发酵的时间、发酵温度进行了研究,确定了半同步糖化发酵的工艺条件为:种龄16 h,吐温20添加量5%(ω),预酶解时间9 h,半同步糖化发酵时间7 d,温度34℃。在最佳条件下,发酵7 d后,乙醇浓度达到23. 64 g/L,乙醇转化率达到76. 54%,较对照组(不添加吐温20)转化率提升3. 41%。该工艺条件下能实现高浓玉米秸秆高效转化可发酵糖及乙醇的目的。     

首乌保健黄酒的生产工艺

以白首乌、糯米为原料,经糖化、发酵生产出具有保健功能的首乌黄酒。对首乌醪液液化及发酵工艺条件进行探讨。结果表明:最佳液化条件为耐高温α-淀粉酶添加量为20 U/g,液化时间为25 min,液化温度为95℃。最佳发酵条件为发酵温度为28℃,发酵时间为5 d,首乌汁添加量为15%。     

蛋白质水解度测定方法综述

对目前国内外常用的蛋白质水解度测定方法进行了综述，其中pH—state方法是通过滴定水解过程中释放的质子测定DH；OPA、TNBS及国内常用的水合茚三酮和甲醛等测定方法是利用游离氨基的反应测定DH。     

聚多元羧酸盐的合成及应用

研究了聚多元羧酸盐的合成方法及反应机理,将其应用于洗涤剂和PVC制品中分别代替三聚磷酸钠和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,证明有良好效果。     

SEROLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF ORIGIN OF SAUSAGE MEATS

SUMMARY: A partially purified immunoglobulin G (lgG) solution prepared from the serum of species to be tested was heated to the specifications for sausages. The resulting supernatant fluid was decanted and the precipitate washed with saline and used to immunize rabbits. The supernatant fluid was used to sensitize tanned sheep red blood cells. The immune serum was rendered monospecific by absorptions with heterologous, heated lgG precipitates. A sample of monospecific immune serum was absorbed with a washed homogenate of sausage. Aliquots of the monospecific immune serum, both untreated and sausage absorbed, were tested with cells sensitized with the homologous heated lgG supematant fluid. A significant reduction of titer by sausage absorption indicated that the sausages contained the meat homologous to the immune serum.     

STABILITY OF AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS

Hop oil emulsions prepared from different varieties of hops have been found to exhibit enhanced physical stability on the addition of blends of the emulsifiers Span 20/Tween 80 or Span 60/Tween 60. Examination of the particle size and volume distributions of an emulsion by use of a Coulter Counter was found to be an excellent method of monitoring its stability. An indication as to the relative efficiency of emulsifiers can be obtained from Coulter Counter measurements on hop oil emulsions after storage for 4 days. The use of an ultracentrifuge provies a rapid means of testing emulsion stability and hence the effectiveness of emulsion stabilizers.     

BASIS OF STABILITY OF AMINE SALTS OF LINOLEIC ACID

SUMMARY— The mechanism and generality of the known stabilization against autoxidation conferred on linoleic acid by certain basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, was investigated. Basic amino acids were the only class of compounds found to confer the effect. However, the smallest basic amino acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, was not effective, nor was αβω-diaminc acid, 3,6-diaminohexanoic acid, although a simple isomer of lysine. The stabilization was observed only in the solid phase. Inclusion of sodium chloride in the solid matrix was deleterious to the effect. A large number of physical and chemical observations were made and correlated but it has not been possible to draw detailed conclusions about the mechanism of stabilization, nor can a detailed structure of the stabilized complex be suggested. The cause of the phenomenon appears to be closely associated with the physical arrangement of the ions in the crystal lattice.     

百年风尚

一场流光溢彩、赏心悦目的展览,一段百年风尚演进的传奇旅程,一次东西方文化艺术的完美对话。2013年9月13日,“博萃臻艺一中西方珍宝艺术展”在辽宁省博物馆举行了隆重的开幕仪式,法兰西共和国驻华大使白林女士、辽宁省文物局局长丁辉先生、辽宁省博物馆馆长马宝杰先生、卡地亚全球总裁兼首席执行官邓阁仕先生、卡地亚区域行政总裁（北亚洲）陆慧全先生、卡地亚中国区首席执行官陆意斯先生、辽宁省文物店总经理张春鹰先生,以及众多文化界与文博界的贵宾齐聚一堂,共同见证了这场文化艺术盛事。     

矩阵乘积的行式,列式

给出了ｍ×ｍ矩阵与ｍ×ｎ矩阵的行（列）式的表达式．若Ａ＝ａ１１ａ１２…ａ１ｍａ２１ａ２２…ａ２ｍ……ａｍ１ａｍ２…ａｍｍＢ＝ｂ１１ｂ１２…ｂ１ｎｂ２１ｂ２２…ｂ２ｎ……ｂｍ１ｂｍ２…ｂｍｎ分别是ｍ×ｍ，ｍ×ｎ矩阵，则｜Ａ｜｜Ｂ｜＝｜ＡＢ｜＋∑ｉ１＜ｉ２＜…＜ｉｔｊ１＜ｊ２＜…＜ｊｔ１≤ｔ≤ｍｎ－ｔ≥ｍＮＢｉ１ｉ２…ｉｔｊ１ｊ２…ｊｔＮＡＢ１…ｍ（－１）ｓｔ＋１ｊｔ＋１…（－１）ｓｎｊｎ其中ｉ１，ｉ２，…，ｉｔ是１，２，…，ｍ中ｔ个数码；ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｔ＋１，…，ｊｎ是１，２，…，ｎ的一个排列；ｓｒ＝π（ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ）（ｒ＝１，２，…，ｎ）是排列ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ的反序数．     

DEVELOPMENT OF CHAINS OF CELLS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DURING FERMENTATION

The lengths of chains of cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied during fermentation. Pitching yeast generally contained about half of the total number of cells as two-celled chains. The chain lengths varied during the subsequent fermentation and the variations were characteristic of the strain. Electronic counting assessments of chain length were unreliable.     

EFFECTS OF TYPES OF FAT AND OF RATES AND TEMPERATURES OF COMMINUTION ON DISPERSION OF LIPIDS IN FRANKFURTERS

ABSTRACT— The effect of time, temperature and rpm of comminution of emulsions was determined on the dispersion of approximately 25% of beef fat, pork fat or cottonseed oil in frankfurters. The numbers of lipid particles 5 μ or less in diameter increased in frankfurters containing either beef or pork fat as comminution was continued to higher temperatures, with pork fat dispersed more thoroughly. Fat tended to separate from frankfurters containing beef fat in particles 200 μ or more in diameter. In contrast, no specific degree of dispersion of particles 5 μ or less in diameter consistently indicated emulsion stability, or its lack. Increased rpm during comminution produced an increased dispersion of beef or pork fat. Under the same conditions pork fat was dispersed more finely than beef fat. Dispersion of cottonseed oil produced finely dispersed particles beyond the resolution of light microscopy, as was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed a substantial number of particles to be less than 1 μ in diameter.     

基于复合运动理论推导求点的速度及加速度的球坐标法

本文基于点的复合运动理论,用球坐标法推导出点的速度及加速度的计算公式,进一步论证了理论力学中点的速度,加速度公式的正确性。