2219铝合金及变极性TIG焊焊接接头的力学性能

通过拉伸实验,借助光学显微镜和扫描电镜等手段,测定了2219—T62铝合金母材及变极性TIG焊焊接接头在不同温度下的力学性能,并且对母材以及焊接接头的断口形貌及微观组织进行了观察分析。实验结果表明,铝合金具有低温韧性增强现象,适用于低温工作条件;接头的抗拉性能及延伸率相比母材都有大幅下降。探讨了温度对母材及焊接接头性能的影响。     

温度对2219铝合金及搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头性能的影响

通过拉伸试验,测定了2219-T87铝合金母材及其搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）焊接接头不同温度下的力学性能。利用扫描电镜与光学显微镜等手段,对母材和焊接接头的微观组织及断口形貌进行了观察和分析。试验结果表明,该铝合金及其焊接接头具有低温增强增韧现象,适合在低温下工作;同时表明FSW是一种非常优异的焊接工艺。     

5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能研究

采用搅拌摩擦焊焊接5083铝合金,光学显微镜OM、透射电镜TEM对焊接接头进行金相分析,拉伸试验和硬度试验对焊接接头力学性能进行分析。结果表明,焊接接头焊核区为晶粒细小的等轴晶组织,热力影响区晶粒细小且沿剪切方向拉长,热影响区晶粒明显长大。其接头的力学性能显著优于传统的熔化焊,抗拉强度约为母材的90%,塑性与母材相当;硬度分布均匀,可达母材的90%。     

TIG重熔对6005A-T6铝合金焊接接头组织及性能的影响

针对铝合金焊接接头缺陷TIG重熔修复,采用6005A-T6铝合金作为母材,先采用MIG焊对母材进行焊接,焊后采用无脉冲TIG焊对焊趾处进行重熔,有无脉冲TIG焊对焊缝处进行重熔,对重熔前后的焊接试验件进行金相显微组织形貌及性能对比分析.结果表明,重熔后热影响区宽度明显大于重熔前,组织晶粒更加粗大,弥散相分布更加均匀;硬...     

搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数对超薄铝合金板/高强钢搭接焊接头组织及性能的影响

采用复合式搅拌头对0.7 mm厚6010铝合金板和2.0 mm厚DP600钢板进行搅拌摩擦搭接焊,在不磨损搅拌头的同时获得了性能优良的焊接接头。研究了不同焊接工艺参数对铝合金/高强钢焊接接头界面结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明,在搅拌针未进入钢板的情况下,顶锻力是搅拌摩擦焊过程中的关键参数,存在一个实现铝合金/高强钢异种材料搅拌摩擦搭接焊的最小顶锻力。在恒定顶锻力5.0 kN,转速1 200 r/min的焊接条件下得到了最佳性能的焊接接头,拉伸强度达到260 MPa,且断裂发生在铝合金母材区。铝合金/高强钢界面存在一层厚2.0μm的过渡层。     

6061铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与性能研究

采用搅拌摩擦焊方法(FSW)对6 mm厚的6061-T4铝合金板材进行对接,焊后利用光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析、对比了焊接接头和母材的显微组织和断口形貌特征,并测试了其室温拉伸性能和显微硬度。实验结果表明:选择了适合于6061-T4铝合金板材搅拌摩擦焊的工艺参数:焊接时搅拌头旋转速度为1200 r.min-1,工件的进给速度为300 mm.min-1,在此参数下获得了与母材等强度、韧性接近于母材的焊接接头,为此种合金应用于汽车关键零部件提供了可靠的工艺方法。FSW板材接头焊核区的组织和性能明显优于其他区,热影响区是接头最薄弱的部分,焊核区的硬度最高,而热影响区的硬度最低,焊缝金属发生回复再结晶使晶粒细化。断口分析表明,断裂发生在热影响区,由于搅拌头的旋转运动和热量的累积,该区存在晶粒长大、组织粗化现象。对工艺参数的优化实验表明,搅拌头旋转速度与焊接速度对接头性能的影响存在一定的适配关系,通过工艺参数的调整可以有效地控制热影响区的焊缝组织和改善焊接接头的性能。细晶强化是搅拌摩擦焊接头强度与韧性提高的主要原因。     

焊接间隙对铝合金MIG焊组织性能的影响

文章主要选取6063铝合金挤压板材,采用熔化极惰性气体保护焊MIG进行对接工艺验证试验,通过焊接接头宏观形貌观察、X射线形貌观察、金相显微组织观察和性能分析,了解不同焊接间隙对焊接性能的影响,获得熔化极惰性气体保护焊MIG对母材间隙的要求.结果表明,MIG焊接0.5mm、1.0mm、1.5mm间隙板材焊缝组织性能良好.     

铝合金/Q235钎剂涂层钢板异种金属CMT焊接分析

采用CMT(Cold Mental Transfer,冷金属过渡焊)焊接技术,分别对5083铝合金和6061铝合金与Q235钎剂涂层钢板进行焊接实验。采用NOCLOCK+30%Zn粉的钎剂配方和相同的焊接工艺参数,对焊缝界面组织的SEM和EDS观察分析,研究不同母材对铝合金/钢异种金属焊接的影响。结果表明:采用该钎剂配方可以基本满足铝合金/钢异种金属焊接的要求;铝母材中镁含量越高,得到的接头性能越差。     

轨道交通用7xxx系铝合金接头组织性能浅析

对轨道车体用7xxx铝合金接头进行MIG对接焊,填充金属选用直径为1.2mm的ER 5087铝合金焊丝,焊后对焊接接头进行拉伸,微观金相组织观测及显微硬度测试,目的在研究轨道车体用7xxx铝合金接头的组织和性能。研究结果显示,7N01铝合金焊接接头实际强度系数大于0.6,接头硬度最低值位于焊缝中心,热影响区硬度较母材略有降低;焊缝区由等轴晶及粗大柱状晶组成,熔合线处存在垂直熔合线的等轴晶;焊接接头后主要强化相为MgZn₂,同时存在一定数量呈条状分布的第二相粒子Mg₂Si。     

TA1中厚板电子束焊接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率研究

针对厚度为30 mm的TA1工业纯钛试板开展电子束焊接试验。通过对焊接接头的母材、热影响区和焊缝进行微观组织及维氏硬度测试,分析焊接过程对TA1材料组织及性能的影响。将疲劳裂纹扩展特性与接头各区域组织相结合,论述微观组织分布差异对焊接试样宏观裂纹扩展路径及裂纹扩展速率的影响。结果表明:与TA1母材相比,电子束焊接头焊缝及热影响区具有更高的疲劳裂纹扩展抗力,导致疲劳裂纹扩展路径发生偏折并最终偏向母材。与具有等轴α相的母材相比,电子束焊接过程中生成的锯齿α及α柱状晶对疲劳裂纹扩展具有阻碍作用。在应力比为0.1的试验条件下,焊缝处的疲劳裂纹扩展速率最低,热影响区其次,母材最高。     

Comparison of microstructure and properties between joints of FSW and TIG 316L austenitic stainless steel

FSW and TIG were conducted on 316L stainless steel.Variation during microstructure and properties in joints obtained by different welding methods was studied.The results show that the effect of severe mechanical stirring and intense plastic deformation creat a fine recrystallized grain in the welding joint during FSW.As for TIG,the temperature of welding joint exceeds the melting point of welded material itself.The entire welding process belongs to the solidification of a small molten pool;and the microstructure of the joint takes on a typical casting structure.When the welding parameters were selected appropriately,the average ultimate tensile strength of FSW joints can reach 493 MPa,which is 83.6%of base metal;the average elongation is 52.1%of base metal.The average ultimate tensile strength of TIG joints is 475 MPa, which is 80.5%of base metal;the average elongation is 40.8%of base metal.The tensile test of FSW joints is superior to the TIG joints.The microhardness of FSW joint compared to base metal and TIG joint having a significant improvement,which arel95.5 HV,159.7 HV and 160.7 HV,respectively;grain refinement strengthening plays an important role in enhancing the microhardness.The electrochemical corrosion tests show that the joint of FSW 316L austenitic stainless steel has a good corrosion resistance.     

Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Characteristics of Friction Welded Dissimilar Joints of Aluminium Alloys

Joining of similar and dissimilar combinations of aluminium alloys 2024 and 6061 were performed using friction welding technique. Microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of the joints were characterized. Microstructure of the alloy were found to change significantly across the joint such as fully deformed, partially deformed and undeformed regions due to deformation, frictional heat and alloy characteristics. Extensive fine grain size was observed in the fully deformed region and volume fraction of finer grains was higher in the alloy 2024 as compared to alloy 6061. Hardness was lower in the weld interface region of the similar joints of AA2024 and AA6061. The lower hardness in the dissimilar metal joint was observed in the heat affected zone of alloy 6061. The tensile strengths of the similar joints were 80 and 85% of respective base metal of alloys 2024 and 6061. The strength of the dissimilar metal joint was observed to be similar to the base metal strength of 6061 alloy. Tensile fracture occurred in the region of joints where lower hardness was observed. The maximum elongation were obtained in dissimilar joints of alloys and characterized by scanning electron microscope. It revealed deep dimple patterns unlike what was observed in similar joints.     

Structure and mechanical properties of 1570C alloy welds produced by friction stir welding

The effect of the conditions of friction stir welding (FSW) of 1570C aluminum alloy sheets on the structure and mechanical properties of the welded joints is studied. A recrystallized fine-grained structure with a grain size changing with the rate of welding tool rotation forms in a weld during FSW. As compared to the base metal, the yield strength of the weld metal decreases by 9–22% depending on the rate of welding tool rotation, and the ultimate tensile strength is almost independent of the FSW conditions and accounts for ～90% of the ultimate tensile strength of the base metal. The plasticity of the weld metal is >13% for all rates of welding tool rotation. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld zone are discussed.     

Ti-6Ta合金等离子焊焊接接头的组织与性能

采用等离子弧焊对3mm及12mm厚Ti-6Ta合金板材进行了焊接实验,通过光学显微镜和腐蚀试验研究了焊接接头的组织形貌和耐腐蚀性能,同时测试了焊接接头的力学性能和弯曲性能。结果表明：采用等离子弧进行焊接的Ti-6Ta合金,其焊接热影响区为粗大的等轴晶粒,焊接熔区晶粒组织则呈粗大的不规则形貌。并且,Ti-6Ta合金等离子焊焊接接头的强度和弯曲性能与母材相当,塑性稍有下降。此外,焊接热应力对接头的强度和弯曲性能影响较小,焊接接头在沸腾硝酸中具有良好的耐腐蚀性能,且焊接接头的耐蚀性对焊接热应力不敏感。     

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of as Weld and Aged Conditions of AA2219 Aluminium Alloy by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Process

In this article, Welding of AA2219 aluminium alloy using Gas tungsten arc welding process (GTAW) and evaluation of metallurgical, mechanical and corrosion properties of the joints are discussed. The weld samples were subjected to ageing process at the temperature range of 195°C for a period of 5 h to improve the properties. AA2219 aluminium plates of thickness of 25 mm were welded using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process in double V butt joint configuration. The input parameters considered in this work are welding current, voltage and welding speed. Tensile strength and hardness were measured as performance characteristics. The variation in the properties were justified with the help of microstructures. The same procedures were repeated for post weld heat treated samples and a comparison was made between as weld condition and age treated conditions. The post weld heat samples had better tensile strength and hardness values on comparing with the as weld samples. Fracture surface obtained from the tensile tested specimen revealed ductile mode of failure.     

6005A铝合金CMT与MIG焊接头组织及性能研究

针对2mm厚6005A铝合金采用冷金属过渡(CMT)和熔化极惰性气体保护(MIG)焊接技术进行焊接,研究了两种焊接接头的力学性能、拉伸断口形貌,接头不同位置的微观组织。研究表明,CMT焊接头的抗拉强度好于MIG焊接头,达到母材的70%,焊缝组织更为细小;两种焊接接头断裂位置均为热影响区,CMT焊接接头为韧性断裂,MIG焊接接头为韧性断裂与准解理断裂的混合断裂。     

Al?Zn?Mg?Cu?Zr?(Sc)合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织和性能

利用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、显微硬度计和万能拉伸试验机等分析手段,表征了Al?Zn?Mg?Cu?Zr?(Sc)合金搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）接头的显微组织和性能,探究了Sc元素对改善超高强Al?Zn?Mg?Cu?Zr合金焊接性能的作用机制。结果表明:Al?Zn?Mg?Cu?Zr?(Sc)合金焊接接头具有相似的组织特征,焊核区为动态再结晶组织,由细小均匀的等轴晶组成,包含较高密度的位错线,大部分时效析出相回溶;热力影响区晶粒被拉长,位错密度更高,残留的时效析出相显著粗化;热影响区保留与母材相同的晶粒形态,大部分时效析出的η'相发生长大,少部分粗化成η相。添加质量分数0.17%的Sc,可以使合金FSW接头抗拉强度提升43 MPa,屈服强度提升23 MPa,断后伸长率改善2.3%,焊接系数达到74.1%。Al₃(Sc,Zr)二次析出相可以强烈抑制位错、亚晶界、晶界的移动,细化晶粒的同时保留大量的亚结构,且自身可发挥Orowan弥散强化作用。因此,可通过细晶强化、亚结构强化和弥散强化三种方式显著提高合金FSW接头的力学性能。      

Metallurgical characterisation of dissimilar welds between modified 9Cr‐1Mo steel and Alloy 800

Dissimilar metal welds between ferritic low‐alloy and austenitic stainless steels commonly occur in power plant application. In order to overcome some of the problems encountered here, a trimetallic configuration using an intermediate piece (such as Alloy 800) between the austenitic and ferritic steels has been suggested. This paper describes some features of the joints between modified 9Cr‐1Mo steel and Alloy 800, produced with Inconel 82/182 filler material. The joints require heat‐treatment after welding and the results have shown that a treatment at 760 °C for 2 h would be optimal. Although most tensile failures occurred in the weld metal the welds were found to exhibit strength properties that are at least equal to those of Alloy 800, with a tensile elongation lying between those of the two base materials. Similarly, while the weld metals are slightly less tough than the two base materials, the weld metal toughness at 120 J is still quite adequate for the intended application.