Capacitively coupled shortwave radiofrequency fields (13.56 MHz) resistively heat low concentrations (∼1 ppm) of gold nanoparticles
with a thermal power dissipation of ∼380 kW/g of gold. Smaller diameter gold nanoparticles (< 50 nm) heat at nearly twice
the rate of larger diameter gold nanoparticles (≥50 nm), which is attributed to the higher resistivity of smaller gold nanostructures.
A Joule heating model has been developed to explain this phenomenon and provides critical insights into the rational design
and engineering of nanoscale materials for noninvasive thermal therapy of cancer.
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These two authors made an equal contribution to the work. 相似文献
We report synthesis windows for growth of millimeter-long ZnTe nanoribbons and ZnSe nanowires using vapor transport. By tuning
the local conditions at the growth substrate, high aspect ratio nanostructures can be synthesized. A Cu-ion immersion doping
method was applied, producing strongly p-type conduction in ZnTe and ionic conduction in ZnSe. These extreme aspect ratio
wide-bandgap semiconductors have great potential for high density nanostructured optoelectronic circuits.
相似文献
We explore 10-nm wide Si nanowire (SiNW) field-effect transistors (FETs) for logic applications, via the fabrication and testing
of SiNW-based ring oscillators. We report on SiNW surface treatments and dielectric annealing, for producing SiNW FETs that
exhibit high performance in terms of large on/off-state current ratio (∼108), low drain-induced barrier lowering (∼30 mV) and low subthreshold swing (∼80 mV/decade). The performance of inverter and
ring-oscillator circuits fabricated from these nanowire FETs are also explored. The inverter demonstrates the highest voltage
gain (∼148) reported for a SiNW-based NOT gate, and the ring oscillator exhibits near rail-to-rail oscillation centered at
13.4 MHz. The static and dynamic characteristics of these NW devices indicate that these SiNW-based FET circuits are excellent
candidates for various high-performance nanoelectronic applications.
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A new technique to reduce the influence of metallic carbon nanotubes (CNTs)—relevant for large-scale integrated circuits based
on CNT-nanonet transistors—is proposed and verified. Historically, electrical and chemical filtering of the metallic CNTs
have been used to improve the ON/OFF ratio of CNT-nanonet transistors; however, the corresponding degradation in ON-current
has made these techniques somewhat unsatisfactory. Here, we abandon the classical approaches in favor of a new approach based
on relocation of asymmetric percolation threshold of CNT-nanonet transistors by a technique called “striping”; this allows
fabrication of transistors with ON/OFF ratio >1000 and ON-current degradation no more than a factor of 2. We offer first principle
numerical models, experimental confirmation, and renormalization arguments to provide a broad theoretical and experimental
foundation of the proposed method.
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We have studied the morphology evolution of holed nanostructures formed by aluminum droplet epitaxy on a GaAs surface. Unique
outer rings with concentric inner holed rings were observed. Further, an empirical equation to describe the size distribution
of the outer rings in the holed nanostructures has been established. The contour line generated by the equation provides physical
insights into quantum ring formation by droplets of group III materials on III–V substrates.
相似文献
A simple method for high-yield, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of serpentine carbon nanotubes, employing quartz
substrates and a molecular cluster catalyst, is described. The growth mechanism is analyzed by controlled addition of nanoscale
barriers, and by mechanical analysis of the curved sections. The serpentine structures are used to study the electrical transport
properties of parallel arrays of identical nanotubes, which show three-terminal conductance that scales linearly with the
number of nanotube segments.
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com 相似文献
We report a facile approach to synthesize narrow and long graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) by sonochemically cutting chemically
derived graphene sheets (GSs). The yield of GNRs can reach ∼5 wt% of the starting GSs. The resulting GNRs are several micrometers
in length, with ∼75% being single-layer, and ∼40% being narrower than 20 nm in width. A chemical tailoring mechanism involving
oxygen-unzipping of GSs under sonochemical conditions is proposed on the basis of experimental observations and previously
reported theoretical calculations; it is suggested that the formation and distribution of line faults on graphite oxide and
GSs play crucial roles in the formation of GNRs. These results open up the possibilities of the large-scale synthesis and
various technological applications of GNRs.
相似文献
We have investigated the optical properties of laterally aligned Si nanowire (SiNW) arrays in order to explore their potential
applicability in transparent electronics. The SiNW array exhibited good optical transparency in the visible spectral range
with a transmittance of ∼90% for a NW density of ∼20–25 per 10 μm. In addition, polarization-dependent measurements revealed
a variation in transmittance in the range of 80%–95% depending on the angle between the polarization of incident light and
the NW axis. Using the SiNWs, we demonstrated that transparent transistors exhibit good optical transparency (greater than
80%) and showed typical p-type SiNW transistor characteristics.
相似文献
Uniform colloidal Bi2S3 nanodots and nanorods with different sizes have been prepared in a controllable manner via a hot injection method. X-ray
diffraction (XRD) results show that the resulting nanocrystals have an orthorhombic structure. Both the diameter and length
of the nanorods increase with increasing concentration of the precursors. All of the prepared Bi2S3 nanostructures show high efficiency in the photodegradation of rhodamine B, especially in the case of small sized nanodots—which
is possibly due to their high surface area. The dynamics of the photocatalysis is also discussed.
相似文献
Chemistry gives us the ability to manipulate atoms and molecules into nanometer and micrometer scale building blocks, while
the science of crystallography is concerned with the spatial arrangement of atoms, ions, and molecules and thus the morphology
and structures of materials. Complex three-dimensional ZnS nanostructures have been fabricated via step-by-step crystallographically-controlled
chemical processes. Tricrystals of ZnS whiskers were prepared via a controlled thermal evaporation process, and then the tricrystals
were thermally treated in an atmosphere formed by evaporating B-N-O precursors into N2/NH3 to afford BN-coated arrays of nanobranches. The ZnS nanobranches grew epitaxially on the ternary facets and extended in three
[0001] directions forming ordered nanostructures. Meanwhile, the protecting insulating sheath of BN formed on the ZnS nanostructures
confined the growth of the nanospines and enhanced their stability. The method may be extended to fabricate other semiconductor
nanomaterials with novel structures.
相似文献
Inorganic fullerene-like WS2 and MoS2 nanoparticles have been synthesized using exclusively solid precursors, by reaction of the corresponding metal oxide nanopowder,
sulfur and a hydrogen-releasing agent (NaBH4 or LiAlH4), achieved either by conventional furnace heating up to ∼900 °C or by photothermal ablation at far higher temperatures driven
by highly concentrated white light. In contrast to the established syntheses that require toxic and hazardous gases, working
solely with solid precursors permits relatively safer reactor conditions conducive to industrial scale-up.
相似文献
Working with a biased atomic force microscope (AFM) tip in the tapping mode under ambient atmosphere, attoliter (10−18 L) water droplet patterns have been generated on a patterned carbonaceous surface. This is essentially electrocondensation
of water leading to charged droplets, as evidenced from electrostatic force microscopy measurements. The droplets are unusual
in that they exhibit a highly corrugated surface and evaporate rather slowly, taking several tens of minutes.
相似文献
We present an interplay of high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy imaging and the corresponding theoretical calculations
based on elastic scattering quantum chemistry techniques of the adsorption of a gold-functionalized rosette assembly and its
building blocks on a Au(111) surface with the goal of exploring how to fabricate functional 3-D molecular nanostructures on
surfaces. The supramolecular rosette assembly stabilized by multiple hydrogen bonds has been sublimed onto the Au(111) surface
under ultra-high vacuum conditions; the resulting surface nanostructures are distinctly different from those formed by the
individual molecular building blocks of the rosette assembly, suggesting that the assembly itself can be transferred intact
to the surface by in situ thermal sublimation. This unanticipated result will open up new perspectives for growth of complex 3-D supramolecular nanostructures
at the vacuum-solid interface.
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com 相似文献
Metallic nanostructures with hollow interiors or tailored porosity represent a special class of attractive materials with
intriguing chemicophysical properties. This paper presents the fabrication of a new type of metallic nanoporous nanotube structure
based on a facile and effective combination of nanocrystal growth and surface modification. By controlling the individual
steps involved in this process, such as nanowire growth, surface modification, thermal diffusion, and dealloying, one-dimensional
(1-D) metallic nanostructures can be prepared with tailored structural features and pre-designed functionalities. These tubular
and porous nanostructures show distinct optical properties, such as tunable absorption in the near-infrared region, and enhanced
capability for electrochemiluminescence signal amplification, which make them particularly desirable as novel 1-D nanocarriers
for biomedical, drug delivery and sensing applications.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
The controlled tailoring of the energy distribution in an electron system opens the way to interesting new physics and device
concepts, as demonstrated by research on metallic nanodevices during recent years. Here we investigate how Josephson coupling
in a superconductor-InAs nanowire junction can be tuned by means of hot-electron injection and we show that a complete suppression
of superconductive effects can be achieved using a power as low as 100 pW. Nanowires offer a novel design freedom as they
allow axial and radial heterostructures to be defined as well as control over doping profiles, which can be crucial in the
development of devices—such as nanorefrigerators—where precisely controlled and predictable energy barriers are mandatory.
Our work provides estimates for unknown key thermal and electrical parameters, such as the electron-phonon coupling, in our
InAs nanostructures.
相似文献
The production of high quality single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on a bulk scale has been an issue of considerable interest.
Recently, it has been demonstrated that high quality SWCNTs can be continuously synthesized on large scale by using induction
thermal plasma technology. In this process, the high energy density of the thermal plasma is employed to generate dense vapor-phase
precursors for the synthesis of SWCNTs. With the current reactor system, a carbon soot product which contains approximately
40 wt% of SWCNTs can be continuously synthesized at the high production rate of ∼100 g/h. In this article, our recent research
efforts to achieve major advances in this technology are presented. Firstly, the processing parameters involved are examined
systematically in order to evaluate their individual influences on the SWCNT synthesis. Based on these results, the appropriate
operating conditions of the induction thermal plasma process for an effective synthesis of SWCNTs are discussed. A characterization
study has also been performed on the SWCNTs produced under the optimum processing conditions. Finally, a mathematical model
of the process currently under development is described. The model will help us to better understand the synthesis of SWCNTs
in the induction plasma process.
相似文献
Singled-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), in the form of ultrathin films of random networks, aligned arrays, or anything in
between, provide an unusual type of electronic material that can be integrated into circuits in a conventional, scalable fashion.
The electrical, mechanical, and optical properties of such films can, in certain cases, approach the remarkable characteristics
of the individual SWNTs, thereby making them attractive for applications in electronics, sensors, and other systems. This
review discusses the synthesis and assembly of SWNTs into thin film architectures of various types and provides examples of
their use in digital electronic circuits with levels of integration approaching 100 transistors and in analog radio frequency
(RF) systems with operating frequencies up to several gigahertz, including transistor radios in which SWNT transistors provide
all of the active functionality. The results represent important steps in the development of an SWNT-based electronics technology
that could find utility in areas such as flexible electronics, RF analog devices and others that might complement the capabilities
of established systems.
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com 相似文献
Magnetic nanowires (NWs) are ideal materials for the fabrication of various multifunctional nanostructures which can be manipulated
by an external magnetic field. Highly crystalline and textured nanowires of nickel (Ni NWs) and cobalt (Co NWs) with high
aspect ratio (∼330) and high coercivity have been synthesized by electrodeposition using nickel sulphate hexahydrate (NiSO4·6H2O) and cobalt sulphate heptahydrate (CoSO4·7H2O) respectively on nanoporous alumina membranes. They exhibit a preferential growth along 〈110〉. A general mobility assisted
growth mechanism for the formation of Ni and Co NWs is proposed. The role of the hydration layer on the resulting one-dimensional
geometry in the case of potentiostatic electrodeposition is verified. A very high interwire interaction resulting from magnetostatic
dipolar interactions between the nanowires is observed. An unusual low-temperature magnetisation switching for field parallel
to the wire axis is evident from the peculiar high field M(T) curve.
相似文献
We demonstrate the feasibility of using a carbon nanotube to nanopump molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations show that
the transport and ejection of a C20 molecule via a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) can be achieved by a sustained mechanical actuation driven by two oscillating
tips. The optimal condition for nanopumping is found when the tip oscillation frequency and magnitude correlate to form quasi
steady-state mechanical wave propagation in the SWNT, so that the energy transfer process is optimal leading to maximal molecular
translational motion and minimal rotational motion. Our finding provides a potentially useful mechanism for using an SWNT
as a vehicle to deliver large drug molecules.
相似文献
Tellurene, probably one of the most promising two-dimensional (2D) system in the thermoelectric materials, displays ultra-low thermal conductivity. However, a linear thickness-dependent thermal conductivity of unique tellurium nanoribbons in this study reveals that unprecedently low thermal conductivity can be achieved via well-defined nanostructures of low-dimensional tellurium instead of pursuing dimension-reduced 2D tellurene. For thinnest tellurium nanoribbon with thickness of 144 nm, the thermal conductivity is only ∼1.88 ± 0.22 W·m−1·K−1 at room temperature. It’s a dramatic decrease (45%), compared with the well-annealed high-purity bulk tellurium. To be more specific, an expected thermal conductivity of tellurium nanoribbons is even lower than that of 2D tellurene, as a result of strong phonon-surface scattering. We have faith in low-dimensional tellurium in which the thermoelectric performance could realize further breakthrough.