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油脂在储存过程中,其品质指标易受温度等因素的影响。将大豆原油和菜籽原油储存于室外地上和埋于室外地下的钢制储罐,定期取样测定油脂的水分及挥发物、酸值、过氧化值、色泽、挥发性成分、脂肪酸组成、反式脂肪酸含量、氧化稳定性及甾醇和维生素E含量,考察不同储油方式对大豆原油和菜籽原油品质的影响。结果表明:地下储油温度变化较小,基本在11~27℃之间,地上储油温度变化较大,最高接近45℃,最低接近0℃;地上、地下储油中均未检出反式脂肪酸,储油方式对油脂水分及挥发物、色泽、脂肪酸组成影响较小;储存12个月时,地上、地下储存大豆原油酸值升幅分别为83.3%、12.5%,地上、地下储存菜籽原油酸值升幅分别为86.4%、19.0%,地上、地下储存大豆原油过氧化值升幅分别为243%、218%,地上、地下储存菜籽原油过氧化值升幅分别为219%、167%;地下储油的氧化稳定性优于地上储油,地下储油对部分重要挥发性成分和甾醇、维生素E等油脂营养成分的的保留效果优于地上储油。总的来说,地下储油是良好的油脂品质保鲜技术,不但能控制氧化速率,对营养价值及风味的保持效果也较好。 相似文献
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浓香花生油储存期间的风味稳定性是评价其保质保鲜储存效果的重要指标。实验将浓香花生油分别储存于室外地上油罐和地下室油罐,储期18个月,期间自动检测和记录储油温度,定期取油样,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用仪(SPME-GC-MS)及气相-嗅闻仪(GC-O)对油样中挥发性风味成分进行检测和风味嗅闻评价,并对酸价和过氧化值及维生素E和甾醇含量进行检测,分析比较地下储存和地上储存对浓香花生油风味稳定性及综合品质影响的差异。结果表明:初始浓香花生油中共分离鉴定出9类64种挥发性风味成分,其中吡嗪类和醛类是含量最高也是对浓香花生油特征风味有重要影响的挥发性风味成分,经18个月储存,地下储油和地上储油中吡嗪类物质质量分数从初始的36.42%分别降低至29.08%、16.33%,醛类物质中苯乙醛质量分数从9.23%分别减少至1.29%、0.83%,而作为表征油脂氧化程度的己醛含量分别升高至初始值的2.10、6.40倍,地下储油能明显提高浓香花生油中正面属性挥发性风味成分的保留率、减少负面属性挥发性风味成分的生成,同时维生素E和甾醇损失率分别降低13.12%和9.06%,储油保质期延长8个月。与... 相似文献
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本研究对水酶法大豆油进行加热处理,并与其他不同种大豆油(一级大豆油、三级大豆油、压榨大豆油、溶剂浸提大豆油)进行对比,测定其酸价、过氧化值、p-茴香值、脂肪酸组成以及色泽,考察加热对大豆油品质特性的影响。实验表明:水酶法大豆油的氧化稳定性最好,而三级大豆油则最差。随着时间的延长,五种大豆油的酸价、过氧化值、p-茴香值均增大,五种大豆油多不饱和脂肪酸含量降低,饱和脂肪酸含量降低,加热8h后,水酶法大豆油、一级大豆油以及溶剂浸提大豆油的红值呈现增加的趋势,而三级大豆油和压榨大豆油的色泽却变浅。 相似文献
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研究大豆油(含0.02%TBHQ)在170℃、190℃、210℃条件下煎炸食品2、4、6h,油脂的酸值、过氧化值、p-茴香胺值、羰基值、维生素E、氧化脂肪酸、反式脂肪酸含量的变化;结果表明:煎炸温度越高、时间越长、油脂热氧化程度越大、理化特性变化及品质裂变程度越大.190、210℃煎炸6h,大豆油p-茴香胺值从原样0.36分别上升到156.3、175.8;羰基值达48.2、61.5 meq/kg;维生素E含量由89.5 mg/kg下降为8.3、5.19 mg/kg;反式脂肪酸含量由0.91%分别增加为1.76%、2.08%;氧化脂肪酸是原样0.92%的1.6倍和2.6倍以上;酸值由0.1 mgKOH/g增加到0.45、0.56 mgKOH/g.此研究结果说明:大豆油不宜在高于190℃以上的温度条件下长时间煎炸食品. 相似文献
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通过对大豆油的感官指标、理化指标及部分功能性成分的比较,研究不同种大豆油(水酶法提取大豆油、一级大豆油、三级大豆油、压榨大豆油、溶剂浸提大豆油)的品质差异。结果表明,水酶法大豆油的外观品质介于一级油与三级油之间;色泽处于二级油与三级油之间,折光率最高,密度处于一级油和三级油之间;水分及挥发物的含量和p-茴香值最高,碘价最低,酸价、过氧化值介于一级油和二级油之间;水酶法大豆油的亚麻酸未检出,其饱和脂肪酸含量最低,总不饱和脂肪酸含量最高,磷脂含量介于一级大豆油和三级大豆油之间。 相似文献
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通过设定不同温度、光强度、光波长、时间对大豆油进行脱色试验,对大豆油的过氧化值、酸价及色泽进行了测定,研究分析了大豆油过氧化值、酸价及色泽随温度、光强度、光波长及照射时间变化的基本规律.通过单因素及正交试验,VIS-450光照脱色的最优工艺条件:光通量2400 lm,温度35℃,时间3h,脱色率为53.2%.UV-365光照脱色的最优工艺条件:光通量2 400 lm,温度35℃,时间2h,脱色率为42.4%.结果表明:UV-365比VIS-450对大豆油品质劣变影响较大;VIS-450比UV-365对大豆油脱色率影响较大. 相似文献
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Tsung‐Shi Yang Yan‐Hwa Chu Tai‐Ti Liu 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2005,85(9):1587-1595
Soybean oil in the presence or absence of 200 µg g?1 tert‐butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) was subjected to accelerated oxidative storage at 60 °C for 10 days or stored at room temperature for 12 months. Tocopherol contents of the oil decreased, whereas the headspace volatiles and peroxide values (PV) increased as the storage time increased. During accelerated storage, TBHQ was effective in retarding the formation of hydroperoxides and headspace volatiles in the oil. TBHQ also protected tocopherols, especially α‐tocopherol, from oxidation. During long‐term room‐temperature (LTRT) storage, the changes in PV between the oils with and without TBHQ were similar, but the oil with TBHQ had lower headspace volatile contents than that without TBHQ. Headspace volatile analysis was more suitable than PV measurement for predicting the oxidative stability of soybean oil during LTRT storage. The contents of hexanal or (E)‐2‐heptenal in the oil at 1–5 days of accelerated storage could be used to predict those of the corresponding compound in the oil at 0–4 weeks of LTRT storage. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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The effects of 1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0% purified soybean oil and thermally oxidized soybean oil on the stability of 100 ppm β-carotene as a fat-soluble vitamin A and singlet oxygen quencher in isooctane have been studied. The samples were stored under 1000, 2000, or 4000 lx at 20 °C for 2 days and at 50 °C for 16 days in the dark. The β-carotene was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The centrifugation and filtration of vegetable mixture, during sample preparation for β-carotene analysis by HPLC, decreased the coefficient of variation from 4.13% to 1.02%. The purified soybean oil and thermally oxidized soybean oil stabilized β-carotene in isooctane under light and in the dark at α = 0.05. The losses of β-carotene, with 1.0% purified oil, 1.0% thermally oxidized oil and without any oil during 48 h under light, were 11.2%, 80%, and 100%, respectively. 100 ppm TBHQ had a protective effect on the stability of β-carotene in isooctane at α = 0.05. The β-carotene stability decreased as the light intensity increased from 1000 to 2000 or 4000 lx at α = 0.05. The stability of vitamins in fruit and vegetable drinks enriched with fat-soluble vitamins and antioxidants during storage can be greatly improved by adding approximately 1.0% high quality non-oxidized soybean oil. 相似文献
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为了对比分析不同储存温度及添加抗氧化剂对菜籽油挥发性成分及综合品质的影响,在45、25、15℃分别进行112、196、196 d的菜籽油储存试验,并在45、25℃设置添加TBHQ储存,定期取样对其理化指标、活性物质和挥发性成分含量进行检测分析。结果表明,在储存试验期间,5份菜籽油的酸价均未超出GB/T 1536—2021限量,45、25、15℃下空白菜籽油的过氧化值分别于28、84、168 d超出国标限量,而45、25℃下添加TBHQ菜籽油均未超标。菜籽油中维生素E和甾醇含量随储存温度升高降幅增大,添加TBHQ能减少维生素E和甾醇损失,但15℃不添加TBHQ储存比25、45℃添加TBHQ储存的减损效果更好。初始菜籽油中共检出6类挥发性成分,挥发性成分总量为3 623.82μg/kg,其中含量最高的是酚类,其次为醛类。储存112 d时,45℃空白、45℃添加TBHQ、25℃空白、25℃添加TBHQ菜籽油及15℃空白菜籽油中挥发性成分总量分别为3 987.63、9 788.14、2 192.65、5 235.95、3 338.79μg/kg,其中醛类物质含量分别升高至2 803.19、1 ... 相似文献
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番茄红素具有淬灭单线态氧和清除过氧化自由基、抑制脂质过氧化的功能,本研究在核桃油中添加0.005%的番茄红素,以同等添加量的TBHQ、BHT、BHA、α-生育酚为阳性对照,以不添加任何抗氧化剂的核桃油为空白对照,测定核桃油在贮藏过程中酸价和过氧化值的变化。结果表明:同等添加量的抗氧化剂在核桃油中抗氧化能力大小为:TBHQ>番茄红素>BHA>BHT>α-生育酚。为了进一步评价番茄红素对核桃油贮藏品质的影响,测定其在贮藏过程中δ-生育酚、总酚、角鲨烯、脂肪酸的含量变化。结果表明:在25 ℃避光贮藏150天后,添加0.005%番茄红素的核桃油样中δ-生育酚、总酚和角鲨烯的含量分别降低到33.76 mg/kg、200.54 mgGAE/kg、14.03 mg/kg,而未添加抗氧化剂的核桃油样中δ-生育酚、总酚和角鲨烯的含量分别降低到30.98 mg/kg、110.75 mgGAE/kg、13.83 mg/kg;5种脂肪酸的含量也发生了不同程度的变化。研究发现在核桃油中添加0.005%的番茄红素,可有效延缓油脂的氧化酸败,提高油脂中活性成分的保存率,有助于延长其贮藏和货架期。 相似文献
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不同成熟度国产大豆对大豆油脱胶工艺及其品质的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
不同成熟度大豆会直接影响大豆油的脱胶工艺及油脂品质.实验采用不同成熟度的国产大豆(青豆、熟豆),经粉碎、石油醚浸泡得到毛油,研究了不同种类的电解质(氢氧化钠、明矾、柠檬酸、磷酸、乙酸酐)在高温水化的脱胶条件下对该大豆毛油脱胶效果和油脂品质的影响.结果表明:柠檬酸、磷酸、乙酸酐可以有效地去除大豆毛油中的非水化磷脂,脱胶率为95%以上;脱胶后油脂的品质有了明显的改善.但是,在相同的脱胶条件下,脱胶青大豆油的非水化磷脂的绝对含量远远超过了熟大豆油,这加重了后续加工的负担;另外,脱胶青大豆油的品质也劣于熟大豆油. 相似文献
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选取不同加热温度、加热时间、加热次数为因素,以未添加抗氧化剂的菜籽油作为对照,测定样品的过氧化值、酸价,并对其进行感官评价,研究TBHQ对菜籽油热加工过程中品质的影响。结果表明:分别在140、160、180、200、220℃下对菜籽油加热0. 5 h时,添加TBHQ可显著降低其过氧化值(P=0. 011 8),但对酸价没有显著影响;在180℃下对菜籽油分别加热0. 5、1、1. 5、2、2. 5 h时,添加TBHQ可极显著降低其过氧化值(P=0. 003 6),但对酸价没有显著影响; 200℃下对菜籽油反复加热2~3次,每次加热0. 5 h,未添加TBHQ菜籽油过氧化值已经超过国标一级菜籽油限值,而添加TBHQ菜籽油过氧化值合格。在试验条件下,添加TBHQ对菜籽油感官品质均无明显影响。 相似文献
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Telingai Asap Mary Ann Augustin 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1986,37(10):1045-1051
Three different systems were used for the evaluation of the effect of frying oil quality and tertiarybutyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) on the shelf-life of fried potato crisps. Batches of potato slices were fried for 4 min at 30 min intervals over a period of 5 h day?1 for eight consecutive days in refined, bleached and deodorised palm olein (RBD olein) without antioxidant (system 1); RBD containing 200 μg g?1 TBHQ at the start of the experiment (system 2) and RBD olein which had TBHQ topped up to a level of 200 μg g?1 at the start of each frying day (system 3). Sensory evaluation of crisps showed that there is an initial rapid decrease in shelf-life with increase in fry number in all systems. There was only a comparatively smaller effect on shelf-life with increase in fry number in later fryings. When the shelf-life of crisps was related to the quality of oil in the frying medium, it was found that the shelf-life of the product is only slightly affected when the oil had deteriorated beyond the acceptable limit of quality of frying oil, where the acceptable limit was taken as 27-30% polar components and 1–2 mg potassium hydroxide g?1 oil. TBHQ does have a protective carry-through effect. The protective effect is more pronounced when TBHQ is topped up to a level of 200 μg g?1 at the beginning of each frying day. 相似文献