软件体系结构设计方法的研究及应用

提出了一种体系结构设计方法,把需求细分为功能需求和体系结构需求,迭代增量的构建软件体系结构,并采用开发者熟悉的UML机制来描述软件体系结构,最后结合C2软件体系结构风格在Microsoft商务参考体系结构(B2C电子商务)中进行了运用。     

面向不确定需求的适应性软件体系结构设计

需求不确定性是软件开发的主要风险来源之一。首先讨论了不确定需求的含义、产生的原因及其影响;然后分析了需求与软件体系结构的关系;指出了软件体系结构对满足需求和控制软件风险的重要性;提出了在不确定需求的情形下,需求分析与体系结构设计的协同建模方法及适应性软件体系结构的设计思想;论证了不确定需求情形下软件体系结构的演化过程,以保障生命周期内软件产品质量的开发思路。     

一种面向工程项目管理的新的软件体系结构

针对目前基于传统软件体系结构开发的项目管理软件难以有效满足项目管理实际需求,提出了一种适应于工程项目管理软件的新的软件体系结构,它融合了标准的基于J2EE框架的软件体系结构的优点,并采用了对象／关系数据映射、基于Java原生类的业务对象以及业务代理、适配器等先进软件技术。基于该软件体系结构开发的工程项目管理软件,已成功在某大型建筑工程中得到实施,表明了这种新的软件体系结构可以很好地满足工程项目管理的需求。     

J2EE应用模型中MVC软件体系结构的研究与应用

探讨了J2EE技术与MVC软件体系结构，在J2EE企业应用开发中，采用MVC软件体系结构能够简化软件开发，提高软件的性能和可维护性，结合软件过程管理系统的开发阐述了MVC体系结构在实际项目中的应用。     

高阶类型化软件体系结构建模和验证及案例

根据权威统计数据，软件测试中发现的70%以上的错误由需求获取或体系结构设计引起.因此，应用软件体系结构在设计阶段的正确性验证非常重要.现有的软件体系结构设计方法不支持需求满足验证，需求满足验证需要其他验证工具的支持.面向主流Web应用软件的体系结构设计及其需求满足验证，提出了一种高阶类型化软件体系结构建模和验证语言（SAML）与软件体系结构建模和验证方法（SAMM）.SAML语言通过定义类型和项的语法及语义，描述软件体系结构中类型和对象的构造，通过定义类型规则及其类型检查算法来判定Γ|-t：T和Γ|-R（T₁，T₂）是否成立.SAMM给出了软件体系结构建模范式，包括构建接口类型M_cls（type interface）、组件M_cmpt（component）、容器M_cont（container）、框M_frm（frame）和框架M_frwk（framework）这5层建模过程，以及生成层内与层间类型之间关系对应的类型规则，同时定义了接口类型方法调用图（G_SA）用以刻画软件体系结构设计要求，定义了类型序列及其正确性用以刻画需求期望的性质，并给出了相应的验证算法.设计实现了基于该方法的原型工具系统SAMVS，其中，模型编辑环境支持应用软件的设计过程，验证环境支持设计满足需求的自动化验证.通过一个实际案例，完成了一个较大规模"互联网+"应用软件系统的体系结构建模和验证.     

一种基于PLM系统的软件体系结构风格的研究

一个良好的软件体系结构对一个应用软件系统起着决定性的作用.软件体系结构风格决定着一个系统的软件体系结构.本文通过比较C/S和正交两种常见的软件体系结构风格,指出这两种体系结构风格可以混合使用,并给出基于PLM系统的实例.     

并行自动测试系统软件体系结构建模

针对并行自动测试系统软件开发难度大的问题,对其软件体系结构进行研究,提出层次化风格的并行自动测试系统软件体系结构及五视图的软件体系结构描述模型,建立该软件体系结构的需求功能视图、框架视图、静态结构视图、动态过程视图和物理实现视图。该描述模型可以对并行自动测试系统的软件体系结构进行全面的分析,有利于指导系统的实际开发。     

多媒体教学软件体系结构的设计

基于体系结构的软件开发正逐步成为主流开发方法,本文介绍了几种成熟的软件体系结构,并以多媒体教学软件体系结构的设计为例深入研究了体系结构设计的方法,同时实现了一个具有实用价值的多媒体教学软件体系结构。     

基于C/S与B/S混合结构的高职院校教务和教学管理系统的应用研究

该文在对Client/Server(即客户机/服务器,以下简称C/S)体系结构和Browser/Server(即浏览器/服务器,以下简称B/S)体系结构各自优缺点进行比较和分析的基础上,提出了将C/S和B/S两种体系结构相结合而形成的混合软件体系结构,论述了其在软件开发中的优势和劣势,觉得两者的混合体系结构模式更适用于如高职院校的教学和教务管理系统等复杂系统软件的开发。通过对其在高职院校信息化教学和教务管理系统中的应用研究,进一步剖析了混合软件体系结构的系统软件的突出特点及其在特定领域中的开发模式。     

基于SSM的软件体系结构开发过程研究

软件体系结构开发过程和软件体系结构产品是软件体系结构时空的外在表现,软件体系结构的开发过程直接影响着软件体系结构的质量;在基于SSM的SA开发过程循环图的指导下,文中系统分析了体系结构相关的设计、测试、评估等活动之间的联系,并设计出一种新的体系结构开发过程模型——多三角体系结构开发过程模型,充分体现出尽早测评、全面测评、全过程测评、独立的迭代测评的特点,从而以合理的过程指导优质体系结构的设计。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.