基于上行非正交多址接入技术的星空地融合网络性能分析

针对光电混合的星空地融合网络上行链路,该文研究了多天线波束成形技术和上行非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术相结合的系统遍历和速率性能。首先,在无人机采用多天线和上行NOMA技术条件下,为实现系统和速率最大化,提出了一种基于统计信道状态信息的波束成形方案。接着,假设卫星-无人机链路采用自由空间光链路且服从伽马-伽马衰落,无人机-地面用户链路采用射频链路且服从相关瑞利衰落,推导了系统和速率的闭合表达式。最后,通过数值仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。仿真结果表明,与正交多址接入(OMA)方案相比,所提方案提高了系统性能,并且与基准波束成形(BF)方案相比,所提方案具有更好的性能优势。     

基于混合光电传输的无人机中继通信系统性能分析

针对基于光电混合架构的无人机中继通信系统下行链路多用户传输场景,提出了一种基于统计信道状态信息的波束成形方案,并进一步分析了系统的中断概率。在该混合架构中,基站—无人机链路和无人机—用户链路采用自由空间光技术和射频传输完成通信过程。在已知RF链路统计信道状态信息的情况下,首先提出了一种波束成形方案以抑制用户间干扰,实现所有用户同时通信,提升了系统的频谱效率。然后,在自由空间光链路和射频链路分别服从Gamma-Gamma分布和Nakagami-m分布的条件下,推导出了系统中断概率的闭合表达式。进一步,得到了高信噪比条件下中断概率的渐进表达式,获得了系统的分集度。最后,仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性以及所提方案的优越性。     

基于NOMA的星地协作网络性能分析

随着星地融合网络的不断发展,如何进一步提高有限的卫星资源利用率,受到了国内外专家学者的广泛关注。因此,提出了一种基于非正交多址(Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access,NOMA)技术的星地协作网络传输方案。首先,假设卫星与用户之间不存在直传链路,中继节点以译码转发(Decode-and-Forward,DF)方式实现卫星与用户间的协作通信;其次,根据卫星信道服从阴影莱斯分布、地面信道服从Nakagami-m信道的情况,推导出用户中断概率的精确表达式、高信噪比下的近似表达式和系统遍历容量;最后,通过仿真验证理论推导的正确性和将NOMA技术引入星地协作网络的优越性。     

基于门限判断DF协议的多无人机中继传输中断性能分析

UAV（unmanned aerial vehicle,无人机）中继系统作为远距离数据传输的一种有效手段,成为当前无线通信领域的一个研究热点。首先在考虑路径损耗等实际参数的前提下,建立了基于多个UAV的中继协作传输系统模型,得到采用门限判断 DF（decode-and-forward,译码转发）协议时系统的最大输出 SNR （signal-to-noise ratio,信噪比）表达式。接着,假设上行链路和下行链路均服从Rician分布,推导出多UAV中继传输系统的中断概率闭合表达式,并且进一步得到了高信噪比条件下中断概率的渐近表达式、系统的分集度和阵列增益,为分析系统参数对中断性能的影响提供了更加便捷的方法。最后,计算机仿真验证了理论分析的正确性,并且定量分析了无人机中继个数、配置的天线数目以及中断阈值对系统中断性能的影响,为实际的系统设计和应用提供参考。     

同信道干扰条件下的多天线放大转发中继中断概率分析

该文研究了基于波束形成技术的双跳多输入多输出(MIMO)放大转发(AF)中继系统的中断概率,该系统在发射端、中继端和接收端都配置了多根天线。假设每条链路的发射端采用最大比传输(MRT)技术,接收端采用最大合并比(MRC)技术,该文得出了中继端受到同信道干扰时的信干噪比(SINR),推导了基于固定增益中继方案的中断概率(OP)闭合表达式。计算机仿真结果不仅验证了性能分析的有效性,而且还分析了关键参数对系统性能的影响以及配置多天线带来的好处。     

IRS辅助的星地融合认知网络中断性能分析

分析了智能反射面（IRS）辅助的星地融合认知网络系统的中断性能。首先,针对卫星采用点波束技术服务地球站,而基站通过智能反射面扩大通信范围,并采用非正交多址接入（NOMA）技术服务多用户场景,在系统采用认知无线电技术来实现卫星主网络与地面次级网络之间频谱共享的情况下,建立以地面用户平均信干噪比最大化为目标的优化问题;其次,基于角度域的信道状态信息提出了一种低复杂度的IRS相移设计方案,从而得到智能反射面相移矩阵;接着,分别推导出地面用户在固定和移动2种情况下的中断概率闭合表达式。为了进一步分析系统性能,推导了高信噪比条件下系统的中断概率近似表达式。最后,计算机仿真验证了中断概率表达式的正确性,并分析了主要参数对系统性能的影响。     

非理想硬件条件下协作NOMA系统安全中断性能研究

实际收发设备的非理想硬件(RHI,Residual Hardware Impairment)特性会对协作非正交多址接入(NOMA,Non?Orthogonal Multiple Access)系统性能产生重要影响.因此,本文提出了基于RHI的下行链路单窃听多中继协作NOMA系统模型,推导了联合考虑合法链路和窃听链路使目标信噪比最大化(M?LaE?SNR,Maximized SNR for Legiti-mate and Eavesdropping link)中继传输方案下的安全中断概率闭合表达式和渐近表达式.分析和仿真结果表明,所提M?LaE?SNR方案相比其他方案可有效提高用户的安全中断性能,且中继数越多所提方案性能优势越明显;同时RHI使得系统安全传输性能降低,且RHI对性能的影响程度主要与主链路信噪比以及协作中继个数有关;且不同节点处的RHI对系统安全性能造成的影响程度不同.研究结果还证明了用户的安全分集阶数等于中继数量K.     

多用户多中继系统下协作NOMA的中断性能

在基于非正交多址接入技术(NOMA)的多用户多中继协作中继网络中,为优先满足混叠信号中的时延敏感信息的服务质量(QoS)需求,对功率因子进行了简单分析,进而找到了关于信道增益的解码限制条件。在给定中继的情况下,根据解码限制条件建立用户集合,进而找到可以使高QoS信号速率最大化的用户中继对作为最佳“用户-中继”来传递信号。并且对该“用户-中继”选择方案下的系统中断概率的表达式进行推导并求出了其渐进式。仿真结果验证了推导结果的正确性,系统的中断概率随着节点数目的增多而降低,而当信噪比趋于无穷时,系统的分集增益取决于用户数目和中继数目。且与已有文献进行对比,本文提出的用户中继匹配方案的中断性能相对较好。     

Underlay协同频谱共享系统中基于SDF-DZFB的物理层安全传输

协同中继传输不仅能改善认知用户的传输可靠性,而且也能增强认知用户物理层安全性。针对Underlay模式下多中继协同频谱共享认知无线网络,本文设计了基于选择译码转发和分布式迫零波束成形（SDF-DZFB）的物理层安全传输方案,其中,假设存在单个被动窃听节点窃听中继节点的发送信号,在认知用户发送端同时考虑峰值干扰温度约束和最大发射功率约束,中继和认知用户目的端都受到主用户干扰。在此情况下,分析了认知用户发送端分别到目的端（称为主链路）和到窃听节点（称为窃听链路）的等效信干噪比的统计特性,进而推导出系统安全中断概率性能的闭式表达式。为了揭示所提物理层安全传输方案的安全分集度性能,本文进一步分析了高信噪比条件下安全中断概率的渐近表达式。计算机仿真验证了本文的理论分析结果。      

基于双向中继和网络编码的NOMA网络性能分析

针对实际场景中存在的具有上下行双向传输任务的通信系统,本文提出了一种双向中继协作非正交多址接入(NOMA, non-orthogonal multiple access)传输方案,基于解码转发(DF, Decode and Forward)协议研究信号的上行和下行双向传输技术,与现有NOMA方案不同,本方案为近端用户分配较大的功率,利用网络编码(NC, network coding)原理在两个时隙内实现基站和用户之间的双向信息交换。进一步考虑不完美信道状态信息(CSI, Channel State Information)条件,分析系统的传输性能并推导了系统中断概率以及遍历和速率闭合表达式。仿真结果表明,在完美CSI和不完美CSI条件下,相比于现有文献所提方案、单向中继(OWR,One-Way Relay)和正交多址(OMA, Orthogonal Multiple Access)网络,本文所提方案有效降低了系统的传输中断概率,提高了系统的遍历和速率以及系统吞吐量。      

On the secrecy performance of integrated satellite‐aerial‐terrestrial networks

This paper investigates secure transmission of an integrated satellite‐aerial‐terrestrial network (ISATN), where multiple eavesdroppers (Eves) attempt to overhear the satellite signals cooperatively. The ISATN adopts an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with multiple antennas as a relay with threshold‐based decode‐and‐forward (DF) protocol. By assuming that perfect instantaneous channel state information (CSI) of the satellite‐UAV link and the statistical CSI of the UAV‐user link are available, we first propose a beamforming (BF) scheme for maximizing the achievable secrecy rate (ASR) of the considered network. Then, we derive the analytical expressions of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and ergodic secrecy rate (ESR) of the considered system with the BF strategy under an assumption that the satellite‐UAV link undergoes the shadowed‐Rician fading, while the UAV‐user link experiences the correlated Rayleigh fading. Finally, numerical results are given to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed BF scheme against zero forcing (ZF) and maximal ratio transmission (MRT) schemes and the validity of the secrecy performance analysis.     

Performance analysis of SWIPT-assisted adaptive NOMA/OMA system with hardware impairments and imperfect CSI

This paper investigates the effect of hardware impairments (HIs) and imperfect channel state information (ICSI) on a SWIPT-assisted adaptive nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA)/orthogonal multiple access (OMA) system over independent and nonidentical Rayleigh fading channels. In the NOMA mode, the energy-constrained near users act as a relay to improve the performance for the far users. The OMA transmission mode is adopted to avoid a complete outage when NOMA is infeasible. The best user selection scheme is considered to maximize the energy harvested and avoid error propagation. To characterize the performance of the proposed systems, closed-form and asymptotic expressions of the outage probability for both near and far users are studied. Moreover, exact and approximate expressions of the ergodic rate for near and far users are investigated. Simulation results are provided to verify our theoretical analysis and confirm the superiority of the proposed NOMA/OMA scheme in comparison with the conventional NOMA and OMA protocol with/without HIs and ICSI.     

Exploiting cooperative diversity with non-orthogonal multiple access over slow fading channel

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has attracted a significant attention to the research community as a potential candidate for 5G or future radio access. This article presents a NOMA-based cooperative network where a transmitter considered as a base station communicates simultaneously with two users treating as a far user and a near user via the help of a half-duplex decode-and-forward relay. We investigate the outage probability and the outage capacity of the proposed network over independent Rayleigh slow fading channels. Closed-form expressions of the outage probabilities are derived for both users. Approximate outage capacity of the users are also investigated at high signal to noise ratio regime. It has been shown that the proposed cooperative NOMA can achieve superior performance compared to the non-cooperative NOMA in terms of outage probability. The tightness between the simulation and theoretical results confirms the efficiency of the proposed protocol.     

Outage analysis of SWIPT‐based full‐duplex cognitive NOMA downlink system over Nakagami‐m fading channels

Cognitive nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique allows multiple users to share the same time and same frequency resources to fulfil the reliability and spectral efficiency requirements of 5G communication standards. In this paper, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT)–based full‐duplex cognitive NOMA downlink system is proposed. In this system, secondary source (SS) serves as a relay to far primary user as there is no direct link from the primary source. NOMA technique is used at SS to transmit information to far primary user and secondary user. The time switching mechanism is adopted at SS for harvesting energy and information decoding. Analytical closed‐form expressions are derived for the outage probabilities of both primary and secondary users. Outage analysis is carried out in Nakagami‐ fading environment in the presence of self‐interference at SS. In addition to that, the optimal harvesting time to maximize the instantaneous throughput of the far primary user is also derived. Numerical results are plotted to validate the derived expressions. It is inferred that the outage probability of the proposed system depends on the fading environment, harvesting parameters, and self‐interference at SS.     

Performance analysis of nonorthogonal multiple access‐based underlay cognitive relay network

This paper considers cooperative non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme in an underlay cognitive radio (CR) network. A single‐cell downlink cooperative NOMA system has been considered for the secondary network, consisting of a base station (BS) and two secondary users, ie, a far user and a near user. The BS employs NOMA signaling to send messages for the two secondary users where the near user is enabled to act as a half‐duplex decode‐and‐forward (DF) relay for the far user. We derive exact expressions for the outage probability experienced by both the users and the outage probability of the secondary system assuming the links to experience independent, nonidentically distributed Rayleigh fading. Further, we analyze the ergodic rates of both the users and the ergodic sum rate of the secondary network. The maximum transmit power constraint of the secondary nodes and the tolerable interference power constraint at the primary receiver are considered for the analysis. Further, the interference caused by the primary transmitter (PT) on the secondary network is also considered for the analysis. The performance of the proposed CR NOMA network has been observed to be significantly better than a CR network that uses conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme. The analytical results are validated by extensive simulation studies.     

Outage analysis of opportunistic multi-antenna relay selection in decode-and-forward relay networks

This article studies the closed-form expressions of outage performance for opportunistic relay under aggregate power constraint in decode-and-forward(DF)relay networks over Rayleigh fading channels,assuming that multiple antennas are available at the relay node.According to whether instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)or average SNR can be utilized for relay selection,two opportunistic relay schemes,opportunistic multi-antenna relay selection(OMRS)and average best relay selection(ABRS)are proposed.The performances of both two schemes are evaluated by means of theoretical analysis and simulation.It is observed that OMRS is outage-optimal among multi-antenna relay selection schemes and closely approaches the beamforming(BF)scheme known as theoretical outage-optimal.Compared with previous single-antenna opportunistic relaying(OR)scheme,OMRS brings remarkable performance improvement,which is obtained from maximum ratio combining(MRC)and beamforming techniques.It is also shown that the performance of ABRS in asymmetric channels is close to OMRS in the low and median SNR range.     

Impact of fixed power allocation in wireless energy harvesting NOMA networks

The time switching‐based relaying (TSR) scheme is considered in energy harvesting protocol to implement with its advantage to nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. In particular, decode‐and‐forward (DF) mode is proposed to employ in relay to forward signal to serve two far NOMA users. There are two main metrics including outage probability and ergodic rate, which are derived in exact expressions with respect to varying performance under impacts of energy harvesting fractions. To evaluate system performance, outage event and related capacity are illustrated, and we tailor performance gap among two NOMA users and such gap can be controlled by selecting of appropriate power allocation factors assigned for each user to obtain optimal performance. By examining node arrangement, target rates and varying transmit signal to noise ratio (SNR), it can be further achieved performance in several situations of such NOMA. As important result, the considered NOMA system outperforms than the conventional multiple access scheme, and this expected result is confirmed in numerical result and theoretical results. We also explore impacts of transmit power at source, noise power, the other key parameters of energy harvesting scheme to exhibit outage, and ergodic performance. Simulation results are presented to corroborate the proposed methodology.     

Performance analysis of cooperative multi‐carrier relay‐based UAV networks over generalized fading channels

The outage probability in a network of cooperative unmanned airborne vehicles (UAVs) over generalized fading channels is studied analytically using finite mixture with expectation maximization technique. A relay‐based topology with one ground control unit (GCU) is considered, where the cooperative UAVs can communicate with the GCU directly or through relay. The application the UAV is assigned for specifies the minimum required transmission rate the UAV should achieve. The outage probability of the system is defined as the probability that either the transmission rate over any of the links drops below a predefined minimum threshold for that link or the Relay‐GCU link is not able to transmit the aggregate data from all relayed UAVs and the minimum rate required by the relay UAV itself. Throughout the paper, expressions for the outage probability and the average achievable bit rate of a cooperative multi‐carrier system are derived over generalized fading channels. Finite mixture with expectation maximization algorithm is utilized to derive a simple approximate expression for the probability density function (pdf) of the achievable bit rate assuming adaptive M‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M‐QAM). This pdf is used to derive closed‐form expressions for the outage probability and the average bit rate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.