基于区域增长校正的频域盲源分离排序算法

卷积盲源分离可以在频域得到有效解决,但频域盲源分离必须解决排序模糊问题。该文提出一种基于区域增长校正的频域盲源分离排序算法。首先对卷积混合信号短时傅里叶变换,在频域的各个频点处建立瞬时模型进行独立分量分析,在此基础上使用分离信号功率比的相关性,对所有频点进行逐点排序置换。其次根据阈值将排序后的结果划分为若干个小区域。最后按区域增长方式进行区域置换与合并,最终得到正确的分离信号。区域增长校正可最大限度地减少频点排序错误扩散现象,从而改善分离效果。在模拟和真实环境中分别进行语音盲源分离实验,结果表明所提算法的有效性。

     

基于性能权重聚类的频域盲分离排序算法

卷积混合盲源分离可以在频域得到有效解决，但频域盲分离必须要解决排序模糊性问题。本文提出了一种基于性能权重聚类的频域盲分离排序算法，该算法利用聚类来得到顺序参考，对各频点上分离信号的准确性进行计算，根据分离结果的准确性予以不同频点不同的聚类权重，从而提高聚类结果的可靠性。通过对频点进行分段处理可以有效抑制排序错误的传播，提高算法性能。最后通过多组仿真实验验证了基于性能权重聚类的频域盲分离排序算法的普适性与性能上的优越性，同时也探究了接收端个数对算法性能的影响。仿真结果表明本文提出的基于性能权重聚类的频域盲分离排序算法相较于传统的幅度相关性排序算法在信干比上会有2 dB左右的提升。接收天线数越多，算法分离性能越好。     

基于邻近频点相关特性的水声信号盲源分离

排序和幅度不一致性是信号频域盲源分离的主要困难。该文建立了邻近频点相关特性理论,并针对水声信号进行深入研究,结论表明单个水声信号邻近频点间相关特性良好,且性能非常稳定;而两个不同水声信号邻近频点相关性非常弱。提出基于邻近频点相关特性的盲源分离算法,用于消除卷积信号盲源分离过程中排序不确定性,实验表明该方法对卷积混合形式的水声信号能取得较好分离效果。     

基于相邻频点幅度相关的语音信号盲源分离

排序和幅度不一致性是在频域进行信号盲源分离的主要困难。针对语音信号邻近频点间信号幅度相关性能良好这一特点，本文提出基于相邻频点间幅度相天的盲源分离算法，用以消除卷积信号盲源分离过程中排序不确定性。本算法理论简单，稳健性好。仿真结果表明该方法对卷积混合后的语音信号能得到较好的分离效果，并且耗时较短。     

利用时频域稀疏性的LFM信号盲源分离方法

信号分离是雷达电子对抗的重要环节。考虑到雷达信号在时频域具有稀疏性的特点,在独立分量分析的基础上,提出了一种基于时频域稀疏性的线性调频雷达信号盲源分离方法。首先对混合信号进行短时傅里叶变换,在每个频点利用自然梯度算法分离信号,由分离信号幅度的比值作为对源信号后验概率的估计;然后根据相邻频点后验概率序列的相关性进行排序,确保各个频点的分离信号属于同一个源信号;最后设计时频掩码分离信号。进行了线性调频雷达信号卷积混合的盲分离实验,所提方法分离结果明显优于传统独立分量分析方法的分离结果,验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于单个频点的水声信号盲源分离

该文提出基于单个频点的卷积信号盲源分离方法,利用该方法不但可以有效克服频域盲分离过程中排序不确定问题,而且在分离过程中,无需考虑幅度不一致问题。将该方法用于水声信号的盲分离,仿真结果表明基于单个频点盲源分离方法能够很好地分离水声卷积混合信号。与基于两个频点盲源分离方法相比较,其分离效果更优,并且能有效节省CPU运算时间,因而更适合于对信号进行实时处理。     

一种有效的语音信号盲分离方法

频域盲语音信号分离存在着排序模糊问题,提出一种基于相邻频点幅度相关和DOA估计相结合的解排序模糊方法,并且通过对一系列预处理（白化）、独立分量分析和后处理算法的优化和有机组合,很好地实现了卷积混合语音信号的盲分离。用真实录制的语音信号进行了仿真实验,恢复出来的源信号的信干比较分离之前提高了约13dB,证明了算法的有效性。     

基于复Givens矩阵与蝙蝠优化的卷积盲分离算法

针对传统卷积混合盲分离待求参数多、分离效果易受分离矩阵初值影响的局限性,提出了基于复Givens矩阵与蝙蝠优化的频域求解算法。算法采用复Givens矩阵表示分离矩阵,减少了待求参数,降低了求解难度和计算量。利用蝙蝠算法代替梯度算法优化求解旋转角度完成各频点线性瞬时混合复信号的盲分离,全局收敛性更强。此外,由于对源信号的先验知识要求较少,可以分离服从多种分布的信号。仿真实验表明,该算法可有效地实现卷积混合盲分离。     

宽带恒定束宽盲波束形成算法

针对传统盲源分离算法对宽带阵列信号适用性较差的问题,提出一种基于时频分析的宽带恒定束宽盲波束形成算法。该算法首先将接收信号变换到时频域上并提取出单源点。然后,对单源点聚类并求解信号在不同频点上的导向矢量。最后,通过提出一种信号来向未知的空间响应变化约束方法,实现宽带恒定束宽盲波束形成。该算法避免了将宽带盲波束形成转换为卷积混合的盲源分离,因而不存在时域盲源分离算法中系统参数随滤波器阶数急剧增加的问题,也不存在频域算法中排序和幅度模糊的问题。仿真结果表明,算法能够较好地实现宽带信号的盲分离,且输出信干噪比高于时域、频域以及时频域盲源分离算法,实测数据的处理结果验证了该算法的实用性。      

基于子空间分解的多通道盲解卷积算法

针对卷积混合信号,提出了一种新的多通道盲解卷积算法,该算法首先利用子空间分解方法,将信号卷积混合模型变换成线性混合模型,然后利用线性混合盲分离算法分离出源信号.该算法相对频域盲解卷积算法来说无需解决线性混合盲分离中存在的幅度和排列顺序的模糊性问题,而且该算法不要求信号独立同分布,只要求各源信号统计独立即可.因此,该算法可以直接在中频对观察信号进行处理.计算机仿真结果表明,该算法不仅能对不同频不同调制方式的通信信号进行盲解卷积,而且对同频同调制的通信信号,该算法同样有效.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.