一种相贯线埋弧焊接机器人的结构优化设计

为了使相贯线埋弧焊接机器人具有更好的运动学和动力学性能,结合机械结构特点和动力学性能,按照由下而上的设计方法,优化设计了一种相贯线埋弧焊接机器人。利用UG软件完成了三维建模,并通过ADAMS软件进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明：该方法提高了系统的整体性能,为其他相关机器人结构和驱动装置的优化设计提供了参考。     

基于多体动力学的折边机电机选型及实验验证

为保证数控折边机所用驱动电机能正常工作又不存在性能浪费,根据驱动轴的运动学、动力学特性,提出一种全面、准确、实用的电机选型方法。针对一款数控折边机,采用多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS建立其多体动力学模型。根据七段式S形加减速曲线,利用MATLAB对数控折边机的模尖进行运动规划,结合运动规划和ADAMS建立的多体动力学模型得到驱动轴的转速和负载扭矩。从峰值转速、扭矩、热平衡、惯量匹配及扭矩转速特性曲线四方面进行电机选型,并进行实验验证。结果表明：所提方法在保证折边机工作效率的同时能充分发挥电机性能。     

三自由度螺栓拆卸机械手的设计及动力学分析

设计一种在核环境下工作的螺栓拆卸机械手,该机械手末端执行器上装载了液压驱动的拆卸螺栓的扳手头,机械手可驱动扳手头在空间实现三自由度运动。建立、求解其动力学方程,并分析其动力学性能;通过Laplace变换建立机械手的传递函数模型,设计相应的补偿重力影响的PD控制系统。建立该螺栓拆卸机械手的联合仿真模型,进行动力学仿真。仿真结果为机构系统优化设计和样机制造提供参考。     

基于MATLAB/Simulink的机床进给传动系统建模仿真

根据机械动力学原理建立了机床进给传动系统的数学模型，利用MATLAB软件中的动态仿真工具Simulink构建了直流电机驱动进给传动系统的仿真模型，获得了反映系统性能的仿真曲线。对仿真结果及传动精度进行了分析，并给出了提高传动系统性能的措施。为机械传动系统的设计、参数的选择以及性能的改进提供了理论依据。     

小型风电塔筒检测机器人设计与运动性能分析

介绍一种小型爬壁机器人,用于风电塔筒的检测,以实现难以人工检测的风电塔筒的快速检测。对机器人的整体结构进行了设计,对机器人的吸附结构进行了计算和仿真。对机器人进行动力学分析,验证驱动力矩的计算结果。对机器人进行动力学仿真,确定驱动机构输出转矩的平稳性。通过实验验证了机器人能够在塔筒表面安全稳定地运行。     

电-液混合驱动的步态模拟系统中非固定Stewart平台的逆动力学分析

针对足踝复合体在步态过程中生物力学特性的研究需求,设计一种基于非固定Stewart平台的电-液混合驱动的六自由度步态模拟系统。利用液压系统驱动Stewart平台的基座,拓展了平台在矢状面内沿步态前-后向的工作空间。对传统的基于牛顿-欧拉法(N-E法)的并联机构逆动力学建模方法进行优化,充分考虑了基座运动所引起的惯性力,完成了非固定Stewart平台的动力学建模。对典型步态模拟过程中非固定Stewart平台在足踝生物力学作用下的动力学特性进行了对比仿真,验证了所提出的建模方法的有效性。     

基于驱动单元能量匹配方法的液压系统动态性能分析

基于变频异步电机和变量柱塞泵能量转换效率模型,提出一种驱动单元能量匹配的节能方法,以驱动单元的输出效率最优为目标,通过联合控制驱动单元中电机的转速和柱塞泵的排量,达到匹配负载能量需求的目的。为进一步研究能量匹配方法的动态响应性能,结合功率键合图对采用能量匹配方法的液压系统驱动单元进行建模,对其输出压力响应进行仿真实验并与常规驱动方式的输出响应对比,结果表明该方法具有良好的响应特性。     

数控机床回转工作台动态性能分析与仿真

采用机械动力学原理建立数控机床回转工作台传动系统的数学模型,利用MATLAB软件的动态仿真工具箱Sim-ulink构造交流伺服电机驱动回转工作台传动系统的仿真模型,获得了反映数控回转工作台动态性能的时域和频域特性仿真曲线,通过仿真结果对系统的快速性和稳定性进行了分析,同时考虑齿轮以及蜗轮蜗杆传动间隙对传动精度的影响,给出了提高数控回转工作台动态性能的措施.为数控回转工作台进给伺服系统的设计、参数选择以及性能优化提供了理论依据.     

基于ADAMS的滚柱直线导轨副的动态仿真

针对于高速重载滚柱直线导轨副实际使用中存在的问题,以滚柱直线导轨结构设计和性能为分析重点,应用机械动力学理论、多体动力学理论及虚拟样机技术,在虚拟样机技术分析软件AD-AMS环境下对滚柱直线导轨副进行动态仿真研究,建立结构参数及性能与仿真输出结果联系,对结构参数进行优化设计,提高滚柱直线导轨设计效率及产品性能.     

舵机传动系统动力学联合仿真建模及实验研究

全电/多电飞行器舵机传动系统由电动舵机、传动机构、舵面以及控制系统所组成,其性能对飞行器的动态飞行品质和控制精度具有重要影响。根据电动舵机（EMA）结构组成,建立其系统动力学方程,并基于AMESim软件通过图形化建模方式建立其动力学模型。基于Virtual Lab Motion软件建立传动机构动力学模型,此模型考虑了含间隙非线性接触碰撞效应、构件弹性变形和舵面负载等因素的影响。基于Coupled主从耦合联合仿真方式,建立舵机传动系统联合仿真模型。基于综合性能实验台开展了舵机扫频实验,并与仿真结果进行对比。结果表明：仿真结果与实验结果误差较小,验证了舵机传动系统联合仿真模型的正确性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.