利用碳纤维原丝废丝制备离子液体固载催化剂

在工业中,醇氧化成醛是一个重要的反应,目前以离子液体负载小分子有机催化剂对醇的均相氧化研究较多,但其可回收再利用性较低。以聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维原丝废丝为原料,通过对废丝的处理,将其作为离子液体的阴离子,并成功将离子液体负载于PAN基碳纤维原丝废丝上,实现了在非均相反应中的均相反应,并为方便分离催化剂和重复利用催化剂提供了一种可能。     

Intrinsic Kinetics of Esterification of Fatty Acids Catalyzed by Supported Ionic Liquid Catalysts

Esterification of palm fatty acid distillate with methanol was investigated for intrinsic kinetics and regarding the effect of catalyst loading, temperature, and methanol to feed molar ratio using ionic liquid acidic catalysts covalently attached to a polystyrene support. The kinetic parameters of the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood‐Hougan‐Watson model of the reaction are determined for comparison with those using p‐toluenesulfonic acid and methanesulfonic acid as homogeneous catalysts considering the phase split of the reaction mixture into two liquid phases during the reaction. The intrinsic parameters could predict the dynamic behavior of the system under various operating conditions.     

Facile Preparation of Ionic Liquid Functionalized Magnetic Nano-Solid Acid Catalysts for Acetalization Reaction

The facile two-step preparation procedure of a novel magnetic nano-solid acid catalyst is described, which includes grafting an ionic liquid onto Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, followed by the sulfonation of phenyl groups in the ionic liquid. The catalytic performance of this novel material has been systematically studied in the acetal formation of benzaldehyde and ethylene glycol. The experimental results testify this catalyst possesses high catalytic activity with a yield of 97% under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, the catalyst is readily separated using a permanent magnet and it is reusable without any significant decrease in catalytic activity.     

Continuous Gas‐Phase Hydroformylation of 1‐Butene using Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalysts

The concept of supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysis has been extended to 1‐butene hydroformylation. A rhodium‐sulfoxantphos complex was dissolved in [BMIM][n‐C₈H₁₇OSO₃] and this solution was highly dispersed on silica. Continuous gas‐phase experiments in a fixed‐bed reactor revealed these SILP catalysts to be highly active, selective and long‐term stable. Kinetic data have been acquired by variation of temperature, pressure, syngas composition, substrate and catalyst concentration. A linear dependency in rhodium concentration could be established over a large concentration range giving another excellent hint for truly homogeneous catalysis in the SILP system. Compared to former studies using propene, the SILP system showed significantly higher activity and selectivity with 1‐butene as feedstock. These findings could be elucidated by solubility measurements using a magnetic microbalance.     

合成生物柴油单核咪唑碱性离子液体催化剂的研究

文章合成了[Bmim]Im,ChIm与[N4222]Im三种单核咪唑碱性离子液体,采用红外、1H NMR、热重对其进行了表征分析。对三种离子液体催化大豆油酯交换合成生物柴油的活性进行了考察,结果发现[Bmim]Im碱性离子液体具有较高的催化活性。同时,对其酯交换相界面反应机理进行了探讨。     

负载型Ru催化剂的制备及加氢性能

通过Ru固载同水滑石修饰的Al2O3（HTc-Al2O3）合成的同步化，制得Ru-HTc-Al2O3，对其进行XRD、ICP-AES、SEM、HRTEM、BET、NH3-TPD和XPS表征，并将其用于对苯二甲酸二甲酯催化加氢制取1,4-环己烷二甲酸二甲酯。以溶液浸渍法制得Ru/HTc-Al2O3和Ru/Al2O3对照。结果表明：相较于Ru/Al2O3和Ru/HTc-Al2O3，Ru-HTc-Al2O3具有更大的比表面积（105.4 m2/g）；其大粒径Ru粒子的形成和Ru的损失受到明显抑制、Ru粒子尺寸分布集聚区间向小尺寸方向偏移，并可提供更多的表面酸性位，尤其是中性强度的酸性位。通过考察催化剂质量与原料DMT初始摩尔量的比例（CRR）、压力和温度的影响以及循环使用反应性能，发现催化反应活性顺序为：Ru-HTc-Al2O3 > Ru/HTc-Al2O3 > Ru/Al2O3；在CRR为100 g/mol，反应温度为180 ℃，反应压力为8 MPa时，Ru-HTc-Al2O3的催化性能达到最佳：DMT转化率为98.2%，DMCD选择性为96.9%。     

Supported Ionic Liquid Enzymatic Catalysis for the Production of Biodiesel

Pseudomonas cepacia lipase supported in the 1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid is an alternative “green” method for the production of biodiesel from the alcoholysis of soybean oil. The transesterification reaction catalyzed by this ionic liquid‐supported enzyme can be performed at room temperature, in the presence of water and without the use of organic solvents. It is also compatible with various alcohols (including isoamyl alcohol). The biodiesel is separated by simple decantation and the recovered ionic liquid/enzyme catalytic system can be re‐used at least four times without loss of catalytic activity and selectivity.     

负载型非茂金属催化剂聚合制备UHMWPE

在淤浆聚合条件下采用新型负载型非茂金属催化剂(SSTU)制备了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE),考察了聚合温度、预聚合、助催化剂用量等聚合条件对催化剂活性、UHMWPE堆密度、粒径分布、粘均相对分子质量、力学性能、结晶性能和微观形貌等的影响.结果表明,提高聚合温度和助催化剂用量有利于催化剂活性发挥,而降低聚合温度和不预络合时可以得到高粘均相对分子质量的UHMWPE.由SSTU聚合得到的UHMWPE粒径分布均匀,细粉含量低(质量分数小于0.5%),结晶性能和力学性能好,在微观形貌上与齐格勒-纳塔催化剂制备的UHMWPE有显著区别.     

离子液体/聚合物电解质研究进展

综述了离子液体/聚合物电解质最新的研究进展--在有机高分子上引入离子液体合成聚合物电解质的几种主要方法.并介绍了合成的聚合物电解质的一些主要性质及其在催化、导电材料等方面的应用前景.     

离子液体及负载型钯催化剂在加氢反应中的研究进展

离子液体是在小于100℃条件下呈液态的盐,易溶解,热稳定性、催化性强,被誉为绿色溶剂与催化体系,现已得到了广泛应用。负载型钯催化剂具有表面积大,金属分散性,热稳定性强的特点,不过价格昂贵且目标产物选择性不高、反应机理不稳定。对此,就离子液体与负载型钯催化剂在加氢反应中的应用展开分析。     

负载型Ru催化剂的制备及其催化加氢性能

通过Ru固载与水滑石修饰的Al2O3(HTc-Al2O3)合成同步化,制得Ru-HTc-Al2O3,对其进行了XRD、ICP-AES、SEM、HRTEM、BET、NH3-TPD和XPS表征,并将其用于对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)催化加氢制取1,4-环己烷二甲酸二甲酯(DMCD)。以溶液浸渍法制得Ru/HTc-Al2O3和Ru/Al2O3进行对照。结果表明,相较于Ru/Al2O3和Ru/HTc-Al2O3,Ru-HTc-Al2O3具有更大的比表面积(105.4 m2/g);其大粒径Ru粒子的形成和Ru的损失受到明显抑制,Ru粒子尺寸分布集聚区间向小尺寸方向偏移,并可提供更多的表面酸性位,尤其是中等强度的酸性位。通过考察催化剂质量与原料DMT初始物质的量比(CRR)、压力和温度的影响以及循环使用反应性能发现,催化反应活性顺序为:Ru-HTc-Al2O3 Ru/HTc-Al2O3 Ru/Al2O3;在CRR为100 g/mol、反应温度为180℃、反应压力为8 MPa时,Ru-HTc-Al2O3的催化性能达到最佳:DMT转化率为98.2%,DMCD选择性为96.9%。     

负载型纳米钌催化剂的制备方法及应用

负载型纳米金属催化剂在化学工业中发挥着重要作用。纳米金属颗粒的结构、组成、形貌以及与载体的相互作用影响负载型纳米金属催化剂的催化活性和稳定性,而纳米金属催化剂的物化性质与催化剂的制备方法密切相关。与其他贵金属相比,负载型纳米钌催化剂对芳环加氢具有很高的催化活性,在化工材料、制药以及有机液体储氢等领域具有较为广泛的应用。综述了负载型纳米钌催化剂的基本制备方法及应用,为今后研究工作提供了参考。     

离子液体支撑液膜技术及其在气体分离中的研究进展

分析离子液体支撑液膜的气体分离机理,总结目前离子液体支撑液膜的制备方法以及不同膜材料、不同离子液体及其亲疏水性对离子液体支撑液膜稳定性的影响。介绍离子液体支撑液膜在气体分离中的应用,对离子液体支撑液膜的工业化前景进行了展望。     

负载型乙醇羰基化催化剂的制备及活性研究

用浸渍法制备了四种不同载体的镍铜双金属催化剂, 考察了影响催化剂活性的因素, 筛选出最佳催化剂及最适反应条件。使用XRD 和XPS 等测试手段对催化剂结构进行表征。     

支撑型离子液体膜用于捕集酸性气体研究

烟道气中酸性气体的捕集非常重要.近年来,支撑型离子液体膜(Supported ionic liquid membranes,SILMs)因传质速率高、稳定性好等特点而广泛应用于酸性气体的捕集研究.主要综述了利用离子液体作为膜液相来制备支撑液膜的方法,分析了捕集机理,讨论了离子液体阴阳离子结构、支撑体材料性能、原料气中水蒸汽、操作温度及跨膜压差等因素对支撑型离子液体膜渗透性及稳定性的影响,叙述了目前提高稳定性的一些方法,并在此基础上提出了支撑型离子液体膜用于酸性气体捕集需要解决的问题和工业化前景.     

离子液体的制备及N-烷基化反应研究

简述了离子液体的制备及在离子液体中进行的N.烷基化反应,比较传统合成方法,有时间短、产率高、污染小、易操作等优点.     

用于烷基化反应的离子液体催化剂研究进展

介绍了烷基化催化剂的特点及发展历程,概述了离子液体催化剂的分类和优点,讨论了离子液体催化烷基化的研究情况,包括异构烷烃与烯烃烷基化和芳香烃烷基化,最后,展望了离子液体催化剂在烷基化反应中的应用前景。     

Continuous gas-phase isopropylation of toluene and cumene using highly acidic Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) catalysts

Continuous gas-phase Friedel-Crafts isopropylation of toluene and cumene has been investigated using acidic Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) materials as the catalyst. Detailed kinetic studies in a multi-stage tubular reactor revealed that reactant's water content and the aromatic-to-alkene ratio are the most relevant influencing factors for the catalyst stability and selectivity in these reactions. Based on this insight, our process optimization led to the first highly stable, highly active and selective SILP-type acidic catalyst system for gas-phase aromatic alkylation. We anticipate that this concept offers great potential for more sustainable Friedel-Crafts alkylation processes.     

离子液体中间体的合成研究

离子液体又称室温熔盐,基本上是由含氮的有机阳离子和大的无机阴离子组成。它具有很大的液态范围,宽的电化学窗口、高而稳定的电导率、挥发度低,热稳定、不燃烧等一系列有机溶剂所不具备的优点。本文介绍了N-烷基吡啶盐以及烷基眯唑盐的两种离子液体中间体的合成研究。     

离子液体支撑液膜分离CO2的研究进展

总结了离子液体支撑液膜分离CO2的研究进展,简要分析了气体在离子液体支撑液膜中的传质机理;介绍了离子液体支撑液膜的制备方法及影响离子液体支撑液膜稳定性的因素;指出了今后用于分离CO2的离子液体支撑液膜的发展方向。