聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展

介绍了聚合物基纳米复合材料的种类及制备方法，详细介绍了聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究，包括聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的种类、性能及研究的新进展。     

聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料的研究进展

聚合物 /粘土纳米复合材料因其优异性能是目前材料科学研究的热点之一。简述了聚合物 /粘土纳米复合材料的特点 ,介绍了几类聚合物 /粘土纳米复合材料的制备方法 ,展望了聚合物 /粘土纳米复合材料的应用前景     

非导电聚合物基体碳纳米管复合材料研究进展

碳纳米管具有优异的力学性能和独特的电学性能等 ,是聚合物基体复合材料的理想增强材料。本文按不同非导电聚合物基体类型进行了归纳 ,评述了非导电聚合物基体碳纳米管复合材料的制备、性能和应用等情况。     

导电聚合物复合材料的发展

综述了有关导电聚合物复合材料的研究。讨论了不同导电聚合物复合材料的导电性、光学特性、电化学特性、力学性能以及它们的不同结构形貌。分析了复合材料制备工艺对其结构及性能的影响。     

炭黑填充聚合物导电复合材料的研究和应用概术

概述了目前国内外炭黑填充聚合物导电复合材料的研究现状及应用。主要对炭黑填充聚合物复合材料的导电性能、正负温度效应尤其是低碳含量炭黑填充聚合物抗静电材料进行了讨论。     

聚合物基隔热泡沫材料的制备及其研究进展

以聚合物为基体的多孔材料即聚合物泡沫材料具有比强度高、隔热优良、质量轻、隔音性能好、性价比高等优势。简述了聚合物基隔热泡沫材料的制备方法的发展历史。对聚合物泡沫材料的导热机理进行了归纳,汇总了近些年聚合物基隔热泡沫材料的相关研究,概述了聚合物基泡沫材料结构与导热性能之间的关系。分析了目前常用隔热泡沫材料制备方法的优缺点,指出超临界流体发泡技术由于环保、无毒等优点被广泛应用在隔热聚合物泡沫材料的制备中,且可通过调整温度、压力和外场等对泡孔的尺寸、发泡倍率等进行调控。     

聚合物/纳米SiO_2复合材料的研究进展

纳米SiO2 粒子具有许多新的特性 ,利用它对聚合物进行改性 ,可以得到具有特殊性能或性能更加优异的聚合物 /纳米SiO2 复合材料。介绍了纳米SiO2 特性、聚合物 /纳米SiO2 复合材料的制备方法以及我国聚合物 /纳米SiO2 复合材料的研究进展     

聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料

目前,聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料是重要的工程材料之一。由于层状硅酸盐的特殊结构,聚合物层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的各项性能得到较大改善。聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米材料的制备、表征、结构与性能的研究取得了重要进展。本文简要概述了聚合物／层状硅酸盐的结构及其有机改性机理,研究表明,插层剂和离子交换容量是插层的重要因素。最后,讨论了聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备方法和性能。     

国外聚合物纳米复合材料

综述了世界聚合物纳米复合材料的特性，改性机理，应用，帛法和新动向，重点介绍了代表性的尼龙纳米复合材料性能及与一般尼龙，尼龙共混物的比较，功能性聚合物纳米复合材料，论述了帛备高性能聚合物系纳米复合材料关键，提高材料阻隔性，阻燃性的原理，并展望了聚合物纳米复合材料的前景。     

有机聚合物烧蚀隔热性的研究

本文着重研究有机聚合物线性烧蚀速率（AR）、烧蚀隔热性能指数（API）和有机聚合物结构常数（K）与烧蚀隔热性的关系。采用AR、API和K值评价、比较、选择、预测有机聚合物的烧蚀隔热性,为烧蚀隔热涂料（材料）配方设计奠定理论基础。     

EPS颗粒对超轻水泥基复合保温材料性能的影响

聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料颗粒(EPS颗粒)作为水泥基复合保温材料的超轻骨料,对水泥基复合保温材料力学性能、热工性能影响显著。以水泥为胶凝材料,EPS颗粒、混合材、泡沫剂和改性剂、水等为主要原料,采用物理发泡工艺制备干表观密度不大于120 kg/m³的超轻水泥基复合保温材料(UCIM)。通过设计不同体积掺量的EPS颗粒,分析EPS颗粒掺量对泡沫混凝土基体孔结构、超轻水泥基复合保温材料强度和热工性能的影响规律。结果表明,适宜掺量EPS颗粒可显著提高超轻水泥基复合保温材料抗压强度和抗拉强度,并确保超轻水泥基复合保温材料具有良好的热工性能,即通过EPS颗粒与泡沫混凝土基体的协同作用,协调力学性能和热工性能,制备出高性能超轻水泥基复合保温材料。     

粉煤灰微珠-Ag复合颗粒的制备工艺和分析

采用化学镀的方法,以银氨溶液为镀液,甲醛为还原剂,按照一定的工艺过程对粉煤灰微珠进行表面镀银处理,得到了粉煤灰微珠-Ag复合颗粒。同时借助激光粒径分析仪、X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪等检测设备对复合颗粒的粒径分布、化学成分、镀层表面形貌和结构进行了分析。对复合微珠进行保温隔热性能测试,掺镀银微珠的涂料比原微珠的涂料温度低约4℃。结果表明,按照设定的工艺过程,可以成功制备出具有保温隔热低辐射功能的粉煤灰微珠-Ag复合颗粒,作为一种功能性骨料有望用于建筑物外围护结构表面的砂浆或涂料中以降低对远红外热的辐射能力。     

ATO/PU复合隔热膜的制备及其性能研究

氧化锡锑(ATO)具有良好的红外阻隔性.将ATO直接分散到异氰酸酯中,与聚醚二元醇及催化剂制备含ATO的预聚物,再采用小分子扩链剂制备ATO/P U复合隔热膜.讨论了ATO在预聚物中的分散稳定性、ATO/P U复合隔热膜的基本物理性能和隔热性能.结果表明,平均粒径为32.9μm的ATO粒子在黏度57.86 Pa·s的预...     

纤维增强发泡混凝土复合保温板的研究及应用

介绍纤维增强水泥聚苯再生颗粒发泡混凝土复合硬泡聚氨酯保温体系的材料性能、技术指标和施工方法。该技术将发泡混凝土和硬泡聚氨酯结合起来,保温和抗裂性能得到很大提高,在夏热冬冷地区的推广应用具有一定的经济效益和社会效益。     

Influence of dielectric barrier effect and thermally-conductive network on thermal and electrical properties of epoxy under different frequencies and temperatures

Epoxy resin (EPR) insulations play a vital role in the insulation of modern power electronic equipment owing to their excellent dielectric properties. However, due to the high-power density and miniaturization of power equipment which causes high heat fluxes under high voltage and high-frequency stresses, EPR with good thermal and insulation properties is urgently needed. In this study, the polydopamine functionalized micro-BN and core-shell nano TiO₂–SiO₂ particles are dispersed in EPR to simultaneously improve thermal and dielectric insulation properties. It is revealed that the addition of micro-nano particles significantly improves the thermal and dielectric performance. Particularly, the high thermal conductivity of micro-BN and the dielectric barrier effect due to the core-shell structure of nano TiO₂–SiO₂ are the main reasons for improved thermal and dielectric insulation performance, respectively. The EPR composite containing 3 wt% of micro-BN and 1 wt% of nano TiO₂–SiO₂ exhibits the optimal performance with 0.49 W/mK thermal conductivity and the highest dielectric strength among all the samples, that is, 60.61 kV/mm even at 10 kHz and 90°C. This study found that the crucial factors are the surface encapsulation, weight percent, and homogeneous dispersion of particles in EPR, the dielectric barrier effect, thermal conductivity, and the mismatch between the dielectric constant of EPR and particles. This study proposes the optimal weight percent of suitable micro-nano particles for EPR to produce suitable composites for high-frequency and high-temperature applications.     

Flexible Electrospun strawberry-like structure SiO2 aerogel nanofibers for thermal insulation

Herein, a novel flexible SiO₂ aerogel composite nanofiber membrane with strawberry-like structure and excellent thermal insulation properties, in which SiO₂ aerogel particles act as thermal insulation filler, was prepared by electrospinning technology. With the addition of nano-pore structure SiO₂ aerogel particles, the heat transfer path of the fibers inside the membrane became discontinuous, endowing the as-prepared membrane an ultra-low thermal conductivity of 30.3 mW/(m?K) and large surface area of 240 m²/g. Moreover, the nanofibers membrane also possesses the combined merits of excellent fire resistance, high-temperature stability, and temperature-invariant flexibility, rendering it a promising in the application of insulation and gas adsorption. The successful preparation of this flexible nanofiber membrane paves a new way to design materials with excellent thermal insulation and adsorption properties.     

PF泡沫塑料对PF/EPS复合泡沫塑料性能的影响

研究出一种具有较好稳定性、保温性能、力学性能和阻燃性能的酚醛树脂(PF)/可发性聚苯乙烯(EPS)复合泡沫塑料。在PF泡沫塑料颗粒基体中加入EPS发泡颗粒,充分混合固化,使PF泡沫塑料颗粒与EPS发泡颗粒紧密结合,EPS发泡颗粒被PF泡沫塑料颗粒包围并相互隔离,再用模具发泡成型得到该复合泡沫塑料。实验结果表明,PF的含量越高,稳定性、力学性能和阻燃性能越好,保温性能呈现先升高后下降的趋势,当PF的含量为80%时,PF/EPS复合泡沫塑料的表观密度为38.4 kg/m3,热导率为0.024 W/(m·K),弯曲强度为0.134 k Pa,压缩强度为323 k Pa,极限氧指数为47.9%,烟密度等级小于15,热释放速率峰值小于250 k W/m2,综合性能最好。     

Novel thermal insulating and lightweight composites from metakaolin geopolymer and polystyrene particles

In this work, new foamed thermal insulation geopolymer composite based on polystyrene particles (PP) and metakaolin was developed. Compressive strength, flexural strength, high temperature resistance and microstructure were evaluated. The experimental results show that compressivestrengthand flexural strength of the thermal insulation geopolymer composite decrease with increasing polystyrene particle content. However, it still exhibits considerable and sufficient strength. The dry density and thermal conductivityalso decrease as polystyrene particle content increases due to the contribution of polystyrene particles with low density. The floatation of the thermal insulation geopolymer composite on water surface indicates the relatively low density and a good quadratic function relationship can be found between thermal conductivity and dry density. Furthermore, the dense interfacial transition zone indicates the high compressive strength and flexural strength of thermal insulation geopolymer composites. The cumulative intrusion volume corresponding to the porosity decreases and the critical pore diametersshift to lower values with addition of polystyrene particles. Geopolymer composites gain strength after exposure around 400 °C, and it suffers dramatic strength loss after 800 °C temperature exposure especially for the 100% polystyrene particles addition specimen.     

Facile preparation for gelatin/hydroxyethyl cellulose-SiO2 composite aerogel with good mechanical strength,heat insulation,and water resistance

The advanced thermal insulation materials with low cost and high mechanical properties play an important role in transport packaging and thermal protection fields. An inorganic/organic composite aerogel was prepared through hydrogen bonds and chemical crosslinking among silica aerogel particles, gelatin (GA), and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). The as-prepared GA/HEC-SiO₂ composite aerogels were characterized by compression tests, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analyzer, and contact angle tests to investigate the chemical composition and physical structure. The GA/HEC-SiO₂ composite aerogels exhibited a strong mechanical strength (0.53–4.01 MPa), a high compression modulus (1.33–11.52 MPa), a lower volume density (0.035–0.081 g/cm³), thermal conductivity as low as 0.035 W/[m K]), a porosity of more than 93%, and hydrophobic angle as high as 150.01° after hydrophobic modification. These results indicate that biopolymer composite aerogels embedded with SiO₂ aerogel particles display a bright future in thermal insulation.     

输油管道保温技术及应用研究进展

综述了国内外各类保温材料和保温管道结构的技术现状及应用研究进展;分析了不同保温材料的隔热性能、力学性能、微观结构等特点,包括实心保温材料、无机及有机发泡材料、复合保温材料和相变储能材料;介绍了各类结构的输油管道的加工工艺、结构设计等特点,包括管中管结构、单壁管、技术管系统和复合保温软管;并对目前保温输油管道的材料及结构的应用和发展进行了讨论。