非频率选择性衰落信道下捕获性能的分析

对基于数字匹配滤波器(DMF)捕获系统在非频率选择性衰落信道下的捕获性能进行了深入讨论,利用状态转移图推导出单次驻留判决方式时平均捕获时间的表达式。对平坦慢衰落信道和快衰落信道下的平均捕获时间进行了数字分析,得出的主要结论是：无论信道是否存在衰落,基于DMF的捕获系统都具有很快的捕获速度;基于DMF的捕获系统在衰落信道下的捕获性能明显要比非衰落信道差;衰落速度越快,平均捕获时间就越长,系统的捕获性能就越差。因此当信道存在非频率选择性衰落时,可以在接收端采用分集接收(比如空间分集)来改善系统的捕获性能。     

多径衰落信道下BOC信号捕获性能分析

针对多径衰落信道下BOC(二进制偏移载波)信号的捕获问题,通过对多径衰落信道建模,运用目前较优越的捕获算法对各信道下的捕获性能进行比较。结合莱斯因子K、多径径数L以及多径延迟,分析了多径衰落信道对B OC信号捕获产生的影响。理论分析和仿真结果表明,K值越大,捕获函数峰值越大,捕获性能越好;L值越小,出现副峰越少,捕获性能越好。     

WCDMA反向突发两级相关快速捕获算法

该文针对WCDMA反向随机接入信道前置同步码的多码限时捕获特点,提出了一种低复杂度的两级相关捕获电路,给出了快速捕获算法。该算法对多径信号进行联合处理,由于利用了多径信息,分析和数值结果表明该算法在多用户多径衰落环境下能获得比单径衰落时更好的捕获性能。     

一种基于自动删除算法的PN码捕获技术研究

针对多径干扰对频率选择性信道下伪码捕获性能的影响,提出了一种基于自动删除算法的PN码捕获方法。该串行相关捕获系统通过一个基于排序数据方差的自动删除单元平均恒虚警检测器来删除参考滑窗中的干扰样本,并且不需要多径干扰数目的先验信息。对系统的平均捕获时间及检测性能进行了计算与仿真,与传统的自适应捕获方法相比,改进后捕获算法的性能得到较大的改善。     

瑞利衰落信道下基于DMF的伪码捕获性能分析

基于数字匹配滤波器(DMF)的PN码捕获电路具有较快的捕获速度,因此在扩频系统中得到广泛的应用,为了在瑞利衰落信道下进一步提高捕获性能,对影响捕获性能的虚警概率和检测概率进行了推导和分析,进而计算出了平均捕获时间,并且作出了仿真和分析,为改善瑞利衰落信道下捕获性能提供了解决思路和理论依据。     

非衰落信道下基于DMF的伪码捕获性能分析

基于数字匹配滤波器（DMF）的PN码捕获电路具有较快的捕获速度,因此在扩频系统中已得到广泛应用,为了在高斯白噪声环境的非衰落信道下改善DMF捕获性能,对影响捕获性能的虚警概率和检测概率进行了推导和分析,进而计算出了平均捕获时间,最后做出了仿真和分析。     

移动通信信道的建模与仿真

针对移动通信的特点,本文以中继卫星通信链路为主要研究对象,分析了该链路通信信道中存在的传播损耗,并以此为基础建立了链路通信的信道模型;最后仿真分析了不同的通信传输速率在加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)衰落信道、多径Rayleigh衰落信道、Rician衰落信道以及复杂衰落信道中的误码率特性曲线,仿真结果表明,满足Rayleigh衰落信道模型的信号分量对系统的性能影响较大,且传输速率越高,信号分量中的反射分量与多径分量影响越大。     

失真自适应接收机技术及信号形式选择

对流层散射信道是一种典型的多径衰落信道,多径传播造成了信号的深衰落和多径扩散。而多径扩散现象的存在,会使速率高、码元窄、频谱宽的信号遭受频率选择性衰落的影响,造成传输中的信号码元之间产生码间干扰,严重影响信息传输质量。在此提出了一种基于失真自适应接收技术和3/4占空半余弦信号形式的数字接收机方案,能够自适应地跟踪失真信号的变化而进行最佳相干接收,使系统具有稳定的通信性能。     

多径衰落信道的典型特征分析及仿真研究

分析了多径衰落信道的时间选择性和频率选择性,并讨论比较了多径效应和多普勒效应对信道产生的影响,从时域和频域的角度进行了仿真分析,仿真数据表明时不变多径衰落信道和时变多径衰落信道分别随着时域扩展和频域扩展的增加而使信号衰落加剧。     

超宽带信道仿真及分析

超宽带信道模型中多径分量的到达采用了两个泊松随机过程,各径幅度衰落服从对数正态分布,对模型的仿真和分析结果表明:超宽带信道中存在较多可分离的多径分量,通过Rake接收技术对这些多径分量有效的合并,能提高超宽带系统的性能,由于多径信号衰落的非递减性,采用选择Rake技术的性能优于部分Rake.     

Utilization of multipaths for spread-spectrum code acquisition infrequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels

A novel acquisition scheme that utilizes multipaths to improve the acquisition performance is proposed for frequency-selective fading channels. The proposed acquisition scheme employs nonconsecutive search and joint triple-cell detection. The performance is analyzed in frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. Equations for the probabilities of detection and false alarm are derived, and an expression for the mean acquisition time is developed. The mean acquisition time performance of the proposed and conventional acquisition schemes is evaluated and compared. It is found that the proposed acquisition scheme significantly outperforms the conventional one. The effects of various channel parameters such as the number of resolvable paths, the shape of the multipath intensity profile (MIP) and the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) on acquisition performance are also investigated     

Wideband diversity in multipath channels with nonuniform power dispersion profiles

The focus of this paper is to derive the symbol error probability (SEP) of a Rake receiver with a limited number of fingers that track the strongest multipath components in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel. We develop an analytical framework that allows the computation of the SEP for nonuniform power dispersion profiles (PDPs) and spreading bandwidth. By transforming the physical Rake receiver with correlated ordered paths into the domain of a 'virtual Rake" receiver with conditionally independent virtual paths, analytical expressions for the SEP are derived in terms of the spreading bandwidth, the channel profile, and the number of combined paths. We show how our analytical results can be used to predict the performance of various Rake architectures in environments with nonuniform PDPs using for example, the channel models defined for the next generation wireless standards. Furthermore, we validate our methodology by comparison to data obtained from channel measurements, showing good agreement with our analytically derived results.     

Adaptive Hybrid Acquisition of PN Sequences Based on Automatic Multipath Cancellation in Frequency-Selective Rayleigh Fading Channels

A hybrid PN-code acquisition scheme is proposed and studied for direct sequence code division multiple access communications in frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. The most important feature of the proposed system is its ability to dynamically estimate the number of multipath signals that may lie in the reference channel. The basic idea of the considered algorithm is to sort the partial correlations and carry out successive censoring tests by updating the noise estimation until the first path synchronization. Exact expressions for the probability of false alarm and the mean acquisition time are derived. The performances of the proposed system are then studied and compared with those of the adaptive hybrid acquisition processor (AHAP) and the ordered statistic hybrid acquisition processor (OSHAP). The effects of various channel parameters on the acquisition performance, namely the number of resolvable paths, the multipath intensity profile and the signal-to-noise ratio are also investigated. Numerical results show that the proposed acquisition scheme outperforms the conventional ones which are based on AHAP and OSHAP algorithms.     

Decorrelating detector with diversity combining for single user frequency-selective rayleigh fading multipath channels

Diversity combining techniques are applied in mobile radio communications as a means of performance improvement in a fading multipath environment. Adaptive equalizers which incorporate diversity combining were shown to combat intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath provided that the fading is sufficiently slow. However, for fast fading rates, noncoherent techniques are often desirable. In this paper, we examine the performance of several coherent and noncoherent detectors that make use of diversity combining. In particular, the decorrelating filter is shown to provide reliable performance for a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading multipath channel with ISI. Numerical and simulation results are presented for a channel with two independent Rayleigh fading paths. Signal design issues which arise in the implementation of the decorrelating detector and the zero-forcing equalizer are discussed.     

Effects of chip rate on selective RAKE combining

The focus of this paper is to characterize the performance of a RAKE receiver tracking the L strongest multipath components and to quantify the effects of the chip rate on spread spectrum systems operating in dense multipath frequency-selective fading environments. Analytical expressions for the symbol error probability are derived in terms of the chip rate, multipath spread of the channel and an arbitrary number of combined paths     

Acquisition for DS/CDMA systems with multiple antennas in frequency-selective fading channels

A generalized code acquisition scheme for direct-sequence code-division multiple-access systems with multiple antennas is proposed over frequency-selective fading channels. The proposed scheme is developed on the framework of a generalized configuration of multiple antennas and correlators. The nonconsecutive search method is generalized and extended to multiple antenna systems to exploit multipath signals in improving acquisition performance over frequency-selective fading channels. The proposed scheme also adopts a hybrid decision strategy to make effective decisions on acquisition. The mean acquisition time performance of the proposed acquisition scheme is analyzed and evaluated in frequency-selective Rayleigh-fading channels with general multipath delay profiles and spatial-fading correlations. The effects of nonconsecutive search on mean acquisition time are investigated for various channel environments, and the optimal choice of decision strategy is discussed. Furthermore, effects of various configurations of multiple antennas and correlators, decision thresholds, and correlation interval on the performance are also investigated.     

Performance of multicarrier CDMA with DPSK modulation anddifferential detection in fading multipath channels

Multicarrier (MC) direct sequence (DS) code division multiple access (CDMA) with differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) modulation and differential detection is proposed. Transmitted data bits are differentially encoded after serial-to-parallel conversion to a number of parallel streams. On each branch, encoded bits are direct sequence spread spectrum (SS) modulated and transmitted using different carriers. The system is analyzed with a differential detector in static Rayleigh fading multipath channel, in fast Rayleigh fading multipath channel and for variable overlapping between carrier spectra in static fading channel. Closed-form expressions are derived for the error probability and evaluated for many cases. The performance is compared to that of a system using phase-shift keying (PSK) with conventional matched filter (CMF) coherent receiver. For static fading channel, the error probability performance of the differential detector is close to that of CMF receiver. For fast fading, the performance degrades slightly with increasing fading rate. Finally; successive carriers of the system are allowed to overlap with various overlapping percentages. The condition of a single path can be achieved by increasing both the number of carriers and the separation between successive carriers. Also, for each number of carriers, there exists an optimum overlapping percentage at which the system performance is optimized. The performance of the proposed DPSK with differential detection system is close to that of PSK with CMF receiver, but the former is simpler to implement     

Impact of spreading bandwidth on RAKE reception in dense multipathchannels

Spread spectrum (SS) multiple access techniques have been proposed for third generation broadband wireless access. We develop an analytical framework to quantify the effects of spreading bandwidth on SS systems operating in dense multipath environments in terms of the receiver performance, receiver complexity, and multipath channel parameters. In particular, we consider wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) Gaussian channels with frequency-selective fading. The focus of the paper is to characterize the combined signal of the RAKE receiver fingers tracking the strongest multipath components. Closed form expressions for the mean and the variance of the total RAKE receiver output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are derived in terms of the number of RAKE fingers, spreading bandwidth, and multipath spread of the channel. The proposed problem is made analytically tractable by transforming the physical RAKE paths into the virtual path domain. A representative result indicates that for SS systems with 5 MHz signal bandwidth operating in a channel with constant power delay profile having 5 μs spread, the average SNR gain from increasing the number of RAKE fingers from one to three is 3.8 dB and from three to five is 1.5 dB. Furthermore, the reduction in the variation of SNR is 1.1 dB and 0.4 dB for the same increments in the number of fingers