炼钢转炉烟气洗涤水系统运行与控制

针对武钢第一炼钢厂转炉烟气洗涤水系统运行存在的问题，从工艺、水质、设备的调查、分析人手，提出了有效的对策措施，并加以实施，取得了较好效果，可为同类系统的水质控制提供参考。     

炼钢转炉烟气洗涤水系统运行与控制

针对武钢第一炼钢厂转炉烟气洗涤水系统运行存在的问题，从工艺、水质、设备的调查、分析入手，提出了有效的对策措施，并加以实施，取得了较好效果，可为同类系统的水质控制提供参考。     

交-交变频矢量控制系统在热连轧工艺中的应用

主要介绍了交-交变频全数字矢量控制系统的构成和控制原理以及在热连轧主传动中的应用.交-交变频全数字矢量控制系统作为交流调速系统的一种,被广泛的应用到主传动控制系统中.交-交变频调速系统并将随着时代的发展不断完善,逐步取代直流调速系统,成为电气传动领域中的主流.     

基于安全传输策略的网络化预测控制系统设计

为确保网络控制系统中传输数据的完整性、实时性、机密性和可用性,提高系统对抗数据攻击的能力,提出了一种基于MD5散列码、时间戳和AES加密算法的数据安全传输策略,该策略兼顾了系统中控制器端和被控对象端数据传输的安全性和实时性.并从控制策略的角度出发,考虑在系统遭受到数据攻击后,采用基于网络回路时延的网络预测控制方法对数据攻击进行补偿,使系统在受到一定强度的数据攻击后仍然能够进行稳定的控制,从而提高网络控制系统应对攻击的能力.采用S100-1实训平台管道压力控制系统验证了基于安全传输策略的网络化预测控制系统有较好的安全性和抗数据攻击能力.      

重轨轨端帽形淬火控制系统设计及应用

针对目前国内重轨轨端帽形淬火自动控制水平低而带来的一系列质量问题,设计一套先进的控制系统,投运1年以来,该系统运行稳定可靠,控制精度高,维护方便,保证重轨的淬火质量,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Probabilistic Models for Analysis of Urban Runoff Control Systems

Given the significant urban runoff impacts on many receiving waters and the massive costs of future investments in drainage infrastructure, the design of urban runoff control systems must be cost-effective. Cost-effective design requires that various runoff control system alternatives be investigated at the planning stage so that cost-effective runoff control systems can be identified for design level analysis. To analyze the runoff control performance of various combinations of runoff control systems at the planning stage, efficient screening models are acutely needed. For this purpose, analytical probabilistic models were applied to analyze the runoff quantity∕quality control performance of various combinations of storage and treatment systems. These analytical probabilistic models are developed with derived probability distribution theory whereby the input meteorology to the catchment is described by probability density functions (PDFs) of the meteorological characteristics that are transformed by hydrologic/hydraulic functions to PDFs of the system performance variables. The resulting PDFs are then used to determine the average performance conditions. These models provide closed-formed solutions of the performance equations that are highly efficient in both a conceptual and computational sense. As a result, they are particularly useful for the screening analysis of urban runoff control alternatives.     

一种集散控制系统硬件和软件的开发

本文介绍以工业控制机２８６为上位机，８台ＳＴＤ８０９８单片机为下位机组成的两级集散控制系统。现场长期运行结果表明，该系统结构紧凑，工作可靠，适用于各种工业测控系统。     

Approaches to vector control: new and trusted. 2. Molecular targets in the insect midgut

The midgut of blood-feeding insects is an important site for the activity of antibodies and drugs ingested with the blood meal. These agents can be directed at molecular targets in the midgut, and may affect the insect directly by reducing its fitness, or indirectly by blocking transmission of a disease organism to the vector. Both of these result in eventual disease control. Immunization with crude vector or parasite preparations can result in isolation of vaccine candidates which are very effective but often of unknown function. Conversely, by examining carefully the vector's biology and its interactions with the parasite, it is possible to identify various physiological or cellular systems and vector-parasite interactions that can be interfered with. Examples of both approaches are presented in this paper. Anti-vector vaccines offer tremendous potential for disease control, as they can affect the parasite reproductive rate in a number of ways--reducing vector longevity, fecundity or competence. This is most striking if life expectancy of the vector is reduced to a period less than the extrinsic life cycle of the parasite. The rationale often presented for examining molecular systems in vectors is their control potential; it is clearly appropriate to re-examine many of these systems and realistically assess their applicability.     

面向六关节机器人的位置域控制

多轴联动下的串联多关节工业机器人在空间轨迹运动时,在时间上保证各关节轴单独具有良好的跟踪性能,而由于机械电气的迟滞效应,并不能完全保证理想的轮廓轨迹,这说明各个伺服轴的运动在几何空间中的同步非常重要。针对运动指令与实际位置之间的迟滞所带来的机器人末端轮廓精度不高的问题,本文结合工业机器人现有的运动学和动力学以及传统的PID控制理论,研究了六关节机器人位置域控制算法。将机器人空间轮廓轨迹的控制,通过采用主?从运动关系实时建立的方法,将时域中的各个伺服关节的同步控制方法,变换到位置域的各个伺服关节的主?从跟随的控制方法,在实现位置域的同步控制的同时,引入基于位置域的PD控制,减少了主?从跟随控制的跟随误差,从而整体提高机器人末端的轮廓运动精度。该方法在Linux CNC(Computerized Numerical Control)数控系统上,以某公司HSR-JR605机器人为对象进行了实验,证明采用位置域控制方法对六关节机器人空间运动轨迹精度的提高有积极作用。      

基于积分型Lyapunov函数的随机非线性系统的自适应控制

针对一类带有未知虚拟控制增益的随机严格反馈非线性系统,基于后推设计,引入积分型Lyapunov函数,并利用神经网络的逼近能力,提出了一种自适应神经网络控制方案.与现有研究结果相比,放宽了对控制系统的要求,取消了对于未知函数的限制条件.通过Lyapunov方法证明了闭环系统的所有误差信号依概率有界.仿真结果验证了所给控制方案的有效性.      

Performance of a Nongasketed Flange Joint under Combined Internal Pressure and Bending Loading

Performance of a bolted flange joint is characterized mainly due to its “strength” and “sealing capability.” A number of analytical and experimental studies have been conducted to study these characteristics only under internal pressure loading. A very limited amount of work is found in the literature under combined internal pressure and bending loading. Due to the ignorance of this external loading, i.e., bending loading, the optimized performance of the bolted flange joint cannot be achieved. The present design codes do not address the effects of bending loading on the structural integrity and sealing ability. To investigate joint strength and sealing capability under combined loading, an extensive comparative experimental and numerical study of a nongasketed flange joint is carried out and overall joint performance and behavior is discussed. Actual joint load capacity is determined under both the design and proof test pressure with maximum additional external bending loading that can be applied for safe joint performance. In addition, as experimentally it is impossible to test different flange joint sizes under combined loading application, hence finite element model developed and verified with the experimental results, presented in this paper can be used as base to study the behavior for different nongasketed flange joint sizes for different classes under combined pressure and bending loading.     

矿热炉自动配料控制系统设计

针对矿热炉配料系统工艺流程复杂、可靠性及性价比要求高的特点,系统利用Modbus通信和工业以太网技术构建了由上位监控层、下位控制层和现场设备层组成的总体网络架构,设计出以S7-1200PLC为核心的稳定、高效和经济实用的分布式控制系统。通过合理的硬件、软件和监控界面设计,有效解决了生产效率与配料精度之间的矛盾,实现了称量、配料自动化。该系统自投入使用以来,性能稳定,工作可靠,具有较高的性价比,能够满足实际生产需求,达到了预期设计的目标。     

光电液伺服式带材纠偏与对中控制

本文介绍冶金部自动化研究院开发研制的带材边缘纠偏控制（ＥＰＣ）系统和对中控制（ＣＰＣ）系统的构成、特点，并作简要分析．文中还介绍了该系统在两个钢铁厂的实际应用情况。     

按转子磁链定向矢量的智能控制

对按转子磁链定向的矢量控制系统进行了智能控制研究.根据矢量控制的特点,充分运用计算机丰富的逻辑判断和数值运算功能对控制系统进行设计,不仅可以实现模拟控制器的数字化,而且可以突破模拟控制器参数为定值的局限.重点介绍了根据系统的变量变化趋势来确定数字调节器参数的变化规则,同时对于各个不同的调节规律,采用不同的控制策略,使得系统具有更好的动、静态性能指标,更强的鲁棒性.最后通过仿真和实验证明了本文理论的正确性.      

Vestibular control of the cardiovascular system

Due to modern living conditions the human cardiovascular system is frequently exposed to rapid or/and prolonged changes in gravitational forces. These transients are very short compared to the timescale of the evolution causing substantial difficulties in adaptation. As it has been many times proven experimentally since the first observation in 1922, the vestibular system affects directly the regulation of the cardiovascular system. For example, bilateral transsection of the vestibular nerve of cats significantly disturbs the compensation of acute hypotension induced by lowering the animal's head. The results of human studies also indicate the existence of vestibulo-sympathetic reflexes. Vestibular excitation caused by caloric to other stimuli results in increased sympathetic efferent activity. Several groups or nuclei in the brain-stem (medial vestibular ncl., subretrofacial ncl., the lateral area of tegmentum) were confirmed to have important mediatory function in the central organization of the vestibulo-sympathetic reflex. However, the role of vestibular system in long-term adaptive responses of the vascular system of chronic changes in body position is not classified yet. Such a possible role is suggested by our experimental findings during the last decade. Electronmicroscopic examinations indicated that two-week long orthostatic load due to head-up tilting changes significantly and differently the innervation density of blood vessels in the extremities of rats. There also have been a significant amplification of acute myogenic response to intraluminar pressure-elevation in the saphenous vein. We suppose that adrenergic mechanisms under vestibular control are at least in part responsible for the regionally different adaptive changes including structural remodelling. Spectral analysis of the arterial blood pressure suggested that a two week-long orthostatic load can already alter the overall control of the cardiovascular system in rats.     

变频矢量控制系统入侵检测技术

针对采用以太网控制自动化技术(EtherCAT)工业总线的感应电机交-直-交变频矢量控制系统的入侵检测技术进行了研究. 首先通过对EtherCAT总线协议进行深度解析, 结合目前为止已经发现的EtherCAT工业总线常见协议漏洞, 提取协议数据包的关键特征并构建EtherCAT总线协议入侵检测规则库, 采用三维指针链表树作为针对EtherCAT总线协议规则库的检索数据结构; 其次, 根据感应电机交-直-交变频矢量控制系统的物理模型, 进行模型参数仿真计算, 并根据仿真计算值, 构建矢量控制模型入侵特征的最小二乘支持向量机(least square support vector machine, LSSVM)分类器, 使用混沌粒子群优化(choatics particle swarm optimization, CPSO)算法对分类器的参数进行优化, 二者共同构成了CPSO-LSSVM入侵检测分类算法. 异常数据包在被分类后, 会被传递给Suricata入侵检测引擎进行精确规则匹配; 最后为该入侵检测系统搭建物理实验环境, 经过测试, 本文中的交-直-交变频矢量控制模型仿真结果动态性能良好, 与实际矢量控制系统参数的波形变化趋势相近. 通过抽取KDD Cup99测试数据集中的一部分对该入侵检测系统实施DOS攻击、R2L、U2R以及PROBING攻击行为, 验证该入侵检测系统的有效性.      

Sports and the immune system

Acute exercise is followed by a mobilization of white blood cells, mainly induced by increased levels of catecholamines and cortisol. NK-cells react the most intensive, they can increase fivefold after intensive exercise. Additionally a weak acute-phase reaction occurs. Most of these changes normalize during twenty-four hours. Parameters of the humoral immune system may be different from the pre-exercise levels up to seventy-two hours. Repeated physical exercise, which is typical for sports, is followed only by small changes of immunologic parameters under conditions of rest. Epidemiological studies give clues that the rate of upper respiratory tract infections in athletes can be described by a j-shaped curve. Moderately active subjects have the lowest rate of infection. For this influence of exercise on health mainly functional changes seem to be important. Especially after excentric exercise immunological cells can be seen in the muscle tissue, which remove destructed tissue. Not very much is known about the role of the immune system in the regeneration of tendons and other bradytrophic tissues.     

多模型自适应控制理论及应用

作为对经典自适应控制改进的控制方法,多模型自适应控制是解决复杂的大范围参数不确定系统的一种有效途径,并在理论和实践中取得了丰富成果。依据控制器集的不同综合策略,其被分为多种类型,本文旨在对加权型的多模型自适应控制进行综述。加权多模型自适应控制的基本思路是采用“分而治之”的办法,离线建立多个局部模型和对应的多个局部控制器,在线加权融合各个局部控制器的控制输出,从而形成全局控制,是实现鲁棒自适应控制的一类重要方法。首先比较详细地介绍了加权多模型自适应控制研究的历史及现状,然后给出相关研究的新进展和一些观点,包括新的加权算法和相应的加权多模型自适应控制系统的稳定性结果等,最后指出未来的几个研究方向。