Preparation of carbon brushes with thermosetting resin binder

Carbon brushes with a resin binder were prepared according to an industrial process and the effects of the molding pressure, grains size and cure temperature on the properties of brush samples were discussed. The results show that the bulk density, bending strength and Rockwell hardness increase, while resistivity decreases with increasing molding pressure. Cure temperature has much more influence on the properties of brushes than molding pressure and grains size. Isothermal differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） was used to estimate the degree of cure of resin binder and a novel method of using the true density to measure the degree of cure of resin binder was presented and discussed briefly. Based on optimal process parameters carbon brushes were manufactured, durability tests for brushes were carried out on an alternate current motor and scanning electron microscope（SEM） was adopted to observe the morphology of worn surface of brushes. The results show that a luster oxide film can be formed on the surface of brushes and their service life reaches 380 h.     

微球结构MoS2/FeS复合薄膜的制备及表征

采用离子注入结合低温离子渗硫法制备了MoS₂/FeS复合薄膜,并借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪和纳米压痕仪对复合薄膜进行了表征。结果表明,复合薄膜呈微球结构,颗粒尺寸均匀,约为500 nm。复合薄膜主要由MoS₂、FeS及少量的氧化物组成。基体与复合薄膜的硬度分别为6.57和7.89 GPa,弹性模量分别为223.8和246.2 GPa。相对基体复合薄膜的硬度及弹性模量分别提高约20%和10%,弹性特征值H/E亦相应提高了约10%,表明其较基体具有更高的磨损抗力。     

Preparation and properties of Cu matrix composite reinforced by carbon nanotubes

Cu matrix composites reinforced by carbon nanotubes(CNTs) were prepared. The effect of carbon nanotubes on mechanical and tribological properties of the Cu matrix composites were investigated. The chemical method for coating CNTs was reported. The morphology of the fracture surfaces and worn surface were examined by SEM.The results show that Cu/coated-CNTs composites have higher hardness, much better wear resistance and antifriction properties than those of the reference Cu alloy (Cu-10Sn) and Cu/uncoated-CNTs composite sintered under the same conditions. The optimal mechanical properties of the composites occurred at 2. 25%(mass fraction) of CNTs. The excellent wear resistance and anti-friction properties are attributed to the fiber strengthening effect of CNTs and the effect of the spherical wear debris containing carbon nanotubes on the tribo-surface.     

碳包覆镍纳米颗粒/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及电磁性能

以纤维素为炭前躯体,硝酸镍为金属源,采用还原炭化法制备出碳包覆Ni纳米颗粒(Ni@C)。进一步采用原位聚合法合成出Ni@C/聚苯胺(PANI)复合材料。TEM分析表明:Ni@C粒度分布均匀,呈核壳结构。采用IR光谱、SEM、XRD对复合材料和形态和结构进行分析;考察了Ni@C的含量对Ni@C/PANI复合材料电导率的影响。采用波导法在8.2-12.4 GHz波段范围对Ni@C和Ni@C/PANI复合材料进行电磁参数进行测试分析,复合材料的电损耗角正切值可达到0.65,磁损耗角正切值可达0.15,所制备Ni@C/PANI具有较高的电磁损耗角正切值,结果表明其吸波性能较好。     

金刚石膜/硅复合基片的制备工艺研究

通过等离子体喷射法硅衬底制备金刚石的试验,研究了硅片规格、硅片前期预处理、金刚石膜沉积以及后期热处理等对制备复合基片性质和裂纹产生的影响,对各个工序进行优化和改进,确定了制备金刚石膜/硅复合基片最佳的工艺流程.实验结果表明:在硅基片制备的金刚石膜厚度大于20 μm,抛光后金刚石膜表面粗糙度Ra达到5.2 nm,剩余金刚...     

Formation and capacitance properties of Ti-Al composite oxide film on aluminum

Al specimens were covered with TiO2 film by sol-gel dip-coating and then anodized in ammonium adipate solution. The structure, composition and capacitance properties of the anodic oxide film were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that an anodic oxide film with a dual-layer structure formed between TiO2 coating and Al substrate. The film consisted of an inner Al2O3 layer and an outer Ti-Al composite oxide layer. The thickness of layers varied with the number of times of sol-gel dip-coating. The capacitance of anodic oxide films formed on coated specimens was at most 80% higher than that without TiO2. In film formation mechanism, it was claimed that the formation of composite oxide film was mainly affected by the structure of micro-pores network in TiO2 coating which had an influence on Al3+ and O2- ions transport during the anodizing.     

低密度碳纤维复合材料耐高温抗氧化技术研究

低密度碳纤维复合材料具有轻量化、耐高温、低热导等优异特性,在航空航天热防护领域有较大的应用潜力。为了提高低密度碳纤维复合材料高温抗氧化性能,本文设计并研制了耐高温低密度抗氧化碳纤维复合材料。首先,采用气相沉积工艺对传统低密度碳纤维复合材料进行了强韧化处理,沉积210h时后材料拉伸强度和压缩强度分别提高275%和341%。其次,采用刷涂浸渍和高温原位烧结方法设计并制备了双层超高温抗氧化涂层,采用高温马弗炉对材料在空气环境、不同温度下的高温抗氧化性能进行了测试。结果表明,在1700~1750℃考核条件下材料表现出优异的抗氧化性能,质量增重率为1.1~1.5×10_-5 g/cm₂?s,表面形成的致密氧化硅氧化膜和氧化铪镶嵌氧化硅氧化膜为材料提供了优异的抗氧化性能。     

Preparation of ITO transparent conductive film by sol-gel method

1Introduction Indium tin oxide(ITO)films are widely used as transparent conductive layers in a large variety of applications such as thin film transistor(TFT)[1,2],liquid crystal displayers(LCD)[3,4],smart mirrors for the windows,solar cells,electrolumine…     

钛表面微弧氧化+碳膜的制备与表征

为提升钛金属与碳膜的界面结合,增强涂层的防护作用,利用微弧氧化(MAO)技术在钛表面快速简易制备出与基体为冶金结合的多孔层结构,并以此为基采用离子束复合磁控溅射技术制备碳膜。采用SEM+EDS、AFM分析所制备膜层的微观结构,借助划痕仪、磨损试验机和电化学工作站表征膜层的结合力和性能。结果表明：表层碳膜并不能完全覆盖微弧氧化层的微孔,同时Ti基体表面微弧氧化层可有效增加表层碳膜与Ti基体的结合力;Ti基体/MAO层/碳膜的膜基体系在摩擦磨损过程中,摩擦系数小且波动很小,磨痕宽度最小,表现出最为优异的摩擦学性能;而新设计复合膜层的耐蚀性较传统的Ti基体/Ti打底层/碳膜的膜基体系要差,这与表层碳膜较薄,复合膜层仍呈现出微弧氧化层多孔特征有关,其导致腐蚀介质易于通过微孔而降低耐蚀性。     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of PANI/TiO2 composite film

1. Introduction As an advanced oxidation technique (AOT), photocatalytic oxidation of semiconductor nanopar-ticles has been widely investigated by several groups during the past two decades [1-2]. Among all types of oxide semiconductor photocatalysts, nano-TiO2 is a very important photocatalyst for its strong oxidiz-ing power, nontoxicity, and long-term photostability [3]. Some researchers have reviewed the photocata-lytic mechanism of nano-TiO2 [4-5]. Generally, when the surface of TiO2 i…     

Fabrication of various electroless Ni-P alloy/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite films on an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin

Ni-P alloy/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite films were fabricated on acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin by electroless plating and their microstructures, adhesion strengths, and friction properties were investigated. Various types of MWCNTs were used. In addition, various electroless plating baths were prepared to form Ni-P alloy matrices with various phosphorus contents. To enhance the adhesion strength, the ABS resin substrate was subjected to roughening treatment. The microstructures of the composite films were examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Their adhesion strengths were measured by tensile tests. The friction properties of the composite films were investigated using the ball-on-plate method. Ni-P alloy/MWCNT composite films containing various types of MWCNTs and with Ni-P alloy matrices having various phosphorus contents were fabricated on the ABS resin substrates by electroless deposition. The adhesion strength between the Ni-P alloy/MWCNT composite films and the ABS resin substrate was more than 1300 N cm^− 2. The Ni-P alloy/MWCNT composite films had considerably lower friction coefficients than the Ni-P alloy films. The friction coefficients of the composite films were significantly affected by the type of MWCNTs used.     

碳纳米管增强TiNi复合钎料的制备与表征

针对CNTs增强TiNi复合钎料制备中存在CNTs的均匀分散性差、结构完整性差、碳基团与基体易反应而导致基体材料污染等问题,采用PECVD方法低温原位在Ni-TiH₂基体上制备CNTs/TiNi复合钎料,采用XRD,SEM,Raman,TEM等对制备的复合钎料进行表征与分析.结果表明,该方法不仅保证了复合钎料中CNTs的结构完美和均匀分散性,而且保证了TiH₂不会因温度过高分解,避免了复合钎料体系中钛与碳之间反应,真正意义上实现了CNTs对TiNi复合钎料的强化.通过复合钎料中CNTs的增强效果,缓解钎焊接头的残余应力,提高钎焊接头的力学、热学及高温性能,可实现陶瓷、复合材料与金属复合构件的可靠连接及高温使用.     

A zinc/silicon dioxide composite film: Fabrication and anti‐corrosion characterization

A zinc/silicon dioxide composite film has been electrodeposited on carbon steel surface via adding tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in zinc nitrate solution. The advantage of this method is that the metal/inorganic composite film can be fabricated without adding solid particles in solution. Polarization curve results showed that the composite film obtained at a TEOS concentration of 0.012 M had the best corrosion resistance. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results indicated that this film had a corrosion protection effect in 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution for hundreds of hours. This kind of composite film can be potentially applied as anti‐corrosion coating for metal corrosion protection.     

Preparation of carbon nanotube composite material with metal matrix by electroplating

It is demonstrated that the nickel can be deposited directly on the surface of carbon nanotubes without pre-sensitization by Sn^2＋ and Pd^2＋ in a watt bath containing suspended nanotubes by electroplating. The nickel is deposited as spherical nanoparticle on the nanotubes. By increasing reaction time, the carbon nanotube is fully coated with nickel. A probable model, which represents the formation process of carbon nanotube-nickel composites by electroplating, is presented. The results show that this method is efficient and simple for preparing carbon nanotube-metal composite.     

镁合金表面碳酸盐复合转化膜的制备及耐蚀性能研究

采用Mn²⁺/HCO₃^-水溶液为处理液,在AZ91D镁合金表面上制得了Mg₆Al₂(OH)₁₆CO₃•4H₂O/MnCO₃复合膜。通过扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析了膜层的表面形貌和成分,利用极化曲线和交流阻抗（EIS）、浸泡试验来评价该转化膜的耐蚀性。结果表明,NaOH溶液的滴加能有效促进碳酸锰的沉积,随着滴加速度的降低,膜层的沉积量逐渐增大,当滴加速度为每隔3 min滴加1 mL时,膜层最为均匀、完整,耐蚀性明显优于镁合金基体,试样的腐蚀速度为9.8×10^-5 A•cm^-2,约为镁合金基体的1/30。     

铜基体预沉积铜-金刚石复合过渡层金刚石膜的制备与表征（英文）

在铜基体表面电沉积铜-金刚石复合过渡层,采用电镀铜加固突出基体表面的金刚石颗粒,最后利用热丝化学气相沉积(HFCVD)法在复合过渡层上沉积大面积的与基体结合牢固的连续金刚石膜。采用扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱和压痕试验对所沉积的金刚石膜的表面形貌、内应力及膜/基结合性能进行研究。结果表明:金刚石膜由粗大的立方八面体颗粒与细小的(111)显露面颗粒组成,细颗粒填充在粗颗粒之间,形成连续的金刚石膜。复合过渡层中的露头金刚石经CVD同质外延生长成粗金刚石颗粒,而铜表面与粗金刚石之间的二面角上的二次形核繁衍长大成细金刚石颗粒。金刚石膜/基结合力的增强主要来源于金刚石膜与基体之间形成镶嵌咬合和较低的膜内应力。     

掺钨类金刚石膜离子渗硫后的微观结构与摩擦学性能

探讨了掺钨类金刚石(W-DLC)膜沉积及离子渗硫两步合成DLC和WS2复合固体润滑膜的新方法。利用低温离子渗硫技术对4种钨含量的W-DLC膜进行离子渗硫处理,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、俄歇扫描探针(SAM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼光谱仪(Raman),纳米硬度计(Nano-indenter)和摩擦磨损试验机考察了渗硫处理后W-DLC膜的微观结构与摩擦学性能。结果表明:渗硫处理使W-DLC膜中生成了WS2,促进了DLC膜的石墨化,并降低了其纳米硬度;随钨含量增加,渗硫处理的W-DLC膜纳米硬度逐渐升高,摩擦系数和磨损率逐渐减小,渗硫后的27.7%W-DLC膜表现出最优异的摩擦学性能。     

高分子络合法制备NiO薄膜及其表面形貌

采用溶胶凝胶法在不锈钢基片上沉积N iO薄膜。考察溶胶粘度对薄膜形貌的影响,并利用热重-差热分析、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射等对前驱体热分解行为、薄膜形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明：直接以聚丙烯酸（PAA）为螯合剂,醋酸镍为镍源,去离子水为溶剂合成了均匀稳定的溶胶,随着溶胶粘度的降低获得的N iO薄膜表面更加光滑致密;在烧结过程中,干凝胶前驱体于450℃已经基本完全分解并逐渐形成晶体N iO;随烧结温度升高,N iO薄膜表面颗粒大小增加,结构更加完善;经500℃烧结2 h时获得了结晶度高,结构致密的N iO薄膜,有望成为高性能薄膜锂离子电池的阳极材料。     

Interposition fixing structure of TiO2 film deposited on activated carbon fibers

1 Introduction Immobilization of TiO2 film on a substrate is necessary for its applications as TiO2 suspensions have fatal limitations in difficult separation and filtration for its reuse[1]. Thus, the fixing stability of TiO2 film with its substrate is …     

Industrial testing of property-modified prebaked carbon anode for aluminum electrolysis

1　INTRODUCTIONInaluminumelectrolysis process ,thequantitygradeofcarbonanoderestrictsnotonlytheimprove mentofproductiontechniques ,butalsotheadvance mentofproductiontargets.Formany years ,largenumberofresearchesweredonetoimprovethephysi cal,chemicalandelectrochemicalperformanceoftheanodeinordertoenhancecurrentefficiency ,reduceenergyconsumption ,decrease productioncostandcleancircumstanceofaluminum plantanditssur roundingarea .Recently ,manylaboratoryresearchresultsweresuccessfullyappliedf…