TS-240在造硫酸亚铁膜条件下的缓蚀性能研究

通过一系列试验,研究了在硫酸亚铁膜完整和不完整两种条件下,TS-240对铜材的缓蚀性能。试验结果和现场应用效果表明,TS-240对硫酸亚铁膜不造成影响,而且在硫酸亚铁膜不完整条件下,TS-240对铜材有优良的缓蚀性能。     

循环冷却水系统不停车清洗

本文叙述了在不停车条件下对循环水系统进行清洗的配方选择及清洗实施方案。实践证明:采用H_2SO_4、TZ-401做清洗剂,TS-604做分散阻垢剂,TS-606做粘泥剥离剂,硫脲做为缓蚀剂能达到良好的剥泥、除垢及缓蚀效果。     

两种新型辅助热稳定剂的研究

采用静态热老化、脱氯化氢实验研究了自制的TS-5、TS-7辅助稳定剂在高锌钙比(质量比为1.25/0.25)的热稳定体系中的作用。结果表明:在180℃条件下,以TS-7作为辅助稳定剂制备的PVC试片具有良好的初期白度和较长的锌烧时间;TS-5和TS-7分别与季戊四(醇PER)复配能够综合改善所制PVC试片的热稳定性能,获得了良好的初期和中期(热老化20~30 min)白度和较长的锌烧时间(90 min)。改善了以PER辅助热稳定剂制备的PVC试片锌烧时间短(40 min),以D-山梨醇辅助热稳定剂制备的PVC试片白度不理想的缺点。     

以水玻璃和三氯化钛为硅源和钛源合成介孔TS-1沸石及其催化性能研究

采用水玻璃为硅源、三氯化钛为钛源,在四丙基氢氧化铵（TAPOH）和阳离子聚合物共模板的条件下,成功地合成了介孔TS-1沸石。采用X-射线衍射、N2-物理吸附、扫描电镜、透射电镜、红外光谱和紫外光谱对合成的介孔TS-1沸石进行了表征。结果表明,合成的样品具有很好的结晶度和良好的四配位骨架Ti,并且沸石晶体内存在丰富的介孔结构。对大分子二苯基硫醚和二苄基硫醚的氧化实验结果显示,与微孔TS-1相比,含有介孔的TS-1沸石具有更好的催化性能。     

含钛高硅沸石TS-1、TS-2的合成及表征之进展

近年来,人们成功地制备了分别具有MFI和MEL拓扑结构的含钛高硅沸石TS-1和TS-2。这些新型沸石对温和条件下用双氧水氧化许多有机化合物有独特的催化效果,因而引起了人们的极大关注。本文较详细地介绍了TS-1和TS-2的合成方法、表征方法及催化性能,并综述了不同条件对合成和表征的影响。     

TS-1催化丙烯环氧化反应及动力学研究

研究了丙烯环氧化反应条件,系统考察了反应压力、溶剂中水质量分数、TS-1质量分数以及反应温度对过氧化氢转化率以及环氧丙烷选择性的影响,采用非机理速率方程确定了主反应动力学参数。并采用该反应动力学模型对TS-1质量分数、溶剂中水质量分数对在不同温度下的双氧水转化速率常数进行了关联。为今后建立复杂动力学模型以及该工艺的工业化打下了良好的基础。     

铁掺杂TS-1分子筛催化剂催化苯羟基化制备苯酚反应

本研究通过浸渍法制备了铁/TS-1系列催化剂,将制备的新型催化剂应用于苯直接羟基化制备苯酚的反应。研究了铁/TS-1催化剂的制备条件(煅烧温度,煅烧时间和铁的负载量)对催化活性的影响。考察了在不同的反应条件(反应时间,催化剂的量,H2O2的量)下铁/TS-1催化剂对苯羟基化制备苯酚的催化活性。在优化反应条件下得到苯的转化率为11.2%和苯酚的选择性为100%。     

TS-1催化剂选择性加氢脱硫性能的研究

通过负载Co -Mo活性组分及乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)对TS-1催化剂进行改性,以全馏分FCC汽油为探针原料,考察其选择性加氢脱硫性能并考察了反应条件的影响.采用XRD、XRF、FT-IR、BET及UV -Vis对催化剂进行了表征.反应结果表明,TS-1具有良好的选择性加氢脱硫性能,其脱硫活性对温度和空速敏感,烯烃加氢活性对温度和空速的变化不敏感;负载Co -Mo后的TS-1在高温下表现出很好的保烯烃性能和较好的脱硫能力;再加入第3组分EDTA改性后的TS-1催化剂脱硫活性和烯烃加氢活性均大幅提高并对反应温度敏感,低温下具有高脱硫活性和高加氢选择性.     

无机原料制备TS-1分子筛及其催化环己酮氨氧化

分别以硅溶胶和白炭黑为硅源、三氯化钛为钛源合成了TS-1分子筛。采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM、TEM和低温N2吸附-脱附等方法表征,表明两种无机硅源均可制备结晶度较好和晶体结构完整的TS-1分子筛。将制备的TS-1分子筛用于催化环己酮氨氧化,结果表明,在优化反应条件下,硅溶胶制备的TS-1分子筛具有比白炭黑制备的TS-1更好的催化性能。     

基于羧酸改性TS-1分子筛的制备与环氧化性能研究

钛硅分子筛（TS-1分子筛）催化烯烃环氧化反应具有条件温和、环境友好等特点。以有机羧酸代替传统的无机酸TS-1分子筛的处理,有效降低了TS-1分子筛的非骨架钛含量。有机羧酸的酸性相对无机酸较弱,对骨架钛的损害较小。并且,TS-1分子筛在煅烧时,有机酸根会降解并逸出体系,不会形成额外的酸性位点。在3-氯丙烯环氧化反应中,三氯乙酸处理后的TS-1分子筛具有较高的环氧氯丙烷选择性和收率以及H2O2利用率。此外,三氯乙酸处理后的TS-1分子筛具有良好重复性能,以及更长的使用寿命。由此可见,三氯乙酸等有机酸可以有效替代盐酸等无机酸对TS-1分子筛进行处理。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。