环境工程专业学生实践能力培养研究

环境工程专业作为一门工程性和应用性很强的学科,它要求本专业的学生应具有一定的实践操作能力,工程设计和管理能力。因此在环境工程专业教学中需加强对学生工程实践能力,创新能力的培养,以适应不断发展壮大的环保产业对高素质人才的需求。文章对环境工程专业实践教学体系的构建进行了研究和探讨,以便促进教学工作,提高教学质量。     

浅议环境工程专业实践教学

实践教学是环境工程专业教学环节中重要的一环,文章分析了环境工程专业实践教学中存在的主要问题:"实验设备和基地建设不完善,实验教学内容安排随意,缺乏对实践教学重要性的认识,实践教学组织管理混乱,实践教学考核体制不完善"等。并针对这些问题提出了开展实践教学的必要性,原则及实践教学的方法,以期为环境工程专业的实践教学发展提供一定的参考。     

基于创新能力培养的环境工程实验室开放模式探索

创新能力的培养是环境工程专业人才培养的一个重要方面,而环境工程专业实践教学对培养学生的实践能力和创新能力有着理论教学不可替代的作用。结合本校环境工程的专业特色和目前环境工程专业实验室的具体情况,分析了环境工程专业实验教学中存在的问题,以培养学生创新能力为出发点,探索相应的实验室开放机制和管理模式,构建合理的实践教学体系,促进学生创新能力的培养。     

环境工程微生物学多方式综合教学模式探索

环境工程微生物是环境工程专业学生必修的专业基础课,搞好环境工程微生物学教学可以为培养高水平环保人才奠定坚实的基础。针对当前环境工程微生物学教学中存在的实际问题从基础理论教学和实验教学两个方面进行了教改。通过优化和拓展教学内容,丰富和改进教学方式,构建了具有专业特色的创新型多方式综合教学模式,激发了学生对环境工程微生物学的浓厚兴趣,培养了学生的创新性思维和解决环境问题的创新实践能力。     

适应工程教育专业认证的环境工程类专业实践教学体系构建

依据工程教育认证通用标准中要求,以地方本科院校环境工程专业为例,整合"实验操作、课程设计、专业实习、专业实践"四类实践教学环节,构建了工科与相关学科(理学、管理学等)融合、实体产业与课堂教学融合、实践能力与创新素质融合的闭环式环境工程专业实践教学体系,本研究对理工科专业的工程教育认证和地方高校人才培养质量提升具有一定借...     

结合注册环保工程师考试——开展卓越工程师培养探索与研究

结合注册环保工程师考试,开展卓越工程师培养探索与研究;对我校环境工程专业培养过程中存在的问题,对培养目标、培养模式、培养途径等进行了阐述,将4个实践环节有机的组合起来,构建一个环境工程专业新的实践教学体系;提高本校环境工程专业学生的实践能力、创新能力和综合素质。     

地方本科院校环境工程专业实践教学基地建设的探讨

为针对提高环境工程专业学生的工程实践能力和创新能力,增强地方本科院校学生的社会竞争力,嘉应学院化学与环境学院构建了环境工程专业实践教学基地。本文介绍了构建实践教学基地的必要性、实践教学体系内容以及取得的成果和应用情况,对其他院校建设实践教学基地具有借鉴作用。     

基于泛雅平台的环境工程翻转课堂实验教学研究

根据现阶段环境工程专业人才需求的形势和专业认证的需求,以培养创新、应用型人才为目的,在环境工程专业传统实验教学的基础上进行了教学改革。以环境工程专业的必修课程“环境工程综合实验”为例,利用泛雅平台建立了翻转课堂教学模式,并将其应用于教学实践。实践表明采用线上线下结合方式进行实验教学,有助于激发学生的学习兴趣,培养创新能力,学生的实验设计能力和学习效果得到了有效的提高。     

环境工程专业实践教学新体系的研究与实践

为建立具有环境工程专业特色、复合型高级技术人才的培养体系,从编制环境工程专业培养方案入手,以3+3+3新的实践教学体系为其特色;通过改革教学模式,建设环境工程专业实验室、模拟实训系统、实习基地等实践教学平台,编制大气污染控制课程设计指导书等,保障新体系实施。教学实践表明对强化学生基本实践能力培养、综合实践能力培养、创新实践能力培养取得很好成效。     

独立学院制药工程专业化工原理实践教学探索

根据独立学院专业的定位和培养目标,针对教学实践中所碰到的问题,对化工原理的实践教学进行了改革和探索,建立了适合于独立学院本科层次、突出学生工程应用能力培养的化工原理实践教学模式.实践结果表明,教学效果良好.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。