双层CMOS工艺实现湿敏振荡器

本文提出了用双层多晶CMOS工艺来设计和制造湿度控制的多级振荡器.为电路所集成的一部分的温度传感头其结构为叉指状多晶硅电容结构.通过对标准版图的适当调整,便可实现传感器与CMOS工艺的兼容.     

具有电容阵列和电感阵列的1.8~2.6GHz CMOS压控振荡器

设计了一个具有开关电容阵列和开关电感阵列的1.76~2.56GHz CMOS压控振荡器。电路采用0.18µm 1P6M CMOS工艺实现。经测试,压控振荡器的频率调谐范围为37%。在频率调谐范围内及1MHz频偏处,相位噪声变化范围为-118.5dBc/Hz至 -122.8dBc/Hz。在1.8V电源电压下,功耗约为14.4mW。基于具有电容阵列和电感阵列的可重构LC谐振回路,对压控振荡器的调谐范围参数进行了分析和推导,所得结果为电路设计提供了指导。     

基于分段电容阵列的改进型逐次逼近型ADC

为缩短高速模数转换器(ADC)中高位(MSB)电容建立时间以及减小功耗,提出了一种基于分段式电容阵列的改进型逐次逼近型(SAR)ADC结构,通过翻转小电容阵列代替翻转大电容阵列以产生高位数字码,并利用180 nm CMOS工艺实现和验证了此ADC结构。该结构一方面可以缩短产生高位数码字过程中的转换时间,提高量化速度;另一方面其可以延长大电容的稳定时间,减小参考电压的负载。通过缩小比较器输入对管的面积以减小寄生电容带来的误差,提升高位数字码的准确度。同时,利用一次性校准技术减小比较器的失配电压。最终,采用180 nm CMOS工艺实现该10 bit SAR ADC,以验证该改进型结构。结果表明,在1.8 V电源电压、780μW功耗、有电路噪声和电容失配情况下,该改进型SAR ADC得到了58.0 dB的信噪失真比(SNDR)。     

基于CMOS图像传感器中DPGA的电容阵列优化研究

本文结合用于CM0S图像传感器中的低噪声DPGA的性能特点,提出了一种优化电容阵列拓扑结构的方法,讨论了此种结构下由寄生电容引入的时钟馈通和电荷分配效应,并给出了仿真结果和按照0.35 μ m CMOS工艺进行流片的版图.测试结果表明,采用改进的电容阵列结构能把采样电容引入的噪声斜率从原来的0.15降低到0.01.     

一种可用于T-DMB的快速调谐RC有源低通滤波器

设计了一种可用于T-DMB射频接收机的快速调谐RC有源低通滤波器,采用级联方法实现,并使用数字逻辑控制的电容阵列补偿了因工艺及工作条件变化而变化的元器件参数.基于SMIC 0.18μm、1.8V CMOS混合信号工艺,实现了七阶切比雪夫RC有源低通滤波器的设计,且其在RC时间常数±30%的变化情况下获得极小的截止频率(800 kHz)误差,并获得较快的调谐时间和高线性.调谐时间取决于数字逻辑控制的位数和比对时钟周期.     

在-55~125℃范围内误差小于±0.3℃硅基温度传感器

提出了基于寄生参数自校正的高精度温度传感器,并给出了基于CSMC 0.5μm混合信号CMOS工艺的仿真结果.利用CMOS工艺衬底pnp三极管的发射区-基区pn结作为温度传感单元,提出了易于开关-电容电路实现的寄生电阻校正方法,消除了基区电阻非线性对温度测量的影响,提高了测量精度.电路仿真结果显示,系统测温误差在-55℃～125℃范围内仅为±0.3℃.     

在-55～125℃范围内误差小于±0.3℃硅基温度传感器

提出了基于寄生参数自校正的高精度温度传感器,并给出了基于CSMC 0.5μm混合信号CMOS工艺的仿真结果.利用CMOS工艺衬底pnp三极管的发射区-基区pn结作为温度传感单元,提出了易于开关-电容电路实现的寄生电阻校正方法,消除了基区电阻非线性对温度测量的影响,提高了测量精度.电路仿真结果显示,系统测温误差在-55℃～125℃范围内仅为±0.3℃.     

二极管原理非制冷红外焦平面阵列的集成设计

面向非制冷红外成像的低成本高性能应用,二极管原理的红外焦平面阵列的设计和工艺实现得到研究和发展.焦平面和读出电路的设计集成以及CMOS和MEMS工艺集成是此项技术的研究重点.基于SOI的二极管原理焦平面阵列在低成本的利用CMOS工艺实现大规模阵列集成方面有很大的优势.读出电路是基于标准CMOS工艺进行设计的.320×2...     

铁电存储器的研究及其工艺上的实现

本文工作设计了带有读出电路的铁电存储器阵列，研究了铁电电容工艺与标准CMOS工艺的集成，重点讨论了在实际工艺过程中所遇到的铁电薄膜的刻蚀、薄膜开裂等问题及其解决办法。     

一种10位120 MS/s逐次逼近A/D转换器

基于SMIC 65 nm CMOS工艺,设计了一种10位120 MS/s逐次逼近A/D转换器。电路为1.2 V电源供电,采用基于单调转换方式的改进型低功耗D/A电容阵列,相比于传统电容阵列,功耗降低了91%。采用一级动态预放大加一级动态锁存器的动态比较器,以降低功耗和提高速度。设计了与电容阵列工作方式相结合的异步逻辑控制电路,以降低外部时钟设计难度,并在控制功耗的前提下提高速度。Spectre仿真验证结果表明,在采样频率为120 MHz,输入信号频率为60 MHz时,SFDR达到81.07 dB,有效位数大于9位,具有良好的动态性能。电路整体功耗约为600 μW。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks