滚压成型机滚头轴控制系统的研制

采用变频调速器实现滚压成型机滚头轴的速度控制,实现滚压成型机的柔性化设计,使之能适应多品种产品生产的需要,而且生产效率得到提高。     

"假设检验"在聚丙烯包装中的应用

运用正态总体数学期望的“假设检验”,可以判断聚丙烯自动包装装置的运行状况;根据“假设检验”的原理开发了一套聚丙烯质量抽样检验系统程序软件。使用这套软件可以消除手工计算的局限性,省去了中间繁琐的步骤．使运行结果一目了然。     

基于MATLAB的自适应预测函数控制计算机辅助设计

开发一套基于MATALAB的自适应预测函数控制（APFC）计算机辅助设计软件包,在介绍了APFC原理基础上,从APFC算法模块库,APFC控制与常规PFC控制鲁棒性的比较研究等几个方面介绍了APFC软件包的功能及实现方法,该软件包的开发,为研究APFC算法提供了一条有效的途径。     

Modeling and simulation of a smart catalytic converter combining NOx storage, ammonia production and SCR

Dynamic simulation of the smart catalytic converter, proposed by Daimler AG, is presented. The smart catalytic converter combines NOx storage, on-board ammonia production and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and functions in a dual-mode operation, alternating between lean burn and rich burn. It relies on intrinsic dynamic operation and synchronization of all units and its development demands a reliable dynamic simulator. A platform capable of simulating the dynamic behavior of multiple-unit aftertreatment system was developed based on COMSOL package. Predictive kinetic models were developed for NOx storage unit that includes ammonia formation function and for NH₃-SCR unit. Using these kinetic models, two-unit smart catalytic converter was simulated on the developed simulator. The results of the simulator were validated using two-unit experimental data. The simulator was also employed to control and optimize the performance of smart catalytic converter. It was shown that the simulator is vital for optimization of lean and rich periods in order to ensure stable lean–rich cycles.     

Industry-Driven Rapid Prototyping for Comparing Nonlinear Control Schemes in Pyomo

With ongoing digitalization, fast simulation of process dynamics offers new opportunities for model-based control schemes. This is eased by the availability of high-level, open-access, easy-to-use software able to simulate and optimize chemical processes, making rapid prototyping possible also for the chemical engineer. In this study, the capabilities of the Python-based open-source software package Pyomo towards industrial application is illustrated in modeling and comparing different control schemes for a simple Williams-Otto process. It is shown how to simulate the process dynamics and how to compute optimal control trajectories for minimizing waste and maximizing yield. Two approaches to setpoint tracking are compared: one based on proportional-integral feedback control and one based on optimal open-loop control.     

热力学计算研究浮法玻璃的生产工艺过程

浮法玻璃是最重要的玻璃产品,产量大,生产过程涉及的因素众多.本文简述用化学热力学计算分析的方法来研究复杂实际浮法玻璃体系的相转变机理和生产过程,讨论生产的各个阶段和相关的问题,包括:作为研究工具的化学热力学计算分析平台MTDATA和相应数据库及数据测量的介绍;列为各个阶段的硅酸盐反应,玻璃结构的形成,澄清、均化机理,气泡的产生、转化、平衡的规律,耐火材料侵蚀等以及热力学研究在浮法玻璃研发中的现状和问题.     

炼油企业全厂调度优化系统的设计与开发

生产调度优化对于炼油企业提高经济效益、增强市场响应速度有着重要的作用。本文设计并开发出一款图形化炼厂生产调度优化软件,采用MVC架构技术,实现了调度优化建模的图形化,可以方便组态炼油厂调度模型;将开源优化代码Coin-OR移植为调度优化软件的求解器,实现了求解器与图形化建模接口的连接;丰富的报表输出,让现场操作工可以各种形式获得调度优化结果;完善的内部模型数据管理和丰富的外部数据接口,包括原油性质指标库和原油评价数据库接口、成品油性质指标库等。仿真结果表明,该软件能够优化出符合炼厂生产实际的调度优化排产方案。     

Increasing the endurance of the converter lining

A brief review of the expertise in increasing the endurance of the lining for converters gained at the West Siberia Iron and Steel Works (WSISW) is given. Within three years after the WSISW oxygen converter shop has been put in service, the lining endurance could be improved to 728 heats (1.8 times the design endurance). A flame gunning technology has been developed, which made it possible to achieve an endurance of 1300 heats (at a maximum of 2500 heats). A technology for repairing the converter lining by applying a slag coating (scull) in the stream of an inert gas has been developed. The combined effect of these two technologies made it possible, in 2003, to achieve an average endurance of 2476 heats (at a maximum of 4500 heats).Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 6, June, 2004, pp. 7–10.     

Improving Lining Resistance Using High-Magnesia Fluxes in the Converter Steelmaking Process

Tests carried out at the Severstal Joint-Stock Co. and Magnitogorskii Iron-and-Steel Works JSC showed that a lime-magnesia flux containing 30 – 35% MgO used in the converter steelmaking process produced a favorable effect on the refractory lining resistance. Compositions for high-magnesia granules (50 – 65% MgO) were developed, their properties characterized, and the rate of solution in the slag melt was determined. Using these granules in the converter process makes it possible to increase the service life of periclase-carbon refractories for converter linings.     

Mullite-corundum ramming compound for the pits of steel casting and donkey ladles

Conclusions A composition consisting of mullite corundum ramming compound MMK-72 was developed for making the bottoms of steel casting and intermediate (donkey) ladles of the converter shop of the Azovstal' factory; it was prepared from high-alumina chamotte and kaolin with a bond of orthophosphoric acid. Using the standard TU 14-297-17-78, the production of the compound is being organized at the Zaporozhe factory. The MMK-72 compound is being introduced in the converter shop of the Azovstal' factory.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 12–13, February, 1981.     

Increase in the efficiency of using mixes for semidry torcreting of the vertical surfaces of a converter lining

A new procedure is described for testing mixes for semidry torcreting of the vertical surfaces of a converter lining, developed by the laboratory services for refractories together with specialists of the converter section of the OAO MMK acid-converter workshop (ACW). The procedure makes it possible to reduce the tonnage of test mixes and to determine sufficiently accurately the operating characteristics of the torcrete materials. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 11, pp. 11–12, November 2008.     

Localization of gas evolution from a spinning package in the preparation of Ovilan-2 fibre

Conclusions A method has been developed for localizing gas evolution from a spinning package after it has been built up on a PLTs-250-I machine.The method of completely regenerating the yarn and degassing the package at a reserve site makes it possible to increase the concentration in the GAM drawn off from the centrifugal recess collector or routed to regeneration, reduce drops in concentration, and to additionally regenerate 6.5% by wt. of the carbon disulfide which has been assigned for xanthation.Degassing of a package prevents discharge of carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide into the machine servicing zone on the side of package removal.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 51–52, September–October, 1984.     

Manufacture and testing of tar-bonded dolomite-magnesite brick

Conclusion The use of calcined dolomite powder without supplementary grinding, preprocessed with fused coal-tar pitch, for making unfired goods with a tar bond makes it possible to produce refractories with a high resistance to hydration and with other satisfactory properties.The testing of dolomite-magnesite brick with a tar bond in the lining of a ladle, imitating a converter with oxygen blow, showed that it had a high wear resistance; the wear intensity is no different from that of periclasespinel brick.Tarred dolomite-magnesite goods with metal cladding showing certain advantages in service over unclad products, need to be tested in large quantities, especially in the charging side and in the throat of the lining of the converter.To obtain data more reliably reflecting the life of dolomite-magnesite brick with a tar bond in converters working with oxygen, the authors should carry out repeat tests of these refractories in conditions excluding the long intermelting downtime-Editors.     

Design and implementation of a next-generation software interface for on-the-fly quantum and force field calculations in automated reaction mechanism generation

A software interface for performing on-the-fly quantum and force field calculations has been developed and integrated into RMG, an open-source reaction mechanism generation software package, to provide needed estimates of thermodynamic parameters. These estimates based on three-dimensional molecular geometries bypasses the traditional group-additivity-based approach, which can suffer from lack of availability of necessary parameters; this issue is particularly evident for polycyclic species with fused rings, which would require ad hoc ring corrections in the group-additivity framework. In addition to making extensive use of open-source tools, the interface takes advantage of recent developments from several fields, including three-dimensional geometry embedding, force fields, and chemical structure representation, along with enhanced robustness of quantum chemistry codes. The effectiveness of the new approach is demonstrated for a computer-constructed model of combustion of the synthetic jet fuel JP-10. The interface also establishes a framework for future improvements in the chemical fidelity of computer-generated kinetic models.     

An autonomous wave-powered desalination system

The potential for an autonomous wave-powered desalination system is considered and it is identified that the most promising configuration is a reverse osmosis (RO) plant utilising a pressure exchanger-intensifier for energy recovery. A numerical model of the RO plant with a pressure exchanger-intensifier is developed that shows that a specific energy consumption of less than 2.0 kW h/m³ over a wide range of sea-water feed conditions, making it particularly suitable for use with a variable power source such as wave energy. A numerical model of the combined wave-power and desalination plant is also developed that shows that it is possible to supply the desalination plant with sea-water directly pressurised by the wave energy converter, eliminating the cost and energy losses associated with converting the energy into electricity and back to pressurised water. For a typical sea-state the specific hydraulic energy consumption of the desalination plant is estimated to be 1.85 kW h/m³ whilst maintaining a recovery-ratio of less than 25 to 35% to avoid the need for chemical pre-treatment to eliminate scaling problems. It is suggested that the economic potential for wave-powered desalination depends on these energy and cost savings more than compensating for the reduction in membrane life that occurs with variable feed conditions.     

基于多组件技术的化工工艺设计软件包设计构想

分析了“化工工艺设计软件包”的开发需求,提出了基于多Agent（组件）技术的“软件包”的总体设计构想。认为“软件包”应具有智力创造、分析计算、设计表达和材料统计等核心功能：体系结构可分为工艺流程模拟、工艺配管材料统计子系统和设计管理3个子系统（组件）。对于今后软件包的开发研究提出了建议。     

Calculation of Equilibrium for Multicomponent Mixtures Using the Parameters of Models for Binary Pairs of Pure Components

Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering - An algorithm and an application software package have been developed for calculating the vapor–liquid equilibrium of multicomponent mixtures...     

间歇化学反应温度先进控制系统

由于间歇化学反应器中动力学参数的不确定性和时变性,使其成为先进控制算法工业应用的主要对象。本文对以预测函数控制算法（PFC）为核心并结合PID控制的先进控制算法进行了研究,针对间歇化学反应器的温度跟踪控制问题,提出了包括PFC在内的四种控制方案的先进控制策略。并在SUPCON－JX300集散控制系统上开发了间歇反应温度跟踪先进控制软件包,工业现场运行取得了很好的结果。     

立式热虹吸再沸器设计及核算软件开发

在查阅和分析国内外大量立式热虹吸再沸器资料的基础上，传承再沸器的各种设计方法，并用具体的工业生产实例进行考核。最终，编制出通用于各种工艺工况，便于进行立式热虹吸再沸器设计的软件，为编制开发出统一应用于各种工艺条件下热虹吸再沸器的设计软件包成为可能。