组合导向浮阀塔板的雾沫夹带实验及CFD模拟

对组合导向浮阀塔板进行了水力学实验，测定了2块直径1m、不同浮阀排布的组合导向浮阀塔板的雾沫夹带和相关水力学数据。根据实验塔板的结构和尺寸参数建立几何模型，采用Fluent 6.3.26软件对板上气液两相流动进行CFD模拟，考察了塔板上的气液两相流动状况。清液层高度和雾沫夹带的模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好，验证了模拟的准确性。对两块不同浮阀排布的组合导向浮阀塔板的雾沫夹带和板上液体反向流进行了分析，结果表明在适当位置用导向能力更强的梯形浮阀代替矩形浮阀可有效降低雾沫夹带率和液体反向流比例，雾沫夹带率的实验值和模拟值分别降低了13.4%和10.6%，液体反向流比例降低了12.8%。研究结果表明，通过CFD模拟可望指导两种浮阀的合理排布和塔板的优化设计。     

氧化沟内曝气器布置方式对曝气性能的影响规律

研究中试微孔曝气氧化沟内清水和活性污泥混合液中溶解氧的传递特性,考察了曝气器布置方式(交叉式、并排式和集中式)对清水和污泥混合液中氧传质效率的影响.结果 表明,清水和活性污泥混合液中,交叉式曝气器布置方式下的氧传质效率最高,且交叉式＞并排式＞集中式.在活性污泥混合液中,DO浓度在1.3～1.7 mg/L之间时,三种曝气...     

Feasibility study and CFD‐aided design for a new type oxidation ditch based on airlift circulation

A new type oxidation ditch, airlift oxidation ditch (ALOD), was designed based on the research about airlift reactors and fluidized beds. Three important functions: propulsion, oxygenation, and mixing, can be achieved simultaneously. The flow in this ALOD was simulated for the purpose of feasibility verification and preliminary design. The influences of the relative location of the clapboards, the distance between clapboard and surface, as well as the aerator array were discussed. A bench‐scale reactor was built to test the performance of the ALOD. All results provide evidence for the potential use of ALOD in municipal wastewater treatment.     

Experimental and simulation studies on intermittent aeration in an oxidation ditch

The simultaneous removal of nitrogen and organic substances can be enhanced by establishing an anoxic stage through intermittent aeration in the oxidation ditch system. In this study, investigations on substrate removal and the optimal operating conditions of a laboratory-scale oxidation ditch system with intermittent aeration were carried out using synthetic wastewater. Up to 96% of the carbonaceous substances and 93% of total nitrogen were removed. A theoretical model developed for this system gave good agreement with the experimental data.     

On the simulation of hydrocyclones using CFD

This study reports on the development of a complete solution methodology for the simulation of a hydrocyclone. A commercial software package, Ansys 12 Fluid Dynamics, is used to solve the governing conservation equations. Turbulence is modelled using the large eddy simulation, and the discrete particle model was used to predict the particle separation. Two hydrocyclones of differing geometries are explored, and the results compared with experimental values. It is shown that there are two key factors for obtaining a reliable result. The first is the domain discretisation, and the second is the generation of a consistent initial value, including the establishment of a stable air core. Using the methodology developed, superior agreement was obtained for predicted and experimental values of pressure, velocity distribution, air core profile and separation efficiency. © 2012 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering     

CFD simulation of large-scale bubble plumes: Comparisons against experiments

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have been carried out to simulate a turbulent, bubble plume in a liquid pool. A two-fluid enhanced k-? model has been used, with the extra source terms introduced to account for the interaction between the bubbles and the liquid and transient calculations have been performed to study the plume growth, the acceleration of the liquid due to viscous drag, and the approach to steady-state conditions. In order to obtain correct spreading of the plume observed experimentally, it was observed that interfacial forces like lift and turbulent dispersion plays important role. The sensitivity analysis for drag coefficient and two different turbulent dispersion forces is presented. The development of the flow variables has been compared with the experimental data. From the CFD predictions obtained in the present work, it can be concluded that a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric assumption in this case is justified, with 2D model predictions in good agreement with the experimental data and those of a three-dimensional (3D) model, except for the shear stresses and turbulent kinetic energy. In general, quantitative comparison with the experimental data has revealed that, by applying proper models of inter-phase momentum transfer, and performing simulations based on the two-fluid model, satisfactory predictions of mean flow quantities can be obtained for this application away from the injector.     

氧化沟工艺应用研究进展

简要介绍了氧化沟工艺的发展历程,总结了氧化沟工艺向着增加厌氧区和缺氧区,将曝气和推流功能分离以及优化溶解氧浓度等运行参数实现同步硝化反硝化(SND)和同步硝化反硝化除磷(SNDPR)等方向发展的趋势。同时指出需加强循环比对氧化沟内混合液流态、溶解氧扩散传质和脱氮除磷微生物种群分布等方面响应关系的研究,以便进一步提高氧化沟工艺的脱氮除磷效率,为其设计、改造、运行提供科学依据和理论指导。     

Experimental analysis and CFD simulation of infrared apricot dryer with heat recovery

Drying is one of the easily accessible and the most widespread processing technologies that have been used since ancient times for preserving fruits. Drying is an energy-intensive and time-consuming process, so reducing energy demand is important. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the heat and mass transfer characteristics of product in the drying chamber and in addition to this, three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation was performed. The analyses of heat and mass transfer were investigated theoretically and experimentally in infrared dryer (IRD). The dryer consists of air to air heat recovery unit and proportional temperature controller. Experiments were performed at 0.5 and 0.25?m/s air velocities and at 60 and 65°C apricot surface temperatures which were controlled by three thermocouples contacted on top side of the product. In order to use energy more effectively and improve the drying characteristics of apricot, analyses were performed under different drying conditions. Since the heat recovery unit has a key role in this system, the performance of this unit was investigated and recovered energy ratio was between 58 and 62%. The calculated moisture diffusivity values varied from 1.7?×?10^?10 to 1.15?×?10^?9 for apricot, and the highest value of average energy efficiency was obtained as 16.43% at 65°C temperature and 0.25?m/s air velocity. Theoretical and experimental results are in line with each other.     

填料塔内液体分布器均布性能的CFD模拟

针对适用于规整填料的槽式液体分布器的初始布液性能 ,在现有的经验参数基础上 ,我们利用商业计算软件FLUENT对特定条件下的液体分布时的流动情况进行数值模拟计算 ,所得结果基本符合实验情况。     

Numerical simulation of in-flight particle oxidation during thermal spraying

Metal powders are widely used for thermal spray coating to improve wear, corrosion and temperature resistance of products. The high thermal profiles endured for sprayed particles give rise to oxidation on the surface of metal powders. Metallic oxides are brittle and undermine the performance of coated products. To understand the growth of oxide layers on in-flight metal powders, an oxidation model is implemented into the Lagrangian formula of particle tracking. The numerical simulation is achieved for a 3D combusting gas flow generated by a high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spray gun. The results are able to demonstrate the correlation between in-flight particle oxidation and operation parameters.     

CFD gas-liquid simulation of oriented valve tray

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has recentlyemerged as an effective tool for the investigation of the hydraulic parameters and efficiency of tray towers. The computation domain was established for two types of oriented valves within a tray and meshed into two parts with different grid types and sizes. The volume fraction correlation concerning inter-phase momentum transfer source was fitted based on experimental data, and built in UDF for simulation. The flow pattern of oriented valve tray under different operating conditionswas simulated under Eulerian-Eulerian framework with realizable k-ε model. The predicted liquid height from CFD simulation was in good agreement with the results of pressure drop and volume fraction correlations. Meanwhile, the velocity distribution and volume fraction of the two phases were demonstrated and analyzed, which are useful in design and analysis of the column trays.     

双催化层固定床甲烷化反应器CFD模拟

温度分布直接影响着固定床甲烷化反应器的甲烷产量和设备安全性。以年产12.75亿立方煤制天然气绝热甲烷化反应器为研究对象,在建立真实设备三维模型的基础上,利用ANSYS-CFX有限元数值模拟的方法,建立多孔介质内化学反应、热交换与质量传递的气-固两相反应器模型,获得了双段固定床甲烷化反应器内部温度、压力、速度场的分布规律及甲烷产率分布。对不同床层结构对应的特征场分布进行了探索,分析了床层结构对各特征场分布的影响,确定了床层结构优化方案,MCR催化剂床层出口处支撑延长的结构更有利于温度场沿反应器径向的均匀分布和甲烷质量分数的提高。对反应器入口温度、空速、压力对特征参数分布的影响进行了研究,提出了针对本工艺的允许入口参数波动范围。     

油-水旋流分离器计算流体力学模拟效果分析

油-水旋流分离器是一种新型的水力旋流设备之一。在石化等行业中显示出越来越广泛的应用前景。掌握旋流分离器内液体的流动特性对旋流分离器的应用是非常重要的。利用计算流体力学（CFD）软件对其流体的分析是分析方法之一。通过CFD对油-水旋流分离器内流态的三维数值模拟,发现这种研究方法存在一定的局限性和不完全性,如所采用的迭代次数就对液分离器的模拟效果有著明显的影响。     

锌溴液流电池通道的计算流体力学模拟

针对不同类型的锌溴液流电池通道,利用流体力学计算软件 FLUENT对流体的流动状态进行了模拟。结果表明,在相同流速条件下,直角通道和弯角通道流体的局部流速最大值都出现边壁突变处;在液流电池反应区,流体的局部流速和湍流程度的分布存在不均匀现象。通过改变进出反应区的分流通道数量和结构,可以使电解液在反应区流动均匀,改进整个流动体系的传质性能,进而使锌溴液流电池电堆的充放电性能得到提高。     

CFD simulation of gas solid flow in FCC strippers

In this paper, the hydrodynamic characteristics in bubbling fluidized beds (FCC Strippers) were simulated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code (Fluent 6.2.16). The modified Gidaspow drag model based on the effective mean diameter of the particle clusters predicted the expected bubbling fluidization behavior and bed expansion. Compared with the bed densities of in the empty-cylinder stripper, bed densities in the V-baffled stripper were at the superficial gas velocity of 0.10-0.20 m/s. The overall trend of the time-averaged bed density at various superficial gas velocities were in agreement with the experimental data. The results illustrated that internal baffles had an important effect on the fluidization hydrodynamics. Internal baffles improved break-up and redistribution of bubbles and intensified the gas-solid contact. The simulation results also indicated that appropriate modification of the internal configuration eliminated the dead flow region in the strippers, and enhanced the gas-solid mixing remarkably, showing benefit for the mass and heat transfer in the fluidized bed.     

气升式振荡环流反应器的数值模拟和结构优化

气升式振荡环流反应器（ARLR）作为一种新型的气升式环流反应器,能够有效地提高反应器的气含率和传质系数,并已得到生物发酵实验的验证。本文通过CFD的手段研究了反应器内的流动和传质状况,并利用CFD模拟和响应面分析相结合的方法,优化了反应器的结构参数,如高径比（H/D）、升液区降液区面积之比、导流筒高度等。经过实验测量,优化后的气升式振荡环流反应器与传统的气升式环流反应器相比,气含率提高了32%以上,传质系数提高了11%以上。结果表明,气升式振荡环流反应器作为生化反应器有着非常广阔的应用空间。     

DSC3200型和Landy-F型表面曝气机性能对比研究

为了考察DSC3200型表面曝气机的性能,将该表面曝气机与Landy-F表面曝气机的充氧性能、推流能力和实际污水处理厂的应用情况进行了对比研究。结果发现DSC3200型表面曝气机叶轮和Landy-F曝气叶轮的充氧能力分别为2.5～2.7和2.1～2.3kg[O2]/kW.h。通过实际氧化沟工艺污水处理厂现场流速测试结果发现,在额定功率下DSC3200的推流能力小于Landy-F的推流能力。二者在氧化沟内的的平均流速分别为0.23和0.26m/s。通过污水处理厂的硝化效果发现DSC3200型倒伞表面曝气机的充氧能力大于Landy-F型倒伞表面曝气机。     

工业级错流列管式固定床反应器的CFD模拟

工业级大型列管式固定床反应器壳程温度场与流场的均匀程度与反应的转化率及选择性密切相关。通过添加阻力源项和分散热源项,对工业级全尺寸错流列管式固定床壳程流场及温度场进行了CFD模拟研究,并进一步考察了折流板窗口区大小及其位置对壳程压降与温度分布的影响。结果表明,模拟得到壳程压降与由经验公式计算得到的压降较为接近,且壳程温度分布与工业实际数据吻合;增大窗口区面积,壳程压降呈现指数下降,同时高温差区（径向温差大于2 K）的范围与径向温差变大;随着第1块折流板位置降低,高温差区范围及径向温差均减小,但压降并不呈现规律性变化。模拟方法可用于工业级大型列管式固定床反应器的优化及设计。     

二维鼓泡床内气泡尺寸分布的实验与CFD模拟

在有机玻璃制成的二维鼓泡床(0.20m×0.02m×2.00m)内,采用摄像法对空气－自来水的气液两相体系的气泡尺寸分布进行了考察。以商业计算流体力学软件ANSYS CFX 10.0为平台,在双流体模型的基础上,采用k-ε湍流模型和GRACE曳力模型对气液鼓泡床内流体动力学行为进行了多相流CFD数值模拟。结果表明 MUSIG(Multiple Size Group)模型实现了对多气泡体系内气泡尺寸分布特性的考察,气泡尺寸分布的模拟结果与实验结果吻合得较好,从而说明了考虑了气泡聚并破碎的MUSIG模型能很好地反映出鼓泡床内气泡尺寸分布特性。