An efficient feature selection method for mobile devices with application to activity recognition

This paper presents a feature selection method for data classification, which combines a model-based variable selection technique and a fast two-stage subset selection algorithm. The relationship between a specified (and complete) set of candidate features and the class label is modeled using a non-linear full regression model which is linear-in-the-parameters. The performance of a sub-model measured by the sum of the squared-errors (SSE) is used to score the informativeness of the subset of features involved in the sub-model. The two-stage subset selection algorithm approaches a solution sub-model with the SSE being locally minimized. The features involved in the solution sub-model are selected as inputs to support vector machines (SVMs) for classification. The memory requirement of this algorithm is independent of the number of training patterns. This property makes this method suitable for applications executed in mobile devices where physical RAM memory is very limited.An application was developed for activity recognition, which implements the proposed feature selection algorithm and an SVM training procedure. Experiments are carried out with the application running on a PDA for human activity recognition using accelerometer data. A comparison with an information gain-based feature selection method demonstrates the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.     

Discriminative multi-task multi-view feature selection and fusion for multimedia analysis

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Multimedia content analysis and understanding, such as action recognition and image classification, is a fundamental research problem. One effective strategy to...     

基于自适应相似性的无监督多视图特征选择

为解决传统特征选择方法忽略视图内部特征的相关性及不同视图之间的特征关联性问题,提出一种基于自适应相似性的特征选择学习方法.在特征选择时考虑视图内部的特征相关性,对每个视图进行特征选择,通过引入图正则化,充分利用数据的局部几何特性,使同类别特征之间的联系更加紧密,达到增强算法的鲁棒性.引入L1/2稀疏范数降低噪声,提高分类模型的准确率.通过与现有的特征方法进行对比分析,提出方法在ACC和NMI上优于其它方法.     

行为识别中基于GA优化的加速度特征选择方法

在基于加速度信号的人体行为识别中,LDA是较常用的特征降维方法之一,然而LDA并不直接以训练误差作为目标函数,无法保证获得训练误差最小的投影空间。针对这一情况,采用基于GA优化的LDA进行特征选择。提取加速度信号特征,利用PCA方法解决“小样本问题”,通过GA调整LDA中类间离散度矩阵的特征值矢量,使获得的投影空间训练误差最小。采用SVM对7种日常行为进行分类。实验结果表明,与单独采用PCA和采用PCA+LDA方法相比,基于GA优化的LDA算法在保证较高识别率的同时能有效降低特征维数并减小分类误差,最终测试样本的识别率可达95.96%。     

面向表情识别的AVR和增强LBP特征选择方法

由于对局部纹理特征具有很强的描述能力,LBP（Local Binary Patterns）已经被广泛应用于模式识别、计算机视觉等相关领域,但传统的LBP在表情识别中的正确率并不高,提出了一种结合小波分解的改进LBP特征提取方法,首先使用Adaboost人脸检测算法和2D模型提取人脸图像并归一化,并使用小波分解的方法增强LBP特征,然后通过AVR（Augmented Variance Ratio）特征选取方法降维,最后使用SVM进行分类。JAFFE库上的实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

自适应嵌入的半监督多视角特征降维方法

半监督模式下的多视角特征降维方法,大多并未考虑到不同视角间特征投影的差异,且由于缺乏对降维后的低维矩阵的稀疏约束,无法避免噪声和其他不相关特征的影响。针对这两个问题,提出自适应嵌入的半监督多视角特征降维方法。首先,将投影从单视角下相同的嵌入矩阵扩展到多视角间不同的矩阵,引入全局结构保持项;然后,将无标签的数据利用无监督方法进行嵌入投影,对于有标签的数据,结合分类的判别信息进行线性投影;最后,再将两类多投影映射到统一的低维空间,使用组合权重矩阵来保留全局结构,很大程度上消除了噪声及不相关因素的影响。实验结果表明,所提方法的聚类准确率平均提高了约9%。该方法较好地保留了多视角间特征的相关性,捕获了更多的具有判别信息的特征。     

Multi-scale joint feature network for micro-expression recognition

Computational Visual Media - Micro-expression recognition is a substantive cross-study of psychology and computer science, and it has a wide range of applications (e.g., psychological and clinical...     

Modular neural-SVM scheme for speech emotion recognition using ANOVA feature selection method

The speech signal consists of linguistic information and also paralinguistic one such as emotion. The modern automatic speech recognition systems have achieved high performance in neutral style speech recognition, but they cannot maintain their high recognition rate for spontaneous speech. So, emotion recognition is an important step toward emotional speech recognition. The accuracy of an emotion recognition system is dependent on different factors such as the type and number of emotional states and selected features, and also the type of classifier. In this paper, a modular neural-support vector machine (SVM) classifier is proposed, and its performance in emotion recognition is compared to Gaussian mixture model, multi-layer perceptron neural network, and C5.0-based classifiers. The most efficient features are also selected by using the analysis of variations method. It is noted that the proposed modular scheme is achieved through a comparative study of different features and characteristics of an individual emotional state with the aim of improving the recognition performance. Empirical results show that even by discarding 22% of features, the average emotion recognition accuracy can be improved by 2.2%. Also, the proposed modular neural-SVM classifier improves the recognition accuracy at least by 8% as compared to the simulated monolithic classifiers.     

粗集特征选择的人脸识别算法

提出基于粗糙集理论属性全局重要度的特征选择方法改进人脸识别中的特征向量的表征能力。以PCA方法得到的特征向量为基础,给出粗糙集的单个特征和特征子集的属性类间分类重要度和属性类内相似重要度的概念。提出基于属性类间分类重要度的属性约简方法,并用属性类内相似重要度进行最后的特征选择,得到进行人脸图像识别分类器的特征向量。新的特征提取方法完全依赖数据本身的先验知识,可选择出最优的特征组合,提高人脸识别率。实验结果表明,与其他方法相比该方法是有效的。     

A clustering based feature selection method in spectro-temporal domain for speech recognition

Spectro-temporal representation of speech has become one of the leading signal representation approaches in speech recognition systems in recent years. This representation suffers from high dimensionality of the features space which makes this domain unsuitable for practical speech recognition systems. In this paper, a new clustering based method is proposed for secondary feature selection/extraction in the spectro-temporal domain. In the proposed representation, Gaussian mixture models (GMM) and weighted K-means (WKM) clustering techniques are applied to spectro-temporal domain to reduce the dimensions of the features space. The elements of centroid vectors and covariance matrices of clusters are considered as attributes of the secondary feature vector of each frame. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed approach, the tests were conducted for new feature vectors on classification of phonemes in main categories of phonemes in TIMIT database. It was shown that by employing the proposed secondary feature vector, a significant improvement was revealed in classification rate of different sets of phonemes comparing with MFCC features. The average achieved improvements in classification rates of voiced plosives comparing to MFCC features is 5.9% using WKM clustering and 6.4% using GMM clustering. The greatest improvement is about 7.4% which is obtained by using WKM clustering in classification of front vowels comparing to MFCC features.     

Subspace based feature selection for pattern recognition

Feature selection is an essential topic in the field of pattern recognition. The feature selection strategy has a direct influence on the accuracy and processing time of pattern recognition applications. Features can be evaluated with either univariate approaches, which examine features individually, or multivariate approaches, which consider possible feature correlations and examine features as a group. Although univariate approaches do not take the correlation among features into consideration, they can provide the individual discriminatory power of the features, and they are also much faster than multivariate approaches. Since it is crucial to know which features are more or less informative in certain pattern recognition applications, univariate approaches are more useful in these cases. This paper therefore proposes subspace based separability measures to determine the individual discriminatory power of the features. These measures are then employed to sort and select features in a multi-class manner. The feature selection performances of the proposed measures are evaluated and compared with the univariate forms of classic separability measures (Divergence, Bhattacharyya, Transformed Divergence, and Jeffries-Matusita) on several datasets. The experimental results clearly indicate that the new measures yield comparable or even better performance than the classic ones in terms of classification accuracy and dimension reduction rate.     

CGA: a new feature selection model for visual human action recognition

Neural Computing and Applications - Recognition of human actions from visual contents is a budding field of computer vision and image understanding. The problem with such a recognition system is...     

Daily living activity recognition based on statistical feature quality group selection

The benefits arising from proactive conduct and subject-specialized healthcare have driven e-health and e-monitoring into the forefront of research, in which the recognition of motion, postures and physical exercise is one of the main subjects. We propose here a multidisciplinary method for the recognition of physical activity with the emphasis on feature extraction and selection processes, which are considered to be the most critical stages in identifying the main unknown activity discriminant elements. Efficient feature selection processes are particularly necessary when dealing with huge training datasets in a multidimensional space, where conventional feature selection procedures based on wrapper methods or ‘branch and bound’ are highly expensive in computational terms. We propose an alternative filter method using a feature quality group ranking via a couple of two statistical criteria. Satisfactory results are achieved in both laboratory and semi-naturalistic activity living datasets for real problems using several classification models, thus proving that any body sensor location can be suitable to define a simple one-feature-based recognition system, with particularly remarkable accuracy and applicability in the case of the wrist.     

RGBD人体行为识别中的自适应特征选择方法

目前在RGBD视频的行为识别中,为了提高识别准确率,许多方法采用多特征融合的方式。通过实验分析发现,行为在特定特征上的分类效果好,但是多特征融合并不能体现个别特征的分类优势,同时融合后的特征维度很高,时空开销大。为了解决这个问题,提出了RGBD人体行为识别中的自适应特征选择方法,通过随机森林和信息熵分析人体关节点判别力,以高判别力的人体关节点的数量作为特征选择的标准。通过该数量阈值的筛选,选择关节点特征或者关节点相对位置作为行为识别特征。实验结果表明,该方法相比于特征融合的算法,行为识别的准确率有了较大提高,超过了大部分算法的识别结果。     

基于ASM和Gabor变换的人脸识别

人脸形状特征的变化是造成人物面貌差异的重要原因之一。主动形状模型(ASM)技术提供了检测该特征的有力手段。Gabor变换有着良好的仿生特性。它提供了理解视觉信息的有效途径。结合上述技术,采用点分布模型对人脸形状进行描述,利用ASM进行人脸特征点的搜索。以特征点上的Gabor展开系数作为人脸特征矢量,进行人脸辨识,实验结果表明,该算法能够在少量训练样本的情况下获得较高的识别率,并对光照、人物表情等变化具有较好的适应性。     

面向虹膜识别的Gabor特征筛选研究

针对2D-Gabor虹膜特征并不稳定,影响虹膜识别率的问题,提出了一种从多尺度、多方向2D-Gabor小波提取的虹膜特征中,筛选稳定特征应用于虹膜识别的方法。对虹膜图像采用多通道Gabor小波提取虹膜图像特征,然后通过自定义筛选准则从多维特征中筛选出最优特征参数并编码,用Hamming距进行特征匹配识别。基于CASIA虹膜图像库进行实验,结果表明该方法扩大了类内匹配与类间匹配之间的Hamming距,降低了等错率,同时降低了编码的长度,加快了特征匹配速度。     

Channel and feature selection for a surface electromyographic pattern recognition task

The objective of this research is to select a reduced group of surface electromyographic (sEMG) channels and signal-features that is able to provide an accurate classification rate in a myoelectric control system for any user. To that end, the location of 32 sEMG electrodes placed around-along the forearm and 86 signal-features are evaluated simultaneously in a static-hand gesture classification task (14 different gestures). A novel multivariate variable selection filter method named mRMR-FCO is presented as part of the selection process. This process finds the most informative and least redundant combination of sEMG channels and signal-features among all the possible ones. The performance of the selected set of channels and signal-features is evaluated with a Support Vector Machine classifier.     

A feature selection method for a sample-based stochastic policy

Stochastic policy gradient methods have been applied to a variety of robot control tasks such as robot’s acquisition of motor skills because they have an advantage in learning in high-dimensional and continuous feature spaces by combining some heuristics like motor primitives. However, when we apply one of them to a real-world task, it is difficult to represent the task well by designing the policy function and the feature space due to the lack of enough prior knowledge about the task. In this research, we propose a method to extract a preferred feature space autonomously to achieve a task using a stochastic policy gradient method for a sample-based policy. We apply our method to a control of linear dynamical system and the computer simulation result shows that a desirable controller is obtained and that the performance of the controller is improved by the feature selection.