NH3／CO2超市制冷系统的分析研究

介绍了利用自然工质NH_3和CO_2的复叠式超市制冷系统,通过对NH_3/CO_2超市制冷系统与R22和R404A超市制冷系统的分析比较,得出NH_3/CO_2超市制冷系统较R22和R404A超市制冷系统有明显的优势;自然工质NH_3/CO_2复叠式超市制冷系统,不仅节约能源,而且保护环境,是很有发展前景的绿色环保制冷系统。     

烟台冰轮股份有限公司研发的NH3/CO2螺杆复叠制冷系统填补了国内空白

继R22／R23复叠制冷系统成功开发并投入应用之后，经过近两年的开发实验并克服重重困难，烟台冰轮股份有限公司又研发出了国内第一套拥有自主知识产权的“NH3／CO2螺杆复叠制冷系统”。该系统具有8项发明专利、10余项实用新型专利等自主知识产权核心技术，填补了国内空白，样机性能指标达到并超过世界先进水平。该系统环保、安全、节能，     

承德冰雪大世界制冷系统节能运行

针对承德冰雪大世界制冷系统和冷库运行费用较高的情况,通过对其采取技术改造和科学运行管理措施,使运行费用降低47%以上,收到了显著的经济效益和社会效益。     

关于提高三系列工业汽轮机出力问题的探讨

通过对三系列工业汽轮机的技术改造，探讨了该类型汽轮机的出力问题，使其提高经济效益，符合环保要求。     

关于锅炉燃烧技术改造的一些浅见

关于锅炉燃烧技术改造的一些浅见北京市煤炭节约办公室陈宏毅多年来我市中小型锅炉燃烧技术改造一直没有停止过，而且取得了较好的节煤环保效果。仅１９８１年到１９９１年的十年间，全市快装链条炉排锅炉燃烧综合技术改造在市政府（８８）京经节字第１７３号文和市计委全...     

太阳能吸附制冷系统在制冷空调中的应用与研究

简介了太阳能吸附制冷系统，设计吸附制冷系统主要面临的问题，吸附制冷系统在制冷空调中的应用，吸附工质对的选择，强化吸附器的研究。     

均匀分布分层给煤装置在链条炉上的应用

均匀分布分层给煤燃烧技术是一项回报率较高的节能环保技术，本文介绍了某一均匀分布分层给煤技术工作机理和主要特点以及双喜轮胎工业股份公司3号炉利用此技术改造后所取得的经济和环保效益。     

基于熵权-TOPSIS的光电光热制冷系统评价与分析

以三亚市某办公建筑为例，基于TRNSYS建立传统制冷系统、太阳能光电制冷系统和太阳能光热制冷系统，并对系统进行能耗模拟。然后以能源、经济和环境效益作为评价指标，使用熵权-TOPSIS法对传统制冷系统、光电制冷系统的两种不同方案、光热制冷系统进行综合评价，并对各方案进行比较。结果表明：太阳能光电制冷系统的两种不同方案的综合效益显著优于传统制冷系统；按耗电量匹配的光电制冷系统方案优于按最大安装面积匹配的系统方案；并且太阳能光电制冷系统比太阳能光热制冷系统具有更好的综合效益。     

暖通空调制冷系统中的节能环保技术分析

自改革开放后,我国经济呈飞跃式发展,人们的生活水平也不断提高,当人们在温饱得以保障后,进一步对生活的各个方面的要求越来越高。特别是现代建设的不断发展,暖通空调逐渐成为现代建筑中不可或缺的一部分。暖通空调在带给人们舒适的生活与工作环境的同时,也对环境造成了极大的影响,并且暖通空调制冷系统在运行过程中还会消耗较多的能源,这显然违背了我国经济社会的可持续发展理念,因此针对暖通空调制冷系统的工作原理,科学的应用节能环保技术来降低能耗,减少对环境的影响非常重要,文中就暖通空调制冷系统中节能环保技术的应用开展分析。     

光伏发电应用的新途径——光伏制冷系统

光伏发电制冷系统具有环保节能的优点.本文介绍了各种光伏制冷技术的原理、特点及存在问题,指出提高光伏发电制冷技术的利用效率和降低成本是其实用化的关键所在。     

供冷系统能耗评价模型及应用

随着人民生活水平提高,供冷系统日益普及。受全球气候变暖和能源资源短缺问题影响,供冷系统能耗控制日益受到广泛关注。为科学表征供冷系统能源消耗状况,将供冷系统划分为六个子系统,从总能系统层次上给出了适合于各类供冷系统的广义化的能耗评价一般模型。在此基础之上,结合单耗分析方法,提出了供冷系统能耗的定量计算方法。采用了热力学第一定律、热力学第二定律分析,对供冷过程的热力学本质、冷量?、供冷能力等方面展开研究,系统阐述了供冷系统的理论节能极限及理论最低能耗,并立足总能系统对供冷过程的理论极限－可逆供冷作出了说明。在北京市目前设计标准下,供冷系统理论最低燃料单耗为0.82kg/GJ,当前供冷系统能耗水平（25.27 kg/GJ）与之相比,节能潜力甚大。为验证所构建的供冷系统能耗评价一般化模型,结合北京市通州区供冷系统的实施方案,对分散电制冷、集中电制冷、分散热制冷、集中热制冷四个基本类型的供冷模式进行了实例计算分析,并与四种模式的?分析计算结果进行了比较,结果显示：所提能耗模型与?分析结果一致,电制冷燃料单耗低于热制冷,分散制冷燃料单耗低于集中制冷,集中热制冷能耗较高,应慎重发展。所提出的能耗分析评估模型为各种类型供冷系统的一般化对比评估提供了理论分析方法,同时可为城市供冷系统的规划设计提供参考。     

Liquid desiccant based two-stage evaporative cooling system using reverse osmosis (RO) process for regeneration

This paper presents preliminary findings of the energy analysis of a cooling system with two-stage evaporative coolers using liquid desiccant dehumidifier between the stages. The proposed evaporative cooling system utilizes air humidity for cooling in humid areas and requires no additional water supply. The major energy requirement associated with this cooling system is the energy for regenerating the weak liquid desiccant. Reverse osmosis process is considered for regeneration by mechanical energy and MFI zeolite membrane is proposed for separation of water from the weak desiccant solution. Energy analysis has been carried out for the proposed cooling system. The COP of the proposed cooling system is defined as the cooling effect by the mass rate of water evaporated in the system divided by the amount of energy supplied to the system, that is, the COP is independent of the energy source.     

广州大学城区域供冷系统的节能优化

作为一种节能和环保的能源利用方式，广州大学城采用了分布式能源系统的区域供冷形式。但是，在实际运行中，由于缺乏有效的冷量调节系统，使得区域供冷冷量浪费严重、费用高昂。针对存在的问题，结合工程实例，本文对区域供冷进行了节能优化，改造了区域供冷的控制系统。这一改造方案在实际工程中成功运用说明，只有配备了良好的控制系统，区域供冷才能发挥自身的优势，实现节能和环保。     

Development and construction of the novel solar thermal desiccant cooling system incorporating hot water production

This paper reports the development and construction of the novel solar cooling and heating system. The system consists of the thermal energy subsystem and the desiccant cooling subsystem. The system utilizes both the cheaper nighttime electric energy and the free daytime solar energy. The system is conceptualized to produce both cooling during summer daytime and hot water production during winter. Testing and evaluation of the system had been done to determine its operational procedure and performance. Based on the results, the thermal energy subsystem functioned to its expected performance in solar energy collection and thermal storage. The desiccant cooling subsystem reduced both the temperature and the humidity content of the air using solar energy with a minimal amount of back-up electric energy. The system however, needs further investigation under real conditions.     

The review of thermal management technology for large-scale lithium-ion battery energy storage system

大容量锂离子电池储能系统对完善传统电网和高效利用新能源都具有非常重要的作用。为了实现大容量锂离子电池储能系统的高倍率化、长寿命化以及高安全性,高性能电池热管理系统的研发刻不容缓。本文总结了温度对锂离子电池性能的影响规律,综述了空冷、液冷、热管冷却、相变冷却这4种典型热管理技术的研究概况,分析了热管理技术在锂离子电池储能系统中的应用与研究状况。随着锂离子电池储能系统工作倍率的提高,产热量随之增大,对热管理系统的要求也越来越高。下一步的研究工作应围绕空冷系统优化、基于新型冷却介质的液冷系统、经济型热管及多目标优化设计这4方面展开。     

集中式循环冷却水系统能量分析

针对火电厂、石化等大型及特大型企业的冷却水用水量消耗巨大的问题,分析了集中式循环冷却水系统的能量。为提高循环冷却水系统内的能量利用效率,在现阶段循环冷却水系统流行的两种设计方法即按水泵扬程最小化和按基建投资最优的基础上,提出了利用水动风机冷却塔和生态小水电两种冗余能量回收改造法;为便于直观比较各设计方法的节能效果,提出了冗余能量系数λ,提供了一种工业循环冷却水系统设计方法的选择标准。     

盐溶液除湿冷却系统的潜能蓄冷研究

研究了一种新型的太阳能驱动的空调系统———溶液除湿蒸发冷却空调系统气液相变蓄冷机理及其潜力。以LiCl水溶液为蓄冷工质,在理论上和实验上分别对这种蓄冷模式进行了蓄冷特性的探讨,并与传统的蓄冷模式进行对比,结果表明此种蓄冷模式在太阳能液体除湿空调系统中有独特的优势和很好的应用前景。     

吊顶辐射冷却塔供冷系统试验研究与性能分析

通过供冷试验及TRNSYS软件模拟研究了吊顶辐射冷却塔供冷系统的运行效果,分析了气象参数、部件结构等因素对系统供冷效果的影响,并与常规供冷系统全年的运行能耗进行对比。试验与理论分析结果表明,吊顶辐射冷却塔供冷系统的有效供冷量能够满足用户供冷需要,供冷房间温度稳定且分布均匀。冷却塔供冷效果与大气湿球温度、建筑内部负荷、热交换器结构等因素有关。辐射顶板末端与冷却塔供冷匹配性高,系统全年运行时数增加,应用于需全年供冷的建筑节能效果显著。     

Techno-economic performance analysis of solar cooling systems

Vapour absorption cooling systems, powered by solar thermal energy, are now commercially manufactured in sizes ranging from 1.5 to over 20 RT (one refrigeration ton = 3.51 kW of cooling). The needed thermal energy at appropriate temperature potential can either be provided by solar thermal collectors or else from a solar pond. The paper gives the assessment criteria and results for technical and economic evaluation of the performance of absorption chiller using a solar pond. These results, based on Kuwait's environmental data and costs, have been compared with three alternate cooling systems, namely:

• 1 Solar thermal collector absorption cooling system.
• 2 Solar photovoltaic cooling system.
• 3 Standard vapour compression cooling system.

The criteria, used for performance evaluation of the solar cooling systems on a technical basis, consists of assessing the extent to which such systems can make a positive contribution in a conserving fossil fuel. This is done by first estimating the total electrical energy needed by the standard system (defined in para. 3 above) to produce one unit of cooling output. Solar cooling systems are then analysed and compared with a standard system to establish their electrical energy saving or generation capability, after accounting for the parasitic electrical energy used in pump/fan motors and equivalent energy needed for the production of soft water (used-up in the cooling tower) from seawater desalination. The economic analysis considers the cost and life of subsystems and that of the electrical and water desalination plants to arrive at the unit cooling cost. The unit cooling is defined as the ratio of amortized capital investments plus operation and maintenance costs over the year and the total yearly cooling production by the system. The results show that the solar pond absorption cooling system is the closest competitor to the conventional cooling system.     

Solar hybrid cooling system for high-tech offices in subtropical climate – Radiant cooling by absorption refrigeration and desiccant dehumidification

A solar hybrid cooling design is proposed for high cooling load demand in hot and humid climate. For the typical building cooling load, the system can handle the zone cooling load (mainly sensible) by radiant cooling with the chilled water from absorption refrigeration, while the ventilation load (largely latent) by desiccant dehumidification. This hybrid system utilizes solar energy for driving the absorption chiller and regenerating the desiccant wheel. Since a high chilled water temperature generated from the absorption chiller is not effective to handle the required latent load, desiccant dehumidification is therefore involved. It is an integration of radiant cooling, absorption refrigeration and desiccant dehumidification, which are powered up by solar energy. In this study, the application potential of the solar hybrid cooling system was evaluated for the high-tech offices in the subtropical climate through dynamic simulation. The high-tech offices are featured with relatively high internal sensible heat gains due to the intensive office electric equipment. The key performance indicators included the solar fraction and the primary energy consumption. Comparative study was also carried out for the solar hybrid cooling system using two common types of chilled ceilings, the passive chilled beams and active chilled beams. It was found that the solar hybrid cooling system was technically feasible for the applications of relatively higher cooling load demand. The annual primary energy consumption of the solar hybrid cooling system was lower than that of the conventional vapour compression refrigeration system up to 36.5%. Between the two options of chilled ceilings, the passive chilled beams were more energy-efficient to work with the solar hybrid cooling system in the hot and humid climate. Harnessing solar energy for driving air-conditioning would help in reducing the carbon emission, hence alleviating the climate change.