Al2O3陶瓷基体中原位生成TiB2和Ti（C,N）研究

采用原位反应法结合热压工艺制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２－Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）复相陶瓷，用ＴｉＯ２，Ｂ４Ｃ，ＢＮ，Ａｌ及Ａｌ２Ｏ３为原料，通过组成设计可以制备出不同相组成及碳氮比的复相陶瓷。由ＳＥＭ及ＴＥＭ发现在Ａｌ２Ｏ３晶粒中分布着亚微米至微米级的近圆形Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）颗粒，而在ＴｉＢ２晶粒中分布着纳米级的板状Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）晶体，并对这种显微结构的形成机理及化学反应过程作用初步分析。     

BaO—TiO2系陶瓷微波介电性的近期研究进展

本文综合评价了ＢａＯ－ＴｉＯ２系陶瓷中微波介电性能量好的两种陶瓷ＢａＴｉ４Ｏ９和Ｂａ２Ｔｉ９Ｏ２０的近期研究进展,内容包括：工艺,性能,应用以及预期的进展。     

中温烧结MgO—TiO2—ZnO系陶瓷结构和性能的研究

本文在研究中温烧结ＭｇＯ－ＴｉＯ－ＺｎＯ系陶瓷基础上，获得了温度系数接近于零的瓷料（ＮＰＯ）。ＸＲＤ证明其主晶相为正钛酸镁（２ＭｇＯ．ＴｉＯ２）还有正钛酸锌（２ＺｎＯ．ＴｉＯ２）和ＣａＴｉＯ３附加晶相，同时研究了各组分的不同含量对介电性能的影响。     

氧化钛湿度响应的模拟

从已知事实出发,计算出了ＴｉＯ２陶瓷－水分子薄膜系统模型中水分子薄膜的截面积,使之不再是一个人为的假设,本工作证明：ＴｉＯ２陶瓷－水分子薄膜系统模型不仅可以定性地描写ＴｉＯ２陶瓷的湿敏过程,而且可以定量地描写其过程。     

激光熔覆Al2O3+TiO2复合陶瓷涂层的微观结构

研究了４５＃钢表面Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＯ２复合陶瓷激光熔覆层的微观组织和相结构、Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＯ２复合陶瓷激光熔覆涂层由α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ＴｉＯ２,γ－ＴｉＯ２,γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３及Ａｌ２ＴｉＯ５相组成,消除了等离子喷涂层的层状组织特征,形成了大致方向的柱状晶,晶内为溶入了Ｔｉ及少量底层元素的α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３;晶界为由ＴｉＯ２和Ａｌ２Ｏ３形成的Ａｌ２ＴｉＯ５相,溶有少量的Ｃｒ,Ｆｅ,Ｙ取代了Ａｌ２ＴｉＯ５     

氧化对Al2O3—TiB2陶瓷刀具材料磨损特性的影响

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２陶瓷刀具材料的高温氧化特性以及氧化对刀具耐磨性能的影响。结果表明，随ＴｉＢ２含量的增加，Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２的氧化活化能降低，抗化能力下降。Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２刀具材料在加工淬火钢时，因切削高温的氧化作用在刀具表面生成的ＴｉＯ２既可将轻刀具的粘结磨损，又能起到固体润滑剂的作用，从而降低摩擦系数，因而提高刀具的耐磨性能。     

等离子喷涂Al2O3+TiO2复合陶瓷涂层的组织结构

利用ＳＥＭ,ＴＥＭ,ＥＤＡＸ及Ｘ射线等手段研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＯ２／ＮｉＣｒＡｌＹ复合陶瓷等离子喷涂层的组织结构,涂层呈片层状,Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＯ２陶瓷涂层由γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ＴｉＯ２及少量的α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３组成,由于喷涂层温度比较高,部分熔化的Ａｌ２Ｏ３和大部分熔化的ＴｉＯ２发生了一定程度的互熔,形成了Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＯ２共晶组织。片层内由Ｎｉ基固溶体及弥散分布其上的γ相（Ｎｉ３Ａｌ）组成,片间为     

钛酸铝陶瓷热膨胀机理研究

本文运用了电镜观察、显微结构分析、再加热条件下的热膨胀实验等方法，对钛酸铝陶瓷材料的热膨胀机理进行分析、研究，指出升温时由于微裂纹的弥合导致Ａｌ２ＴｉＯ５陶瓷有较小的热膨胀系数。并着重研究了钛酸铝陶瓷降温时的收缩机理，指出Ａｌ２ＴｉＯ５陶瓷的降温曲线有一最低点，在最低点右边，由于降温收缩造成的内应力还不足以造成大多数晶界和晶粒上发生微裂纹，Ａｌ２ＴｉＯ５陶瓷随着温度的下降而收缩，在最低点左边，由于     

金属表面化学反应陶瓷涂层的研究

采用化学反应法，在普通碳素钢上涂覆一层的均匀致密的陶瓷涂层，经微观结构分析和性能检测表明：涂层为复相陶瓷结构，主要相有Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＴｉＢ２，ＦｅＡｌ２Ｏ４等。涂层与基体的结合强度较高；涂层的耐腐蚀性优异，抗热震性较好。     

自蔓延高温还原合成法制备TiB2陶瓷粉末

采用自蔓延高温合成法（ＳＨＳ）以Ｂ２Ｏ３，ＴｉＯ２，Ｍｇ为原料，制备ＴｉＢ２陶瓷粉料。研究了Ｂ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２－Ｍｇ（摩尔比为１：１：５）合成系统在加热过程中的物理化学变化规律和ＴｉＢ２粉末的显微结构特征。结果表明：加热过程中合成系统有预反应，它是由于少量Ｂ２Ｏ３原造成的；掺加稀释剂对合成材料的显微结构有较的影响并进而影响ＭｇＯ的化学清洗，微观分析表明，与元素合成的ＴｉＢ２相比，ＳＨＳ还原合成的Ｔ     

Effect of Microstructure of ZnO Nanorod Film on Humidity Sensing

In this study, a simple thick‐film humidity sensor was fabricated by coating wet‐synthesized ZnO nanorods on screen‐printing interdigitated electrodes. We investigated the influence of the coating procedure on the microstructure of ZnO nanorod films and thereby on humidity sensing. The experimental results revealed that the specific surface area (SSA) decreased and the average pore size (APS) increased with increasing the sintering time and the number of coating layer. The humidity response depended significantly on the pore properties of the ZnO nanorod films. By virtue of the incipient wetness analysis, it was found that the adsorption of water molecules on the ZnO surface led to the decrease in electrical resistance even though the ZnO was rod like, n‐type semiconductor. While tuning the pore structure of the ZnO nanorod film, the thick‐film humidity sensor might display near‐linear response in the full range of 0%–100% relative humidity (RH).     

基于氯化钴改性的纤维素纸比色湿度传感器

为了获得兼具良好湿敏响应和颜色可视性的湿度传感器,以纤维素滤纸（FP）和氯化钴（CoCl₂）为原料,滤纸为传感器的基底材料,氯化钴为感湿材料和颜色指示剂,通过简单的浸泡-干燥的方法制得CoCl₂/FP复合膜。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）对复合膜进行一系列物理化学性能测试。结果表明,CoCl₂/FP复合膜上均匀地分布着氯（Cl）元素和钴（Co）元素,且滤纸和氯化钴之间主要发生的是物理变化。采用电化学工作站和电脑配色仪对CoCl₂/FP比色湿度传感器进行电流响应测试和可见光光谱测试。结果表明,在相对湿度（RH）为11%~98%的范围内,CoCl₂/FP比色湿度传感器具有明显的电流响应,电流变化超过1000倍。另外,从低湿度到高湿度,CoCl₂/FP比色湿度传感器呈现出由蓝色到红色的颜色变化,且这种颜色变化是可逆的。     

基于电纺NiI2/TPU纳米纤维膜的湿敏变色传感器的制备及性能

以热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)母粒、碘化镍为原料,通过静电纺丝法制备了基于碘化镍/热塑性聚氨酯(NiI2/TPU)纳米纤维膜,将NiI2/TPU纳米纤维膜贴合在聚酰亚胺(PI)基叉指电极上制得湿度传感器.对纳米纤维膜的表面形貌及微观结构进行了表征分析,并研究了该传感器基于颜色变化和电阻电容响应的湿度敏感特性.结果表明,由于碘化镍的颜色变化特性,随相对湿度(RH)从0增加到97％,NiI2/TPU纳米纤维膜显示了从橘红色到黄绿色的颜色转变.此外,该湿度传感器表现出快速的响应/回复时间(0.9 s/9.9 s)、较宽的湿度监测区间(0～97％RH)、较小的洄滞度(0.4％RH)以及优异的稳定性能(>30 d).     

湿度差驱动下溶液蒸发冷冻过程中冰体的发展规律

针对湿度(绝对湿度)差驱动下溶液的蒸发冷冻过程进行了分析研究,在热质平衡理论的基础上,考虑溶液表面冰体的形面变化特征,建立了蒸发冷冻过程中溶液表面冰体生长的热力学非稳态模型,分析了不同蒸发冷冻时刻,气-液界面间湿度(绝对湿度)差、气流速度以及气-液界面间质扩散对溶液表面冰体发展分布的影响,研究表明湿度(绝对湿度)差、气流速度和质扩散系数对溶液的蒸发冷冻作用明显。该理论模型及研究结果为强化湿度差驱动下溶液的蒸发冷冻及工程应用提供了理论指导和依据。     

Synthesis and enhanced humidity detection response of nanoscale Au-particle-decorated ZnS spheres

We successfully prepared Au-nanoparticle-decorated ZnS (ZnS-Au) spheres by sputtering Au ultrathin films on surfaces of hydrothermally synthesized ZnS spheres and subsequently postannealed the samples in a high-vacuum atmosphere. The Au nanoparticles were distributed on ZnS surfaces without substantial aggregation. The Au nanoparticle diameter range was 5 to 10 nm. Structural information showed that the surface of the annealed ZnS-Au spheres became more irregular and rough. A humidity sensor constructed using the Au-nanoparticle-decorated ZnS spheres demonstrated a substantially improved response to the cyclic change in humidity from 11% relative humidity (RH) to 33% to 95% RH at room temperature. The improved response was associated with the enhanced efficiency of water molecule adsorption onto the surfaces of the ZnS because of the surface modification of the ZnS spheres through noble-metal nanoparticle decoration.     

Moisture absorption modeling using design of experiments

The effect of temperature and humidity on equilibrium moisture content of laminates was studied by response surface design. Two glass fabric‐reinforced laminated composite materials with different epoxy matrix resins, laminates A and B, were studied. Laminates A and B used are cyanate ester and polyphenylene oxide modified epoxy based laminate, respectively. The results show that the response surface profiles of moisture absorption for the two laminate materials are similar though their amounts of moisture absorption are different. The temperature‐humidity interaction effect and the quadratic effect of temperature are significant for laminate A. However, only the linear effects of temperature and humidity are significant for laminate B. Predictive models relating the important factors to the equilibrium moisture content were proposed in the article. The models developed can be used to predict and assess the reliability of the laminates for moisture related failures. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1539–1543, 2007     

HDPE-AA-SSS预辐照接枝膜的表征及其湿敏性能的研究

采用预辐照法将亲水性单体丙烯酸(AA)和对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)接枝到疏水性高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)薄膜上,制备出新型的接枝膜湿敏元件.通过扫描电镜观测了辐照接枝前和接枝后HDPE膜的表面形貌,并通过红外光谱表征了膜的结构,同时测定了接枝膜湿敏元件的湿敏性能.实验结果表明,制备的接枝膜湿敏元件具有良好的湿敏特性,响应和恢复时间短.它具有较好的稳定性,能在高湿、高温环境下使用.实验结果也表明了接枝HDPE膜具有良好的湿敏性能.     

A nanoporous thin-film miniature interdigitated capacitive impedance sensor for measuring humidity

This paper presents a development of a low-cost miniature humidity sensor with an interdigitated aluminium electrode connected in parallel on quartz substrate. Interdigitated capacitive device has been fabricated using the photolithography method. The aluminium electrode was covered with sensitive film of a nanoporous thin film of γ-Al₂O₃ made from novel sol–gel technique. Nanostructured thin film offers very high surface to volume ratio with distribution of micro pores for moisture detection. Pore morphologies of the film have been studied by field emission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction methods. Impedance measurement of the miniature capacitive humidity sensor toward relative humidity was investigated at room temperature by Agilent 4294A impedance analyzer (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The device exhibits short response and recovery times and good repeatability.     

湿度对HTPB复合推进剂力学性能的影响

通过常温湿度试验,研究了HTPB复合推进剂力学性能随试验时间的变化规律.试验证明,湿度使HTPB推进剂的力学性能大幅度下降;经干燥后,其力学性能能够得到部分恢复.用扫描电镜对常温湿度试验前后推进剂的表面状态和拉伸断口进行了对比分析,结果表明,试验后推进剂表面的AP粒子形状有明显改变,拉伸断口上的AP粒子裸露面增大,粒子脱落坑表面光滑、规整.由此得出HTPB推进剂吸湿后,通过干燥方法不能使其力学性能恢复到原始状态.     

聚甲醛树脂的永久抗静电化

本文从抗静电剂和树脂的相容性出发,研究了改性PEG对POM树脂的抗静电化效果,并考察了环境湿度、水洗对抗静电化POM树脂的影响.结果表明,当改性PEG的添加量为7%～10%(质量)时,POM树脂的表面和体积电阻率可达10~(12)(Ω或Ω·cm)数量级,其抗静电性随环境湿度的变化较小,且不因水洗而发生明显的变化,具有耐久性和全天候.本文还介绍用裂解色谱法对抗静电化POM树脂表层进行了分析及用扫描电镜对断面进行了观察,结果确定,抗静电化POM树脂的最外表面层都存在着抗静电剂主要成分PEC,PEG经改性后存在于POM表面的浓度有较大增加,相当于未改性时的3倍左右,抗静电剂在POM树脂表面层附近以一种平行于表面的层状结构存在.表面上的抗静电剂和表面层附近层状结构中的抗静电剂之间通过相互贯通,构成了从树脂内部到表层的电流泄漏通道,赋于树脂永久性的抗静电化效果.