PET/PP合金流变性能的研究

利用XLY-Ⅱ流变仪研究了PET/PP(1:3)合金以及含有增容剂PP-g-MA(马来酸酐接枝PP)的PET/PP(1:3)合金的流变性能,分析了增容剂对PET/PP合金流变性能的影响。结果表明,含增容剂的PET/PP合金流变性能好。     

PTW反应性增容PP/PET热致形状记忆共混合金的性能研究

以乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物(PTW)作为反应性增容剂,采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/PTW(PP/PET/PTW)共混合金。借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、万能试验机考察了PTW对PP/PET共混合金相容性、力学性能和热致形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明:少量PTW即可明显改善PP与PET之间的相容性,提高PP/PET共混合金的力学性能和热致形状记忆性能。     

β晶型PP/纳米CaCO3/短切PET纤维复合材料的制备

通过熔融挤出共混制备β晶型聚丙烯(PP)/纳米CaCO3/对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纤维复合材料,并用马来酸酐(MAH)接枝PP(PP-g-MAH)改善材料的相容性。研究了PET纤维、β成核剂和相容剂对材料力学性能、相容性和结晶熔融行为的影响。结果表明:CaCO3和PET纤维对PP的结晶具有异相成核作用,能协同诱导形成β晶型PP。加入PET纤维可提高材料的刚性和韧性,但会损坏拉伸性能。PP-g-MAH能改善PP和PET纤维之间的相容性,并能促进成核剂在材料中的分散,形成更多的β晶。     

PET纤维对聚丙烯结晶行为与力学性能的影响

以聚丙烯(PP)、聚酯(PET)纤维为主要原料,马来酸酐接枝PP(PP-g-MA)为相容剂,经熔融共混、粉碎、注塑加工成样条后进行表征,并研究了其性能。结果表明:PET纤维对PP具有异相成核作用,主要诱导PP形成α晶,可提高PP结晶温度并降低球晶尺寸;PET纤维可显著提高PP的拉伸强度和弹性模量,但会降低其冲击强度;加入相容剂PP-g-MA对PP/PET纤维共混物的结晶性能基本无影响,但对其力学性能影响显著,与未增容的PP/PET纤维共混物相比,经PP-g-MA增容后,共混物的拉伸强度、冲击强度、弹性模量均得到显著提升。     

PET/PP共混体系的熔融及非等温结晶行为

用熔融共混法制备了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。对复合体系的形态结构、熔融及非等温结晶行为进行了研究。结果表明:两相界面或PP相对PET结晶无明显的异相成核效应;当PP为连续相时,已结晶的极性PET粒子对PP的异相成核作用较为明显;而当PP为分散相时,固态的PET在一定程度上阻碍了PP分子链的运动,促使PP结晶均相成核趋势增加。与纯PET或PP相比,共混体系中两组分结晶的完善程度都有所下降。     

聚合物原位成纤方法及其在PP共混体系中的应用

介绍了聚合物共混体系原位成纤原理、影响因素、制备方法及聚丙烯(PP)与其他聚合物原位成纤共混体系研究进展,包括PP/聚酰胺(PA)、PP/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)原位成纤共混体系等.重点阐述了不同共混比、相容性、黏度比和加工参数(如拉伸速率、螺杆转速、加工温度等)等对PA或PET在PP中的成纤形态和PP力学性能、...     

PP-g-(DAP-co-GMA)和PP-g-(DAP-co-MAH)的制备及其增容PP/PET

以邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(DAP)为共单体,将马来酸酐(MAH)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)分别接枝到聚丙烯(PP)上,制备了PP-g-(DAP-co-MAH)和PP-g-(DAP-co-GMA),考察了两种接枝物对PP/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)增容性能的影响。结果表明:在MAH和GMA接枝PP过程中加入DAP作为共单体,可以明显地抑制接枝过程中PP的降解,提高GMA和MAH的接枝率;分别将两种接枝物加入到PP/PET共混体系中,与PP-g-(DAPco-MAH)增容体系相比,PP-g-(DAP-co-GMA)增容体系的共混扭矩、拉伸强度明显提高,PET熔点及玻璃化转变温度降低,PET分散更加均匀细小,两相相容性提高。     

不同相容剂对PP/PET合金性能的影响

以乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(EMA-g-GMA),聚烯烃弹性体接枝GMA(POE-g-GMA)和聚丙烯接枝GMA (PP-g-GMA)为相容剂,采用熔融共混法制备了PP/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)合金,并对PP/PET合金的性能进行了分析;研究了不同相容剂对PP/PET合金的加工性能、力学性能和微观形貌的影响。结果表明:在添加质量分数5%相容剂的情况下,PP/PET合金加工性能都得到了明显改善,POE-g-GMA可以显著地提高合金的韧性,而PP-g-GMA则可以有效地提高合金的刚性。     

PET/PP共混合金结晶动力学研究

用GJY-3光学解偏振仪测定了PET、PP与PET/PP合金的结晶速度,并且在不同的结晶温度下比较了它们结晶速度的快慢。最后通过Avrami方程对PET/PP(3:1)合金进行了结晶动力学的研究。结果表明,其Avrmi指数为3。     

增容作用对PET在PP中原位成纤及增强效果的影响

以接枝极性官能团的聚丙烯为增容剂,在保持一定拉伸比的条件下,与聚丙烯(PP)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)共混挤出。通过改变增容剂的用量,控制PET在PP中的形态结构。当增容剂含量为3%时,PET以纤维状分散在基体PP中,达到了较好的增强效果。     

Development of UHMWPE modified PP/PET blends and their mechanical and abrasive wear behavior

In this study, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate blend were modified by incorporating different percentages of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) ranging from 1 to 5 phr. Modified blends were prepared by melt mixing the PP/PET blend and UHMWPE. Ultimate tensile strength of UHMWPE filled blend was determined at 10, 20, 50, and 100 mm/min cross head speeds of testing. It was found that increase of cross head speed from 10 to 100 mm/min increases the tensile strength of PP/PET/UHMWPE blends. Maximum ultimate tensile strength is exhibited by the blend containing 2 phr UHMWPE. Breaking strain of the UHMWPE modified and unmodified PP/PET blend increased with the increase of cross head speed due to the highly entangled chain structure of UHMWPE. Shore A hardness of the filled blends also increased from 341 to 356, which is highest for 2 phr UHMWPE. High stress abrasive wear of UHMWPE modified blend was determined by using Suga abrasion tester, model NUS‐1 Japan. Wear rate of the PP/PET(90/10) blends having 1, 2, and 5 phr of UHMWPE was determined at different loads such as 1, 3, 5, and 7 N and sliding distances from 6.4 m to 25.6 m. Wear rate values show that UHMWPE has prominent effect on abrasive wear of PP/PET blends. Addition of 2 and 5 phr UHMWPE improved the wear resistance of PP/PET blends at different loads, which has been explained on the basis of improved bonding as compared with pure PP/PET blend and increased hardness. Maximum abrasive wear rate reduction was achieved by adding 2 phr UHMWPE in PP/PET(90/10) blend. POLYM. COMPOS. 28:267–272, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Reactive compatibilization of polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate blends

The reactive compatibilization of polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate (PP/PET) blends by addition of glycidyl methacrylate grafted PP (PP-g-GMA) was studied. Two PP-g-GMA copolymers, containing either 0.2 or 1.2 wt% of GMA, were used as interface modifiers. These were incorporated into PP blends (with either 70 or 90 wt% PET), replacing 1/5 of PP in the system. The use of these modifiers changed the blends' tensile mechanical behavior from fragile to ductile. Blend tensile strength was improved by 10% and elongation at break showed 10 to 20-fold increases while stiffness remained constant. Scanning electron micrographs showed the PP average domain size in injection molded specimens to decrease to the micron/sub-micron size upon addition of the GMA modified resins, while the unmodified blends exhibited heterogeneous morphology comprising large lamellae 10–20 μm wide. The low-GMA graft content PP seemed slightly more efficient than the high GMA content PP in emulsifiying PP/PET blends. The GMA grafting level on PP had very limited effects on the blends' mechanical behavior in the range of GMA graft density provided by the two modified resins investigated.     

Compatibilizers based on polypropylene grafted with itaconic acid derivatives. Effect on polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate blends

New types of compatibilizers based on functionalized polypropylene (PP) were synthesized by radical melt grafting either with monomethyl itaconate or dimethyl itaconate. The effect of these new modified PP compounds were tested as compatibilizers in PP/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) blends. Blends with compositions 15/85 and 30/70 by weight of PP and PET were prepared in a single‐screw extruder. Morphology of the compatibilized blends revealed a very fine and uniform dispersion of the PP phase as compared with that of noncompatibilized blends of the same composition, leading to improved adhesion between the two phases. Whereas dimethyl itaconate derived agent showed less activity, the monomethyl itaconate parent compound showed an increase of the impact resistance of PET in PP/PET blend. This was attributed to the hydrophilic nature of the monomethyl itaconate part of this compatibilizer. The tensile strength of PET in noncompatibilized blends gradually decreases as the PP content increases, while blends containing functionalized PP exhibited higher values.     

接枝PP／PET共混物的结构与性能

采用PP接枝马来酰亚胺（PP－g-MI)与PET熔融共混，用DSC，PLM，SEM等方法对共混物进行表征，结果表明，随着PP－g-MI接枝率的增加，共混物中PET的冷结晶温度降低，PP－g-MI与PET的相容性较PP与PET的相容性有了大幅度提高，同时PP－g-MI改善了PET的结晶性能，接枝PP在PET连续相中分散均匀，粒子尺寸小，分散相互连续相之间有较好的粘接作用。     

High-speed melt spinning of bicomponent fibers: Mechanism of fiber structure development in poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polypropylene system

High-speed bicomponent spinning of poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)(core) and poly-propylene (PP) (sheath) was carried out and the structure development in the individual components, PET and PP, was investigated. The orientation and crystallinity development in the PET component was enhanced as compared to that of the single-component spinning while the PP component remained in a low orientation state and had a pseudohexagonal crystal structure even at high take-up speeds. To clarify the mutual interaction between the two components in bicomponent spinning, a semiquantitative numerical simulation was performed. The simulation results obtained using the Newtonian fluid model showed that the solidification stress in the PET component was enhanced while that of the PP component was decreased in comparison with the corresponding single-component spinning. This is due to the difference in the temperature dependence of their elongational viscosity. Simulation with an upper-convected Maxwell model as the constitutive equation suggested that significant stress relaxation of the PP component can occur in the spinline if the PET component solidifies earlier than does PP. Based on the structural characterization results, and the simulation results, it was concluded that the difference in the activation energy of the elongational viscosity and solidification temperature between the two polymers are the main factors influencing the mutual interaction in the bicomponent spinning process. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Influence of processing window and weight ratio on the morphology of the extruded and drawn PET/PP blends

To obtain polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/polypropylene (PP) microfibrillar composite (MFC) with good mechanical properties, a high content of PET fibrils in the drawn strand (i.e. PET droplets in the extrudate) is preferred. However, a phase inversion (from PP matrix to PET matrix) takes place when the concentration of the PET reaches 40 wt% at the screw speed of 40 rpm (rounds per minute). This “PP domains in PET matrix” phase structure is the undesired phase structure for preparing MFC. However, the desired phase structure of “PET droplets in PP matrix” can be regained by adopting a low screw speed (20 rpm) during extrusion of the PET/PP (40/60); if a higher screw speed is adopted (80 rpm), then a suitable amount of PP grafted maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA) should be incorporated. The PET/PP blends which demonstrate the desired “PET droplets in PP matrix” phase structure were stretched into strands, and PET/PP MFC was prepared. The MFC with high content of PET microfibrils as the reinforcement exhibits superior tensile properties than the neat PP. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PET/PC blends: Effect of chain extender and impact strength modifier on their structure and properties

Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) affects the morphology, rheological, mechanical, and relaxation properties, as well as tendency to crystallize of PET in PET/PC/(PP/EPDM) ternary blends produced by the reactive extrusion. Irrespective of the blend phase structure, the introduction of MDI increases the melt viscosity (MFI dropped), resulting from an increase in the molecular weight of the polymer chains; the PET crystallinity was also reduced. MDI favors compatibility of PET with PC in PET/PC/(PP/EPDM) blends. This is explained by intensified interphase interactions on the level of segments of macromolecules as well as monomer units. The presence of MDI causes a substantial rise in the dynamic shear modulus within the high‐elastic region of PET (for temperature range between T_g,PET and that of PET cold crystallization); the processes of PET cold crystallization and melt crystallization become retarded; the glass‐transition temperatures for PET and PC become closer to each other. MDI affects insignificantly the blend morphology or the character of interactions between the disperse PP/EPDM blend and PET/PC as a matrix. PP/EPDM reduces the intensity of interphase interactions in a PET/PC/(PP/EPDM), but a rise in the degree of material heterogeneity. MDI does not change the mechanism of impact break‐down in the ternary blends mentioned above. Increased impact strength of MDI‐modified materials can be explained by higher cohesive strength and resistance to shear flow at impact loading. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Oil–Water Separation Using Superhydrophobic PET Membranes Fabricated Via Simple Dip‐Coating Of PDMS–SiO2 Nanoparticles

The surfaces of commercially available polyester (PET) and polypropylene (PP) are superhydrophobically modified via the deposition of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐coated SiO₂ nanoparticles (P‐SiO₂) and PDMS binder. The adhesion of P‐SiO₂ is stronger on PET than on PP due to a stronger chemical interaction between PET and PDMS, which is attributed to the higher surface energy of PET than PP. The waterproof ability and oil separation rate of the P‐SiO₂‐coated PET (dip‐PET) membranes are studied as a function of membrane thickness, and the influence of oil viscosity on the oil separation efficiency is investigated. Optimal membrane thickness should be selected in a given environment for the facile oil–water separation and the dip‐PET membrane is chemically stable and can be used repetitively for oil–water separation. Finally, an automated prototype instrument is introduced for the dip‐coating process. It is suggested that our dip‐PET is a promising solution for oil–water separation in real‐world oil‐spill applications.     

PP/PET复合材料改性研究进展

对近几年改性聚丙烯(PP)基和PP/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)复合材料中使用改性剂的改性方法及改性剂在复合材料中的应用研究进行了综述,按改性剂结构将改性剂改性的方法分为非纤维化改性、纤维化改性和成核剂改性三大类。其中非纤维化改性包括单体改性和共单体改性;纤维化改性包括PET短纤维改性、碳纤维改性和玻璃纤维改性;其它改性包括激光焊接改性。比较了各种改性方法的优缺点,并对PP/PET复合材料中改性剂改性方法的发展进行了展望。