PMI泡沫夹层复合材料电性能设计与实验研究

聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)泡沫夹层复合材料具有优异的宽频透波性能,被广泛用于制备透波雷达天线罩。为了设计满足宽频透波要求的某型天线罩,从复合材料结构原理出发,选择石英纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料为蒙皮,PMI泡沫为芯材的A夹层结构方案,采用三维全波电磁场仿真软件(CST软件)计算比较了不同蒙皮厚度和芯材厚度对A夹层结构透波性能的影响,得到了理论最优结构。进一步的平板试验结果表明,透波率的实际测试值与理论计算结果基本吻合,可见设计的A夹层复合材料结构可满足某型天线罩的宽频透波要求。     

氮化硼透波材料的研究进展与展望

本文从高超音速导弹天线罩材料的性能要求和现有天线罩材料的优缺点出发,介绍了氮化硼陶瓷的优异性能,综述了近年来氮化硼透波纤维和氮化硼透波复合材料的研究进展及应用,并对氮化硼透波材料未来的发展趋势作了展望.     

二氧化硅体系透波材料的透波机理及研究现状

本文阐述了天线罩材料对二氧化硅体系透波材料的性能要求,分析了二氧化硅体系透波材料的透波机理,论述了二氧化硅体系透波材料的研究现状,并指出了其发展方向.     

高超音速导弹天线罩透波材料研究进展

高超音速导弹用天线罩材料须同时具有力学、介电、耐烧蚀及抗冲击等综合性能.本文简述了天线罩材料的发展历程,着重综述了连续纤维增强陶瓷基透波复合材料的研究现状,分析了高超音速导弹天线罩材料的关键技术,包括材料体系和制备工艺选择、材料加工技术,指出了高超音速导弹天线罩材料的发展方向.     

耐高温/隐身/透波一体化天线罩材料的研究进展

文章阐述了耐高温天线罩材料和耐高温隐身透波一体化天线罩材料的研究现状,并对后者的未来发展趋势和研究方向做出了展望。     

高频透波玻璃钢天线罩性能的研究

通过对玻璃钢天线罩增强材料基体材料性能的引述,实验分析了不同成型工艺对高频玻璃钢天线罩透波性能的影响,同时对玻璃钢天线罩单板壁厚进行研究,通过试验论证产品中采用不同高度的蜂窝对高频天线罩的影响。     

石英/氮化物复合材料防潮涂层的制备及性能研究

石英/氮化物复合材料具有优异的综合性能,可用作高马赫数导弹天线罩材料.采用先驱体浸渍裂解法制备的该复合材料存在易吸潮的缺点,吸潮后会影响其透波性能.研究制备了复合材料的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)涂层.测试发现,聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)涂层具有优良的防潮性能,在40℃、90%高温高湿条件下放置70d的增重率为0.934%.PVDF涂层对复合材料的透波性能影响较小,涂覆厚度约300μm的涂层前后介电常数及介电损耗分别为3.48、0.0051和3.62、0.0053.     

复合材料机载天线罩多学科优化设计

提出一种复合材料机载天线罩多学科优化策略。以满足天线罩透波率为要求,基于等效传输线理论,对天线罩电性能进行分析,找出符合电性能指标的铺层厚度区间,将对透波率的约束转换到设计变量铺层厚度中。在满足透波率要求的前提下,建立了以质量最小为目标,结构刚度强度为约束,罩壁不同方向铺层厚度为设计变量的优化数学模型,以实现天线罩的轻量化设计。以某A-夹层机载天线罩为例进行了优化分析,研究结果表明,优化后的天线罩有显著的轻量化效果和较高的透波率表现,验证了优化方法的可行性。     

透波材料在微波冶金领域的应用进展

综述了透波材料的研究现状,探讨了目前在不同的微波冶金温度区间所需的微波透波材料。聚四氟乙烯等可作为低温微波透波材料,xMeO.yAl2O3.zSiO2陶瓷体系已经作为高温微波冶金透波材料,继续研究适合微波加热不同温段的透波材料体系是目前微波冶金发展的迫切需要。     

泡沫夹芯结构复合材料天线罩静强度分析

机载雷达天线罩减重要求高,泡沫夹芯结构复合材料可满足该类型天线罩透波和轻质高强的要求。本文采用有限元分析方法对某型机载雷达天线罩在使用工况条件下的静强度和刚度进行了分析,结果表明各材料的最大应力值都远小于材料的许用应力,天线罩不会发生由于材料失效引起的结构破坏,并且整体结构刚度合适,变形满足设计要求。     

无机天线罩材料的研究进展

对高马赫数导弹天线罩材料的性能要求进行了评述，综述了国外天线罩材料的研究进展，特别是重点介绍了美国等军事强国近年来研制的天线罩材料的温度、强度、介电特性以及工艺性能。分析了我国在该领域的研究现状，并提出了今后的发展方向。     

High temperature ceramic radomes (HTCR) – A review

An electromagnetically transparent, structurally robust and environmentally resistant enclosure of radar antenna for ground based systems to modern avionics in military aircraft and missiles is called as radome. Radome materials are classified based on: (i) type of function - surface-based or flight-mode and (ii) speed of operation - subsonic, supersonic to hypersonic. The desired properties of these materials are low dielectric constant and low loss factor in addition to its capacity to withstand the high temperature of operation. Composite laminates of glass or aramid fibre reinforced polymeric resins are radome material candidates for applications in subsonic range. However, ceramics are the only viable option for military aerospace applications such as a fighter jet travelling at Mach 3 or an advanced hypersonic missile speeding up to Mach 5. This review outlines the hand-full of ceramic materials already in application as radome materials like high-purity-alumina, pyroceram, slip-cast-fused-silica, their processing technology, electromagnetic and mechanical properties, advantages and disadvantages with respect to advanced military vehicles. Use of silicon nitride based radome materials, that has exceptional mechanical strength and thermal stability up to 1400 °C is illustrated with respect to reaction bonded silicon nitride, hot pressed silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, sialon and their composites. Design of new generation radome materials was conceptualized and discussed as applicable to silicon nitride and related ceramics, wherein incorporation of varied degree of porosity improves electromagnetic properties, simultaneously, maintaining the required mechanical strength. Multilayer and graded porosity and its influence on electromagnetic properties were briefly discussed. Si₃N₄ ceramics having controlled porosity leading to optimum electromagnetic and mechanical properties produced through systematic processing is proposed as the futuristic high temperature radome material for supersonic applications.     

高性能机载雷达罩材料的研究进展

高性能机载雷达罩是先进战斗机的重要组成部分，其性能取决于材料，并直接影响到飞机的作战效能，笔者对高性能机载雷达罩所应用的材料即树脂基体，增强材料，夹层材料，胶膜材料，防静电与防腐蚀材料，吸波材料以及防雷击材料进行了综述，并提出了未来的发展方向。     

Development of Silicon Nitride‐Based Ceramic Radomes — A Review

Radome is an aerodynamic structural part attached to the fore‐end of a missile. It transmits electromagnetic signals with minimum attenuation and also protects radar communication system, and thus, the radomes are made of ceramics as they have desirable properties required by the radomes. The flexural strength, dielectric constant, and loss tangent values of various ceramic materials used in the development of radomes are important in the selection of radome materials. Different nose cone shapes of missile radomes are also important. Ceramic materials show variational properties with sintering time, temperature, and other additives. The existing different near‐net shape fabrication techniques for manufacturing of ceramic radomes are discussed and compared. Gelcasting is one of the manufacturing techniques to produce radomes with homogeneous and high green strength. Gelcast parts of silicon nitride ceramics are hard, tough, brittle, and wear‐resistant and are difficult to machine using conventional methods of machining. Therefore, laser‐assisted machining is used for fine finish of ceramic radomes with excellent surface integrity and productivity. This paper deals with a review of development of ceramic radomes, manufacturing methods for variety of applications.     

微波加热用透波材料的研究进展

微波加热技术因其绿色环保、体积加热、选择性加热等优势,已被广泛应用于化工强化、金属冶炼、陶瓷烧结、食品加工等众多领域,但微波在反应器内普遍存在透波效果差、微波利用率低等问题。随着微波加热技术的不断发展,微波加热设备中透波材料的选用越来越受到大家的关注。本文主要针对透波材料在微波加热领域中的应用现状进行综述,对透波材料的种类进行简要介绍,分别从微波加热用容器和保温材料两方面进行论述。详细介绍了氧化物、氮化物、硅酸盐、磷酸盐等高温透波材料及聚四氟乙烯、玻纤增强树脂基、环氧树脂等中、低温透波材料的研究进展,并具体论述了目前微波加热常用纤维棉、纤维毯和纤维板等各种陶瓷纤维制品的介电特性和透波性能,最后指出了目前微波加热用透波材料普遍存在的问题,并对透波材料的应用和发展作出了展望。     

Dielectric and mechanical properties of hypersonic radome materials and metamaterial design: A review

This review paper examines ten current ceramic radome materials under research and development and provides a comprehensive overview of available high temperature and high frequency data from literature. An examination of metamaterials for radio-frequency transparent radomes is given and our preliminary experimental results of a high-temperature metamaterial design are presented. The next-generation hypersonic vehicles’ radome temperatures will exceed 1000℃ and speeds will exceed Mach 5. An ideal radome material will have a high flexural strength, low dielectric constant and loss tangent, and high resistance to thermal shock and corrosion. The microstructural effect on the dielectric and mechanical properties and the effects of environmental factors such as rain are discussed. The impact of metamaterial structure on key radome factors such as boresight error, gain, and polarization is examined. After examining the associated benefits with the use of metamaterials, our preliminary results for a potential high-temperature metamaterial design are presented.     

大型地面雷达天线罩的研制

介绍大型地面雷达天线阵列防护罩所用的材料及其制造工艺。首次采用低压共固化工艺成功地制造了大尺寸的Ａ型夹层结构雷达罩。结果表明，所选用的材料和工艺可行，雷达罩的整体性能和尺寸精度均满足性能指标要求。     

聚苯并咪唑树脂的研究进展

新型高速巡航导弹要求材料能承受650℃左右的高温,目前所用的聚酰亚胺不能承受这样的高温,而聚苯并咪唑（PBI）做成的复合材料在650℃下短期使用具有令人满意的性能,其不仅使弹体的承温能力得到明显提高,而且还使弹体的结构质量得到大幅降低,是研制超音速导弹的较为理想的结构材料。介绍了聚苯并咪唑的发展概况,聚合机理以及合成聚苯并咪唑树脂的主要单体和聚合工艺,对聚苯并咪唑的应用及发展动向也作了阐述。