Periprosthetic femoral osteolysis around an uncemented nonmodular Moore prosthesis

alpha-Amylase and hemicellulase, derived from culture of Aspergillus species, are commonly added to flour as improvers during baking. Two cases of women occupationally sensitized to alpha-amylase who developed allergic symptoms after eating baked bread have been reported. With a randomized, controlled study design, we have investigated whether similar responses occur in those sensitized to Aspergillus species. Seventeen subjects with positive skin prick tests to Aspergillus fumigatus were studied. Symptomatic and physiologic responses after ingestion of bread baked with alpha-amylase and hemicellulase were compared, in a crossover fashion, with those after ingestion of bread baked without enzymes. No increase in respiratory or other symptoms, lung function, or nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity was reported after ingestion of the enzyme-containing bread. We conclude that important clinical reactions to alpha-amylase and hemicellulase in baked bread do not frequently occur in those sensitized to Aspergillus species.     

离子交换树脂分离富集-分光光度法测定铜金精矿及尾矿中银

研究了732型阳离子交换树脂柱分离富集银的条件,建立了光度法测定铜精矿、金精矿及其尾矿中银的方法。实验表明,在pH 2~4的条件下,样品溶液中的银与硫脲络合以［Ag(SCN₂H₄ )₃］⁺形式被树脂吸附后,采用10 mL 0.5 mol/L的硫代硫酸钠溶液可定量洗脱,从而消除了绝大部分共存离子的干扰;树脂柱分离-富集后,硫代米蚩酮光度法测定银的检出限为5.0 μg/L。将本方法用于实际样品分析,测得结果与火焰原子吸收光谱法测定值一致,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)小于或等于14%,加标回收率为96%～102%。     

铬(Ⅲ)和铬(Ⅵ)的离子交换纤维柱分离和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定

比较了强酸性、强碱性、弱酸性、弱碱性和两性等5种离子交换纤维对Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的分离能力,结果表明,强酸性和强碱性离子交换纤维对Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的分离效果最好。分离后的Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)可用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测量。优化了纤维柱分离Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的条件。pH 3.0的含铬试液以2~6 mL/min的流速上柱,当采用强酸性纤维柱进行分离时,用10 mL pH 1.0的硝酸预淋洗Cr(Ⅵ),再用10 mL 2.0mol/L硝酸洗脱Cr(Ⅲ);当采用强碱性纤维柱进行分离时,试液需先加入5 mL 0.005 mol/LEDTA溶液掩蔽Cr(Ⅲ)后上柱,用10mL pH 1.0的稀盐酸预淋洗Cr(Ⅲ),再用10 mL 3.0mol/L硫酸洗脱Cr(Ⅵ)。采用强酸性纤维柱时Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)检出限分别为1.06 ng/mL和0.60 ng/mL;采用强碱性纤维柱时Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)检出限分别为1.03 ng/mL和1.15ng/mL。该方法成功应用于分离和测定管网水、池塘水样和土壤提取液中的Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)。加标回收实验表明,采用强酸性纤维柱进行分离时,Cr(Ⅲ)的回收率为90.0%~108%,相对标准偏差为0.3%~5.3%,Cr(Ⅵ)的回收率为91.7%~107%,相对标准偏差为0.3%~4.4%;采用强碱性纤维柱进行分离时,Cr(Ⅲ)的回收率为93.1%~105%,相对标准偏差为0.4%~5.0%,Cr(Ⅵ)的回收率93.8%~105%,相对标准偏差为0.1%~6.2%。     

Stability of fumonisins in thermally processed corn products

Little is known about the stability of fumonisins in corn-based foods during heating. This study investigated the effects of canning, baking, and roasting (dry heating) processes on the stability of fumonisins in artificially contaminated and naturally contaminated corn-based foods. All samples were analyzed for fumonisin levels by both a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. Canned whole-kernel corn showed a significant (P < or = 0.05) decrease in fumonisins by both ELISA (15%) and HPLC (11%) analyses. Canned cream-style corn and baked corn bread showed significant (P < or = 0.05) decreases in fumonisin levels at an average rate of 9% and 48%, respectively, as analyzed by ELISA. Corn-muffin mix artificially contaminated with 5 micrograms of fumonisin B1 (FB1) per g and naturally contaminated corn-muffin mix showed no significant (P < or = 0.05) losses of fumonisins upon baking. Roasting cornmeal samples artificially contaminated with 5 micrograms of FB1 per g and naturally contaminated cornmeal samples at 218 degrees C for 15 min resulted in almost complete loss of fumonisins.     

Influence of temperature on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of semen Cassiae

The influence of temperature on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of seeds of Cassia tora was examined. As the baking temperature was raised, the contents of free chrysophanol increased. The contents of antihepatotoxic constituents in the samples baked at different temperatures were compared. They decreased as the temperature rose. The pharmacological results basically accorded with the contents of the constituents.     

A tandem solid phase extraction, reversed-phase HPLC method for determining SDZ WAG 994 in dog, monkey and rat blood

The development and validation of a sensitive and specific HPLC method for SDZ WAG 994 (I) in dog, monkey and rat blood is described. Sample preparation entailed double solid phase extraction (SPE) of I and the internal standard from 0.5 ml of animal blood using a phenyl and propyl sulfonic acid cation exchange column, sequentially. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a YMC Basic C-8 narrowbore HPLC column and the eluates were detected by UV absorption at 266 nm. The method has a linear response up to at least 1800 ng/ml with a limit of quantification of 1 ng/ml across all species. Analysis of 'blinded' quality control dog and monkey blood samples over 3 or 4 days produced median precisions of 2.89 and 4.77%, and median reproducibilities of 4.86 and 10.9%, respectively. Curve fitting of variability estimates indicated that concentration independent error contributed 3-9% of the total method error for the tandem SPE procedure. Extracted endogenous material from blood matrices, several potential metabolites and cyclohexyladenosine were well resolved from the peaks of interest. The stability of I in dog blood stored at -20 degrees C is at least 6 months. The overall absolute and relative recovery of I using the tandem SPE procedure was 85.5 +/- 5.1% and 96.5 +/- 5.0%, respectively. The ruggedness of the method has been demonstrated by multiple analyses, from several toxicokinetic studies, performed by different analysts using comparable instrumentation.     

Sensitive determination of a new antiarrhythmic agent, trecetilide, in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

Two high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were developed for the determination of trecetilide in plasma samples. Differing only in the addition of a derivatization step and different detection wavelengths, the two methods encompassed a wide concentration range. In both methods, plasma samples (0.1 ml) with added internal standard were applied to solid-phase extraction discs containing a non-polar/strong cation mixed-phase, washed and eluted with an acetone-acetonitrile triethylamine mixture. The eluate was evaporated to dryness, and either reconstituted and directly injected onto an HPLC column or first derivatized with 1-naphthyl isocyanate before HPLC analysis. In both methods, the separation was performed isocratically on a cyano analytical column utilizing a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-pH 7.9 phosphate buffer (70:30, v/v). The column effluent was monitored by fluorescence detection at 290/345 nm (with derivatization) or 235/320 nm (without derivatization). The limits of detection and quantitation of the assay were 0.57 and 1.9 ng/ml, respectively, when derivatization was used, or 4.3 and 14 ng/ml, respectively, without derivatization.     

Isotope dilution analysis of bromate in drinking water matrixes by ion chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection

Bromate is a disinfection byproduct in drinking water which is formed during the ozonation of source water containing bromide. This paper describes the analysis of bromate via ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The separation of bromate from interferences such as bromide and brominated haloacetic acids is achieved using a PA-100 column in combination with a 5 mM HNO3 + 25 mM NH4NO3 mobile phase. Polyatomic ions are observed on masses 79 and 81 in a synthetic phosphate matrix and in ozonated drinking waters. These polyatomic ions have been tentatively identified as PO3+ and H2PO3+. These polyatomic ions do not interfere with the detection of bromate because phosphate elutes prior to bromate. A polyatomic ion is observed on mass 81 in a synthetic sulfate matrix and in ozonated drinking waters. This polyatomic ion has been tentatively identified as HSO3+ and does not interfere with the detection of bromate because sulfate elutes after bromate. Isotope dilution analysis produces a relative standard deviation (RSD) of approximately 5% for both enriched isotopic additions at sample concentrations of 10 ng/g. The RSD associated with the direct analysis of bromate is 3.2% at sample concentrations of 10 ng/g. The bromate concentrations determined in ozonated drinking waters via isotope dilution analysis are within 10% of the concentrations determined via direct analysis for sample concentrations above 2 ng/g. The detection limit for the direct analysis of bromate via IC-ICPMS is 0.3 ng/g.     

蓄热式烘烤对160 t钢包衬温度均匀性的影响

通过160t钢包蓄热式烘烤实验和数值模拟，得出在给定烘烤时间内，当气体不经预热时包衬平均烘烤温度为1220K，包衬圆周温差大于80K；空气-煤气预热至1273K时，钢包烘烤温度可达1300K，包衬圆周温差小于20K。采用助燃空气和煤气双预热蓄热式燃烧技术有利于提高钢包烘烤效率和包衬温度。     

钢包烘烤温度场的数值仿真与优化

 为优化某厂的钢包烘烤制度,耦合了烘烤过程中流体流动、燃烧和换热过程,建立了用于数值计算的三维数学模型,利用计算流体力学软件FLUENT,采用有限差分方法和修正的速度-压力耦合算法SIMPLEC,计算了钢包内的燃烧现象,重点分析了不同煤气流量下钢包内煤气燃烧温度场的变化规律,并进行了试验验证。结果表明,煤气流量800 m3/h时,烘烤温度较为理想,并且烘烤均匀性好,是提高炉壁温度的最佳流量,计算结果与试验结果基本吻合。提出了可供现场参考的烘烤工艺参数。     

High-pressure liquid chromatography of caffeine in coffee

A new method is described for the determination of caffeine in coffee, based on high-pressure liquid chromatography. The caffeine is extracted from the sample with water and/or methylene chloride, and then separated from interfering materials by passing an aliquot of the extract through a high-pressure column containing sulfonated cation exchange resin, using 0.01M nitric acid as the mobile phase. An ultraviolet detector measures the absorption of the solution directly. The method is rapid and eliminates the lengthy separations common to other methods. The procedure was applied successfully to decaffeinated and non-decaffeinated green, roasted, and instant coffees. This method gives a more accurate measure of the caffeine content in decaffeinated coffee samples than the micro Bailey-Andrew and modified Levine methods, with equal or better precision. This method gives results equal to those obtained by the official methods for non-decaffeinated samples.     

载银纳米SiO2制备与抗菌性研究

在60%硫酸乙酯催化下TEOS水解,通过控制水解条件,得到担载体纳米SiO2。采用吸附法在其表面负载银,制备无机抗菌材料。用抑菌圈直径和杀菌率表征粉末抗菌性能,研究了吸附时间、硝酸银浓度及吸附温度与负载量的关系,并考查了焙烧温度等因素对抗菌性能的影响。研究发现,以离子形式存在的贵金属银的抗菌性能强,焙烧处理温度决定其离子溶出性与可重复使用次数。     

蓄热式钢包烘烤的数值模拟

为了对钢包的烘烤温度进行在线预测,笔者耦合了流体流动、燃烧和换热过程,建立了多入口、多出口的三维非稳态钢包烘烤数学模型。利用计算流体力学软件CFX4．3,采用有限差分方法和修正的速度一压力耦合算法SIMPLEC,计算了某厂蓄热式钢包内衬的温度分布,重点分析了不同气体预热温度下钢包内衬温度的变化规律,并进行了实验验证。结果表明,采用助燃空气一煤气双预热的蓄热式燃烧技术能够有效地提高钢包的烘烤速度和加热均匀性;气体预热温度越高,包衬终点温度越高,温度均匀性也越好。计算结果与实验及工程现象基本吻合,证明该模型对指导现场生产具有重要意义。     

关于201项目的400kA大型预焙铝电解槽焙烧启动实践

根据对201项目的 400 kA大型预焙铝电解槽焙烧启动进行数据分析,可得出曾在焙烧启动过程中发生渗漏的铝电解槽,在二次或三次焙烧启动过程中,虽然整体的焙烧温度偏低,且理论上讲未能够达到理想的焙烧效果,但是仍可以顺利地进行焙烧启动的结论。其焙烧启动后不仅运行效果良好,各项经济技术指标丝毫未受到影响,而且还降低了其焙烧启动的成本与大修成本。     

Phonologically mediated priming in spoken and printed word recognition.

Three priming studies investigated the role of phonology in both spoken- and printed-word recognition. Homophone primes (e.g., dough and doe) made ambiguous through auditory presentation (e.g., /do/), produced significant semantic priming effects on target words related to multiple interpretations of the ambiguous prime (e.g., bread and deer). In contrast, homophone primes made unambiguous through visual presentation failed to produce comparable priming effects. For example, the phonologically mediated priming effects from dough to deer and from doe to bread were found to be small relative to the direct semantic priming effects from dough to bread and from doe to deer. These results indicate that phonology does not play the same mediating role during printed-word recognition as it does during spoken-word recognition. Instead, orthography appears to constrain the activation of lexical entries during printed-word recognition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

铁矾渣还原焙烧制备磁铁矿的研究

对某锌冶炼厂的铁矾渣进行了粉煤还原焙烧-磁选试验研究,考查了焙烧过程中Zn、Fe、S等主要元素的行为。研究结果表明,在900℃时还原焙烧可以产出磁性很强的磁铁矿,Zn转化为铁酸锌。超过900℃时会有有碱性硫化物生成。粉煤还原焙烧铁矾的最佳条件是:温度900℃,粉煤用量为45g/kg,焙烧时间75min。此时烧渣含S3.07%,含Fe55.94%,烧渣水浸后含S降低到1.47%。在最佳条件下进行焙烧—磁选,精矿含Fe在58.99%～58.72%之间,精矿中Zn含量均比尾矿高约1%,烧渣中大部分S与磁性产物在一起,磁选精矿含S在2.5%～3%之间。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量铼

采用氧化镁半熔、热水浸取法处理样品,用732型阳离子交换树脂处理溶液以减少溶液中盐类含量,实现了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对地质样品中痕量铼的测定。实验表明:通过对氧化镁灼烧、水浸处理,可使氧化镁的铼空白值由0.07ng/g降低至0.025ng/g;采用氢氧化钠凝聚氧化镁沉淀,可减少氧化镁对高铼酸根的吸附,使痕量铼的回收率提高10%左右;过滤时在漏斗颈注入732型阳离子交换树脂吸附阳离子,可有效降低溶液中盐类含量,进而避免了锥孔堵塞、雾室和炬管积盐等干扰测定的现象出现,且过滤和阳离子交换同步完成,简化了分析流程。校准曲线相关系数大于0.9995,方法检出限为0.031ng/g。采用实验方法对含铼地质标准样品和水系沉积物标准样品中铼进行测定,结果与认定值吻合,相对误差(RE)为-6.9%~17.1%,相对标准偏差均不大于6.8%。分别采用实验方法与过氧化钠熔融-丙酮萃取ICP-MS方法对土壤样品(1#~4#)和钼矿样品(5#~8#)中的铼进行方法对照试验,结果基本一致。     

Organisation of the bph gene cluster of transposon Tn4371, encoding enzymes for the degradation of biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl compounds

We have isolated beta-trace protein from cerebrospinal fluid, serum, plasma, and urine samples of normal volunteers and sera and hemofiltrate of patients with chronic renal failure. Blood-derived and urinary beta-trace have significantly higher molecular weights than their cerebrospinal fluid counterpart, the amino acid sequences being identical. Oligosaccharide structural analysis revealed these molecular weight differences to be due to different N-glycosylation. beta-Trace from hemofiltrate and urine has larger sugar chains and concurrently significantly higher sialylation than cerebrospinal fluid-beta-trace which bears truncated "brain-type" oligosaccharide chains (published previously). beta-Trace concentrations were about 40 ng/ml for normal sera and plasma. 2000-6000 ng/ml were measured in sera of dialysis patients whereas in normal human cerebrospinal fluid, beta-trace concentration was about 8000 ng/ml. A reduced amount of 900 ng/ml was found in a single case of hydrocephalus cerebri. The sialylated glycoforms of beta-trace detected in the blood are presumably derived from resorbed cerebrospinal fluid protein whereas beta-TP-molecules bearing asialo-oligosaccharides are absent due to their hepatic clearance. The residual, sialylated beta-TP-species are probably eliminated from the blood via the kidney. This physiological clearance mechanism for the sialylated glycoforms is disturbed in hemodialysis patients resulting in about 100-fold elevated serum concentrations. These results let us suggest beta-trace may become a useful novel diagnostic protein in renal diseases.     

火花源原子发射光谱法测定银中铜铋铁铅锑钯硒碲

探讨了火花源原子发射光谱法分析银中杂质元素铜、铋、铁、铅、锑、钯、硒和碲的分析条件、样品处理方法, 确定了各杂质元素测定范围。采用对测定结果无明显影响的车床或压样机加工样品表面, 用盐酸(1+9)去除试样表面的沾污, 校准曲线采用仪器内置的纯银标准曲线, 并通过内部质量控制样品和校正样品监控。实验方法用于纯银标准样品中8种元素的分析, 测定值与认定值一致;对银锭样品进行分析, 各元素11次测定结果的相对标准偏差在1.0%~4.0％之间。方法可用于纯银和银锭中包括钯的杂质元素分析。     

Are amylases in bakery products and flour potential food allergens?

The enzyme alpha-amylase from the mould Aspergillus oryzae (Asp o II) routinely used for the production of bread, cakes and pastries has in recent years been identified as an inhalative allergen for occupational diseases (bakers' asthma). It is doubtful whether this amylase in the final product, i.e. after the baking procedure, can still be regarded as an allergen. To clarify this question, detailed case histories on 138 subjects were recorded (98 allergics, 20 patients suffering form chronic intestinal diseases, 20 healthy controls). The clinical examinations included prick skin test and IgE antibody determination using one of the customary enzyme preparations. EAST showed a few of these 138 bread consumers to be weakly sensitized to the enzyme. One of the subjects displayed a significant reaction to alpha-amylase heated to 200 degrees C. As expected, eleven bakers sensitized to alpha-amylase by inhaling it in the workplace (positive prick test, positive case history) predominantly exhibited specific IgE antibodies to the native enzyme. Apart from one weakly positive finding, heated alpha-amylase yielded negative results in this collective. Baking conditions vary widely, especially with regard to single components, temperature and duration. Thus, further investigations as to residual allergenicity or the feasible occurrence of new antigenic determinants during the production of bread, cake and pastries are required. 27% of bakers examined and 9% of atopics showed antibodies to a flour inherent enzyme, a beta-amylase. On the whole, the selected conditions hinted at a weakly sensitizing potential inherent in baking flour and in added amylase.