碳酸二苯酯在乙醇-碳酸二乙酯中固液平衡的测定与关联

采用激光法测定了碳酸二苯酯(DPC)在乙醇 碳酸二乙酯(DEC)混合溶剂中的溶解度。结果表明,在283.15～333.15 K下,碳酸二苯酯在混合溶剂中的溶解度随温度的升高而增大;相同温度下,溶解度随着乙醇浓度的增大而减小。进一步选用Wilson方程和λh方程拟合DPC的溶解度, 根据实验数据回归了模型参数,溶解度拟合值与实验值非常吻合,平均误差小于2.0%。计算表明Wilson方程对碳酸二苯酯-乙醇-碳酸二乙酯体系的计算精度更高些。     

对羟基苯甘氨酸硫酸盐在水-丙酮中溶解度的测定与关联

利用灵敏的激光监视装置,采用恒温溶解法测定了对羟基苯甘氨酸硫酸盐在水-丙酮二元混合溶剂中的溶解度.实验温度范围约为303～323 K,水-丙酮混合溶剂中水的变化范围为0%～100%.在纯丙酮和低含水量的混合溶剂中,对羟基苯甘氨酸硫酸盐溶解度很低.混合溶剂含水9.09%以下时,溶解度随水含量增加略有降低.随着溶剂中水量的进一步增加,溶解度随之增大.在研究的温度范围内,溶质在纯水中的溶解度约为纯丙酮中的50～70倍.同一溶剂中,溶解度随温度升高而增大.用从Clausius-Clapeyron方程推导的理论模型关联溶解度与温度的关系,计算的溶解度和实验值符合良好,平均相对误差1.73%.实验结果可应用于对羟基苯甘氨酸的提纯和优先结晶法拆分工艺.     

对氨基苯酚在乙醇-水溶液中溶解度的关联

测定了鲜见文献报道的对氨基苯酚(p-Aminophenol,简称PAP)在水、乙醇、质量分数为55%的乙醇和水混合溶液中的溶解度,测定的温度范围是从14~77℃。实验数据用经验公式、Apellblat等人提出的溶解度模型[1]、以及Wilson公式进行了验证。实验结果令人满意。     

甲基二乙醇胺-乙二醇-水混合溶剂中CO_2和H_2S的溶解度

采用自吸式搅拌鼓泡反应釜,系统测定了CO2和H2S在甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)与乙二醇(EG)混合溶剂中的溶解度。研究表明,与MDEA质量分率30%的水溶液相比,CO2在非水MDEA混合溶剂中的溶解度下降幅度较大;而H2S在非水MDEA混合溶剂中的溶解度仅略有降低。在MDEA浓度一定的情况下,CO2和H2S的溶解度均随着混合溶剂中水含量的增加而升高,其中水含量变化对CO2溶解度的影响尤为显著。采用改进的Kent-Eisenberg简化模型,将气液平衡体系的非理想性归集于表观平衡常数K1和K2中。通过单一H2S-MDEA或CO2-MDEA体系的溶解度实验数据,由最小二乘法数据回归得出表观平衡常数K1和K2表达式,由模型计算得到的CO2和H2S酸气平衡分压平均偏差分别为4.59%和6.19%,与实验值符合较好。     

氧气在醋酸水溶液中的溶解度估算

将水作为溶剂主体,通过热力学分析导出了氧气在纯水中的溶解度模型。将醋酸作为有机溶剂添加剂,用Stechenov关联式表征了醋酸对氧气在水中的溶解度的影响。模型参数由文献数据回归得到,模型计算得到的溶解度值与文献报导的实验值进行比较吻合良好。建立的氧气在醋酸水溶液中的溶解度机理模型可用于关联和预测不同醋酸浓度下不同温度和压力时氧气在醋酸水溶液中的溶解度。     

2-氯-4，6-二硝基间苯二酚在乙醇／水混合溶剂中溶解度的研究

利用紫外吸收方法测得了2-氯-4,6-二硝基间苯二酚在乙醇／水混合溶剂中的溶解度,将实验溶解度数据和三参数经验模型相关联,通过系统的研究,证明三参数经验模型是合理的数学方程,可以准确地描述在乙醇／水混合溶剂中2一氯-4,6-二硝基间苯二酚溶解度变化规律,模型三参数（a,b和c）被确定。2-氯-4,6-二硝基间苯二酚在乙醇,水混合溶剂中的溶解度随温度的升高而增大;随水含量的升高而减小。     

甲钴胺溶解度的测定和关联

在甲钴胺的结晶分离纯化过程中,溶解度数据至关重要。本文采用静态法测定了273～335K范围内甲钴胺在溶剂——纯水、乙醇及丙酮：水=8：1的混合溶剂中的溶解度数据,为结晶方案的确定和结晶工艺条件的优化提供了基础的热力学数据。实验结果表明,甲钴胺在纯溶剂水或乙醇中的溶解度随着温度的升高而增加;此外,甲钴胺在丙酮：水=8：1混合溶剂中几乎不溶解。采用Apelblat模型和经验多项式方程关联测定结果,其溶解度关联值和实验值比较吻合。这为采用溶析结晶法分离甲钴胺提供了理论基础。     

地高辛在不同溶剂中的溶解度测定及关联

在278. 15～323. 15 K下采用静态平衡法测定了地高辛在乙醇、甲醇、异丙醇、甲醇-水体系(甲醇体积分数为80%)及乙醇-水体系(乙醇体积分数为80%、60%、40%、20%)中的溶解度数据,采用Apelblat方程、多项式经验方程和λh方程对地高辛的溶解度进行关联。实验结果表明,8种溶剂中,地高辛的溶解度均随温度的升高而增加,在80%乙醇水混合溶剂中溶解度最大,在20%乙醇水中溶解度最小,几种热力学模型对地高辛的关联效果也很好。经热力学理论分析,计算溶解焓与溶解熵可知地高辛的溶解过程为吸热过程。地高辛溶解度的测定及关联为其工业化纯化溶剂的选择提供重要理论依据。     

二苯基亚砜在有机溶剂中的溶解度测定和拟合

在温度288.30～334.32 K、常压条件下,采用合成法测定二苯基亚砜在乙醇、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、丙酮、氯仿以及一系列浓度的乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度。实验结果表明,在相同温度下,5种纯溶剂中二苯基亚砜的溶解度大小顺序如下,氯仿 > 丙酮 > 甲苯 > 乙酸乙酯 > 乙醇;乙醇-水混合溶剂中溶解度随着乙醇浓度下降而迅速降低;该溶解过程为吸热熵增过程,且随着溶解Gibbs斯自由能增大,溶解度减小。数据采用改进的Apelblat方程和van’t Hoff方程进行拟合,在乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度数据还采用Jouban-Acree方程拟合。拟合结果与实验数据基本吻合。测定的固液平衡数据可为二苯基亚砜的合成与提纯等过程的溶剂选择提供依据。     

二苯基亚砜在有机溶剂中的溶解度测定和拟合

在温度288.30~334.32 K、常压条件下,采用合成法测定二苯基亚砜在乙醇、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、丙酮、氯仿以及一系列浓度的乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度。实验结果表明,在相同温度下,5种纯溶剂中二苯基亚砜的溶解度大小顺序如下,氯仿丙酮甲苯乙酸乙酯乙醇;乙醇-水混合溶剂中溶解度随着乙醇浓度下降而迅速降低;该溶解过程为吸热熵增过程,且随着溶解Gibbs斯自由能增大,溶解度减小。数据采用改进的Apelblat方程和van’t Hoff方程进行拟合,在乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度数据还采用Jouban-Acree方程拟合。拟合结果与实验数据基本吻合。测定的固液平衡数据可为二苯基亚砜的合成与提纯等过程的溶剂选择提供依据。     

2-氨基乙醇硫酸酯溶解度的测定与关联

用带激光监视系统的可控升温速率的溶解度测定装置,常压下测定温度范围为288.66-335.46 K用乙醇胺和硫酸作原料合成牛磺酸过程中的中间产物2-氨基乙醇硫酸酯在水、水+乙醇混合溶剂(体积分数为0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5)中的固液相平衡数据.并用简单模型、Apelblat模型、λh方程模型对实验数据进行关...     

Solubility measurement and thermodynamic properties of sulfamonomethoxine in pure solvents and sulfamonomethoxine hydrate in acetone + water binary solvent at different temperature

The experimental solubility of sulfamonomethoxine in six different pure solvents (methanol,ethanol,1-propanol,l-butanol,ethyl acetate and acetone) and sulfamonomethoxine hydrate in acetone + water mixture solvents were measured from 294.55 K to 362.15 K by a laser dynamic method under atmospheric pressure.Experimental results indicated that the solubility data of sulfamonomethoxine increased with temperature increasing in pure solvents and the solubility followed this order:acetone ＞methanol ＞ ethanol ＞ ethyl acetate ＞ 1-propanol ＞ 1-butanol,but solubility in ethyl acetate was not affected significantly by temperature.In acetone + water mixture solvent,the solubility of sulfa-monomethoxine hydrate increased with temperature and the acetone concentration.Thermodynamic equations were applied to correlate solubility data of sulfamonomethoxine and sulfamonomethoxine hydrate including the modified Apelblat equation,λh equation,Wilson equation,NRTL equation,Van't Hoff-Jouyban Acree equation and modified Apel-Jouyban-Acree equation.Furthermore,thermodynamic properties △Gd,△Hd and △Sd of sulfamonomethoxine and sulfamonomethoxine hydrate in dissolution process were obtained and discussed with the modified Van't Hoff equation and Gibbs equation.     

反式阿魏酸在溶剂中的溶解度

由微波辅助提取技术应用到从稻壳中提取阿魏酸的过程中,采用溶剂萃取法分离提纯反式-阿魏酸。本文研究了反式-阿魏酸在8种二元物系相平衡数据,采用激光监视技术测定了反式-阿魏酸在乙酸甲酯,乙酸乙酯,乙酸丁酯,甲醇,乙醇,二氯甲烷,三氯甲烷和水混合溶剂中的溶解度,并用简单模型进行了关联,其溶解度关联值与实测值吻合程度良好。     

Solubility determination and thermodynamic modeling of bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) in different solvents

Studies on the degradation process of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) have become increasingly mature, but there are relatively few studies on the separation of degradation products. The products contain many components and the separation of which is difficult. Therefore, the study on phase equilibrium thermodynamics of bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) is of great theoretical significance and practical value to provide basic data for the BHET crystallization separation. In this work, the degraded products were purified and characterized. The solubility of BHET in methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, water and the mixture of ethylene glycol + water were determined by static method. The experimental results were correlated with different models, such as ideal solution (IS) model, λh equation, Apelblat equation and NRTL model. Based on the van't Hoff equation, the mixing Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy were calculated. From this work, the basic data which can be used to guide the crystallization process of BHET were obtained, including solubility data, correlation model and thermodynamic properties.     

Determination and correlation solubility of m-phenylenediamine in (methanol,ethanol, acetonitrile and water) and their binary solvents from 278.15 K to 313.15 K

In this study, the solubility of m-phenylenediamine in four pure solvents(methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile and water) and three binary solvent(methanol + water),(ethanol + water) and(acetonitrile + water) systems were determined in the temperature ranging from 278.15 K to 313.15 K by using the gravimetric method under atmospheric pressure. In the temperature range of 278.15 K to 313.15 K, the mole fraction solubility values of m-phenylenediamine in water, methanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile are 0.0093–0.1533, 0.1668–0.5589,0.1072–0.5356, and 0.1717–0.6438, respectively. At constant temperature and solvent composition, the mole fraction solubility of o-phenylenediamine in four pure solvents was increased as the following order:water b ethanol b methanol b acetonitrile; and in the three binary solvent mixtures could be ranked as follows:(ethanol + water) b(methanol + water) b(acetonitrile + water). The relationship between the experimental temperature and the solubility of m-phenylenediamine was revealed as follows: the solubility of mphenylenediamine in pure and binary solvents could be increased with the increase of temperature. The experimental values were correlated with the Jouyban–Acree model, van't Hoff–Jouyban–Acree model, modified Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree model, Sun model and Ma model. The standard dissolution enthalpy, standard dissolution entropy and the Gibbs energy were calculated based on the experimental solubility data. In the binary solvent mixtures, the dissolution of m-phenylenediamine could be an endothermic process. The solubility data,correlation equations and thermodynamic property obtained from this study would be invoked as basic data and models regarding the purification and crystallization process of m-phenylenediamine.     

S-噻吗洛尔-D-酒石酸非对映体盐在有机溶剂中的溶解度测定和预测

实验测定了S-噻吗洛尔-D-酒石酸非对映体盐(S-TTS)在乙醇、正丙醇、丙酮、1,2-二氯乙烷和乙酸乙酯中的溶解度。在相同温度下,S-TTS在这些溶剂中的溶解度(s)顺序是:s(乙醇)>s(正丙醇)>s(丙酮)>s(1,2-二氯乙烷)>s(乙酸乙酯)。用四参数多项式、Apelblat方程、改进的Apelblat方程和λH方程关联了溶解度实验数据,以四参数多项式关联实验数据的结果最好,其相关系数(R2)>0.99,平均绝对相对偏差(AARD)(%)<4。提出了1,2,5-硫氮二茂基团、含手性碳次甲基基团(*CH)等新的基团相互作用参数,并用UNIFAC法预测了S-TTS在这5种溶剂中的溶解度,所得结果的平均绝对相对偏差(%)<53,并与用.H方程等的结果作了比较。     

紫杉醇溶解度的测定与关联

引　言紫杉醇是目前临床上治疗乳腺癌、卵巢癌最有效的化疗药物 ,也是最有前景的广谱抗癌药物之一 .在紫杉醇的生产中 ,最后步骤都是重结晶纯化操作 ,才能得到最终产品 ,但这些重结晶过程的进行尚处于经验水平上 .因此 ,要进行合理的结晶反应器的设计 ,选择合适的重结晶溶剂 ,优化重结晶工艺条件 ,溶解度数据必不可少 ,而目前紫杉醇在各种溶剂中的溶解度数据均未见报道 .另外 ,在紫杉醇常规分离纯化过程 ,如萃取、色谱过程、结晶以及注射液制剂中 ,均需了解其溶解特性 ,为溶剂的选择提供依据 .由于紫杉醇这样的天然产物分子结构复杂 ,现有的…     

MEASUREMENT AND CORRELATION OF TAXOL SOLUBILITY IN METHANOL,ETHANOL AND METHANOL-WATER SYSTEMS

Taxol is a unique antitumor drug that appears to exert its activity as a result of interference with microtubular structure and function. The Taxol solubility of in methanol, ethanol and methanol-water was measured by the equilibrium method in this paper. The data obtained were correlated by the regress equation and ANN model. The results showed that the both were in excellent agreement with the experimental data and the ANN model was more convenient than the regress equation.