弹性地基圆形加肋板静力弯曲及弯曲自由振动分析的无网格法EI北大核心CSCD

基于一阶剪切理论和移动最小二乘法,提出分析弹性地基圆形加肋板线性弯曲的静力和自由振动问题的无网格方法。对弹性地基采用Winkler地基模型,对圆形加肋板则将平板和肋条分开考虑,通过位移协调条件建立两者的参数转换方程。平板和肋条均采用一系列点来离散,用移动最小二乘法建立的形函数来分别描述两者的位移场,再分别通过最小势能原理和Hamilton原理导出弹性地基的静力弯曲和弯曲自由振动控制方程,最后采用完全转换法处理边界条件。以一系列不同基床系数、荷载、边界、肋条布置方式的弹性地基圆形加肋板为例,研究所提出方法的收敛性和稳定性,并将计算结果与有限元、文献结果对比。研究表明该方法可以有效分析弹性地基圆形加肋板线性弯曲的静力和自由振动问题,且肋条位置改变时,可避免网格重构。     

混合弹性边界下板类结构的动力学分析方法

板结构与其他构件的装配关系可用不同的边界条件进行模拟,然而针对不同边界条件的板结构进行动力学特性分析,目前缺乏统一的数学建模方法。以混合弹性边界条件下加筋、开孔的板类结构的横向振动为例,利用Rayleigh-Ritz法和模态叠加法求解矩形加筋多孔板在简谐激励下的动力学响应问题。采用将开孔板与加强筋沿交界面进行分离,结合改进的傅里叶级数设定开孔板的横向振动位移函数,利用不同刚度弹簧模拟混合弹性边界,推导加筋矩形开多孔板和边界弹簧系统的动能与势能,求解其在简谐激励下的动力学响应。经对比,理论计算结果与有限元（Finite Element Method,FEM）结果吻合良好。此外,用同样的方法分析不同孔尺寸对结构固有频率和响应的影响。研究发现,可通过改变加筋板的开孔形状、尺寸对结构的振动特性进行调整。研究成果可为混合弹性边界板结构动力分析提供一种新的技术途径,可以简化加筋开孔板结构动力分析的步骤。     

地下结构中弹性板的有限元分析

本文在平板有限元的基础上，对弹性板采用８节点四边形抛物线等参元进行分析，依据共同作用原理推导出弹性地基及弹性支撑对刚度阵和载荷阵的贡献。得到弹性地基及弹性支撑与板相互作用的二维抛物等参元的有限元公式。按导出的公式编写了有限元程序，并对程序进行考核，证明所得结果与理论结果能较好地吻合。     

弹性边界约束矩形板的振动特性分析：理论、有限元和实验

提出一种有效的理论方法研究弹性边界约束矩形板的振动特性,并设计实验测试不同边界矩形板的固有频率。矩形板的弹性边界约束采用一系列的均布线性弹簧模拟,用特征正交多项式来表示矩形板的位移容许函数,并采用瑞利-里茨法获得弹性边界约束矩形板的固有频率和固有振型。通过改变边界弹簧的刚度即可模拟矩形板不同的边界条件,提高计算效率。基于理论方法计算获得结构固有频率并和有限元及实验结果进行对比,验证所提理论方法的正确性。此外,通过实验测试的方法分析弹性-简支、弹性-固支等不同边界组合条件下矩形板的振动特性,分析调整不同边界弹簧刚度对矩形板振动特性的影响。     

超弹性柔性结构与流体耦合运动的浸入边界法研究

浸入边界法是模拟大变形柔性弹性结构和粘性流体相互作用的重要数值方法之一。该文有效结合传统的反馈力方法和混合有限元浸入边界方法,对圆柱和方柱绕流后柔性悬臂梁流固耦合振动问题进行数值模拟。其中,固体采用超弹性材料,利用有限单元法求解,流体为不可压缩牛顿流体,使用笛卡尔自适应加密网格,利用有限差分法进行求解。通过数值计算,得到柔性超弹性结构的耦合振动特性和流场动态分布特性,并将计算结果同其他文献计算结果进行比较,验证了该耦合计算方法的可靠性。     

饱和弹性半空间地基与中厚圆板的动力相互作用

利用Fourier-Bessel级数,对横观各向同性饱和弹性半空间地基与中厚圆板的动力相互作用问题进行了系统地分析。板的位移函数、荷载、地基反力及板下地基表面的沉降均被展开为二重Fourier-Bessel级数,这些级数中的待定系数由板的边界条件、板的控制方程及板-地基的相容条件加以确定,从而将饱和弹性半空间地基与中厚圆板的动力相互作用问题转化为数值积分和代数方程组的求解问题。数值计算表明,该级数解答具有较快的收敛速度。可以将该方法推广到弹性半空间与梁、矩形板相互作用问题的分析。     

磁场环境下导电圆形薄板的磁弹性强迫振动

研究了电磁场环境下机械载荷作用圆形导电薄板的磁弹性强迫振动问题。首先给出了圆形薄板的磁弹性轴对称振动方程,并依据麦克斯韦方程,得到了相应的电磁场方程和电磁力表达式,在此基础上,对横向恒定磁场中周边固支和周边简支边界约束圆板的振动问题进行了分析。基于位移函数的设定,应用伽辽金法,推得了导电圆板的磁弹性强迫振动微分方程。通过数值计算,得到了两种边界约束条件下圆板磁弹性振动的幅频和相频曲线图,并对结果进行了分析,讨论了磁感应强度和板厚等参数对系统振动特性的影响。     

耦合板在任意弹性边界条件下的自由振动分析

采用改进傅立叶级数的方法对任意弹性边界条件下的耦合板进行自由振动分析,将板的振动位移函数表示为标准的二维傅立叶余弦级数和辅助级数的线性组合。通过辅助级数的引入,解决了位移导数在边界不连续的问题。边界条件和耦合条件通过均匀布置的线性位移弹簧和旋转弹簧来模拟,通过改变弹簧刚度值可以实现任意边界条件和耦合条件的模拟。利用Hamilton原理建立求解方程,建立一个线性方程组,最终得到耦合板的控制方程的矩阵表达式,通过特征值分解可以求得固有频率。通过数值仿真分析计算并与有限元结果进行比较,验证了本方法的准确性。     

正压冲固平台波浪和海流作用下动力响应分析

针对正压冲固平台在波浪和海流作用下动力响应问题，应用Morison方程和Stokes五阶波理论计算波浪和海流合力；基于弹性半空间理论并采用三次样条函数双向插值方法求解基础的动刚度和阻尼；在此基础上采用有限元方法计算该平台的动力响应。此外采用6倍桩径法计算了平台的动力响应，对比二者结果，说明本文研究的计算方法可靠。     

柔性约束边界对板抗爆动力响应的影响分析

约束边界的形式和刚度的差异会直接影响结构在爆炸荷载作用下的动力响应及其承载能力,现有防护结构的计算理论未能考虑柔性边界的影响,已不再适用,因此有必要建立考虑边界效应的结构抗爆计算方法。该文建立了具有周边分布柔性约束板的计算模型,推导出结构的振型函数,并计算分析了竖向弹性与阻尼约束、抗弯约束和荷载作用时间对结构位移和内力的影响。计算表明:竖向弹性与阻尼约束使板的整体位移增加,由此引起的附加惯性力会消耗部分能量,从而降低了结构的挠曲变形(相对位移)和弯矩值;周边的抗弯约束能限制结构的转动,也有效降低板的最大位移值,因此可通过调节周边柔性约束的形式和刚度提高结构的抗爆潜力。荷载作用时间主要通过参数影响结构的响应,较小时,随着的增加,弯矩值显著增大。     

On the performance of Mindlin plate elements in modelling plate-elastic medium interaction: A comparative study

This paper discusses the finite element analysis of the flexural interaction between an elastic plate and an elastic half-space. The applicability of certain Mindlin-type plate elements, based on reduced integration techniques, to this class of interaction problem is investigated. A series of numerical computations reveal that those elements which possess spurious zero-energy modes are deficient in modelling properly the interaction phenomenon. It is also found that the ‘heterosis’ plate element reported in the literature is capable of modelling the plate-elastic medium interaction very efficiently.     

Combined numerical–experimental model for the identification of mechanical properties of laminated structures

A combined numerical–experimental method for the identification of six elastic material modulus of generally thick composite plates is proposed in this paper. This technique can be used in composite plates made of different materials and with general stacking sequences. It makes use of experimental plate response data, corresponding numerical predictions and optimisation techniques. The plate response is a set of natural frequencies of flexural vibration. The numerical model is based on the finite element method using a higher-order displacement field. The model is applied to the identification of the elastic modulus of the plate specimen through optimisation techniques, using analytical sensitivities. The validity, efficiency and potentiality of the proposed technique is discussed through test cases.     

A combined finite element/strip element method for analyzing elastic wave scattering by cracks and inclusions in laminates

 A new numerical technique combining the finite element method and strip element method is presented to study the scattering of elastic waves by a crack and/or inclusion in an anisotropic laminate. Two-dimensional problems in the frequency domain are studied. The interior part of the plate containing cracks or inclusions is modeled by the conventional finite element method. The exterior parts of the plate are modeled by the strip element method that can deal problems of infinite domain in a rigorous and efficient manner. Numerical examples are presented to validate the proposed technique and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. It is found that, by combining the finite element method and the strip element method, the shortcomings of both methods are avoided and their advantages are maintained. This technique is efficient for wave scattering in anisotropic laminates containing inclusions and/or cracks of arbitrary shape. Received 2 February 2001     

Dynamic response of finite sized elastic runways subjected to moving loads: A coupled BEM/FEM approach

The transient response of a finite elastic plate, resting on an elastic half-space, and subjected to moving loads is considered here. Both the cases of an elastic foundation alone, as well as a finite sized elastic plate resting on an elastic foundation are considered. The numerical methods employed are: (1) the time-domain boundary element method for the elastic foundation and (2) a combination of the time-domain boundary element method for the soil and the semi-discrete finite element method for the finite sized elastic plate. Both constant as well as linear-time-interpolation schemes are included in the BEM. The integration is carried out analytically in time. The analytical solution for a moving point load on an infinite elastic plate resting on an elastic half-space is derived here. This is used as a benchmark against which the present numerical solution is compared with. The accuracy of the numerical method is also verified by comparing the solutions with some existing numerical results; the comparison with the solutions based on a Winkler foundation model reveals the limitations of the applicability of such a model, especially in the cases of high velocities of the moving load. This is because neither the inertia of the foundation, nor the behaviour of the foundation as a continuum, can be properly accounted for in Winkler's model. A parametric study is conducted, and the influences of velocity of the moving load, load distribution, etc. on the dynamic response of the soil/runway system are investigated. Furthermore, the present computational method is applied to the problem of a transport airplane taxiing on a concrete pavement resting on a typical soil. The responses of pavements are presented for different taxiing velocities.     

作大范围运动矩形薄板的建模理论和有限元离散方法

研究了作大范围运动薄板的耦合动力学建模理论和离散化方法。对作大范围运动的薄板建立了耦合动力学模型，计及了在结构动力学中对薄板动力学特性影响很小的二次耦合变形量。用有限元方法对秉性薄板进行离散，基于Jourdain速度变分原理导出了作大范围运动薄板的动力学方程。计算了作旋转运动的薄板的变形，将仿真结果与不计二次耦合变形量的传统方法进行比较表明，随着转速的提高，仿真结果出现明显的差异。此外，将本文有限元与假设模态法的计算结果进行比较，揭示了高速旋转时假设模态法的局限性，表明取无大范围运动的高阶模态可以提高假设模态法的计算精度。     

Finite element studies of the impact-echo response of plates containing thin layers and voids

Quantitative nondestructive evaluation based on the use of transient stress waves generated by point impact is hindered by the fact that the governing partial differential equations admit closed-form solutions for only the most trivial cases, an infinite half-space and an infinite plate. In previous studies carried out by the authors, the finite element method has been shown to provide useful numerical solutions for a variety of cases involving bounded solids containing flaws. Numerical results have been verified with carefully controlled experiments. Currently, the method is being used to establish the basis for a new nondestructive evaluation technique for civil engineering structures. This technique is called impact-echo, and it is based on the use of low frequency, transient stress waves generated by elastic point impact. In this paper, the impact-echo response of plates containing thin layers is studied using finite element models. The purpose of these studies was to determine the applicability of using the method for detecting voids in layered civil engineering structures. Results of the numerical studies show that it is feasible to use the impact-echo method for this application.     

Geometrically nonlinear static and free vibration analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric plates

In this paper, nonlinear static and free vibration analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric plates has been carried out using finite element method under different sets of mechanical and electrical loadings. The plate with functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM) is assumed to be graded through the thickness by a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. Only the geometrical nonlinearity has been taken into account and electric potential is assumed to be quadratic across the FGPM plate thickness. The governing equations are obtained using potential energy and Hamilton’s principle that includes elastic and piezoelectric effects. The finite element model is derived based on constitutive equation of piezoelectric material accounting for coupling between elasticity and electric effect using higher order plate elements. The present finite element is modeled with displacement components and electric potential as nodal degrees of freedom. Results are presented for two constituent FGPM plate under different mechanical boundary conditions. Numerical results for PZT-4/PZT-5H plate are given in dimensionless graphical forms. Effects of material composition and boundary conditions on nonlinear response are also studied. The numerical results obtained by the present model are in good agreement with the available solutions reported in the literature.     

Estimation of piezoelastic and viscoelastic properties in laminated structures

An inverse method for material parameter estimation of elastic, piezoelectric and viscoelastic laminated plate structures is presented. The method uses a gradient based optimization technique in order to solve the inverse problem, through minimization of an error functional which expresses the difference between experimental free vibration data and corresponding numerical data produced by a finite element model. The complex modulus approach is used to model the viscoelastic material behavior, assuming hysteretic type damping. Applications that illustrate the influence of adhesive material interfaces and viscoelastic parameter identification are presented and a few simulated test cases aid the interpretation of results.     

Detection and Modelling of Nonlinear Elastic Response in Damaged Composite Structures

In this paper the nonlinear material response of damaged composite structures under periodic excitation is experimentally and numerically investigated. In particular, the nonlinear wave propagation problem was numerically analysed through a finite element model able to predict the nonlinear interaction of acoustic/ultrasonic waves with damage precursors and micro-cracks. Such a constitutive model is based on the Landau’s semi-analytical approach to account for anharmonic effects of the medium, and is able to provide an understanding of nonlinear elastic phenomena such as the second harmonic generation. Moreover, Kelvin tensorial formulation was used to extend the wave propagation problem in orthotropic materials to the 3D Cartesian space. In this manner, the interaction of the stress waves with the 3D crack could be analysed. This numerical model was then experimentally validated on a composite plate undergone to impact loading. Good agreement between the experimental and numerical second harmonic response was found, showing that this material model can be used as a simple and useful tool for future structural diagnostic applications.     

单向承压层合板纤维微屈曲的有限元分析

本文应用分叉理论对单向承压层合板作有限变形、弹塑性有限元分析,得到纤维微屈曲现象及由此而引起的纤维层表面波动形态,并给出微屈曲发生后剪应力等的数值和分布。在层合板剪切强度薄弱处,有可能因纤维微层曲而引起层间剥离破坏。