有机化累托石改性沥青的制备及性能研究

采用熔融插层法制备了有机化累托石(OREC)改性沥青,利用X射线衍射(XRD)表征了OREC改性沥青的微观结构,研究了OREC用量对改性沥青物理性能和粘度的影响,并通过薄膜烘箱(TFOT)和压力老化(PAV)对基质沥青和改性沥青老化性能进行了比较。结果表明:OREC可与沥青熔融插层形成剥离型纳米复合结构;OREC与沥青熔融共混后,沥青的软化点和粘度均增大;与普通沥青相比,经TFOT和PAV老化后,OREC改性沥青的软化点增量和粘度增加率显著减小,表明OREC可有效改善沥青耐老化性能。     

有机蒙脱土/SBS改性沥青的制备与性能研究

采用熔融插层法制备了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/SBS改性沥青,利用XRD和荧光显微镜表征了OMMT/SBS改性沥青的微观结构,研究了OMMT对SBS改性沥青物理性能和老化性能的影响。结果表明:OMMT与SBS改性沥青形成了剥离型纳米复合结构,并且OMMT可起到交联中心的作用,有利于SBS交联网络在沥青中的形成;OMMT可有效提高SBS改性沥青的粘度和软化点。与SBS改性沥青相比,在PAV老化后,OMMT/SBS改性沥青粘度增加率小、残留针入度比高,表现出优良的耐老化性能。     

有机膨润土复配SBS改性沥青性能的研究

研究了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复配SBS改性沥青的性能.结果表明:SBS改性沥青的改性剂在沥青是以球状分布于沥青中,OMMT复配SBS改性沥青中的改性剂呈微米球状和细条形状;OMMT改性沥青可以提高改性沥青的高温性能、针入度比和耐老化性能,但对低温性能没有改善.OMMT复配SBS改性沥青的高温性能较好,有较好的耐老化性能,同时储存稳定性能也有一定的改善.     

基于1H-NMR的老化对沥青分子结构的影响研究

对不同原油生产的4种沥青(A1、A2、A3、A4)分别进行薄膜烘箱老化(TFOT)、紫外光老化(UV)和压力老化(PAV),利用核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)研究了老化对不同沥青分子结构的影响.结果表明:TFOT老化后,沥青分子发生了缩合脱氢,芳香环上支链减少,发生了烷基链环化,芳环增多,脂肪直链裂解为短链;PAV老化后...     

Mg-Al LDHs改性沥青的制备与抗老化性能研究

将镁铝基层状双氢氧化物(Mg-Al LDHs)与基质沥青熔融共混,制备了Mg-Al LDHs改性沥青。采用薄膜烘箱试验(TFOT)和紫外光老化试验分别研究了不同掺量的Mg-Al LDHs对沥青短期热氧老化和紫外光老化性能的影响。结果表明,Mg-Al LDHs可有效抑制沥青在TFOT和紫外光老化过程中软化点和粘度的增加,显著提高沥青延度保留率,减小其质量变化,有效改善了沥青抗短期热氧老化和紫外光老化性能。     

有机化蒙脱土对沥青力延度性能的影响

选用了3种有机化蒙脱土(OMMT),采用熔融插层法制备了OMMT改性沥青,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了OMMT在沥青相中的分散结构,通过测力延度仪研究了不同类型的OMMT对沥青力延度性能的影响。结果表明,OMMT1和OMMT2与沥青形成的是插层型纳米复合结构,而OMMT3与沥青形成的是剥离型纳米复合结构。OMMT改性沥青的最大拉力(Fmax)、延度(Dmax)和拉伸功(W)比基质沥青都有不同程度的增大,表明OMMT能够改善沥青的抗变形能力、延伸性和粘韧性。相比于OMMT1和OMMT2,OMMT3对沥青力延度性能的改善更为显著。     

有机化蒙脱土对SBS改性沥青热氧老化性能的影响

将有机化蒙脱土(OMMT)与SBS改性沥青熔融共混,制备了OMMT/SBS改性沥青。利用X-射线衍射(XRD)分析了OMMT/SBS改性沥青的微观结构。通过长期热氧老化实验研究了OMMT对SBS改性沥青热氧老化行为的影响。XRD分析表明,OMMT/SBS改性沥青形成了剥离型纳米复合结构。热氧老化试验结果显示,OMMT可显著减少SBS改性沥青软化点和粘度的增加,提高其残留延度比和残留针入度比,明显改善了SBS改性沥青耐热氧老化性能。     

SBS改性沥青老化模拟方式研究

为选择合适的SBS改性沥青老化模拟方式,利用常规试验、SHRP试验研究延时旋转薄膜烘箱老化(RTFOT)、压力老化(PAV)对SBS改性沥青性能影响。对比两种老化方式的老化条件及老化能力,结合路面自然老化的回收沥青指标发现:随着老化时间的增加,沥青的性能不断退化;延时RTFOT与PAV老化均能较好的模拟路面沥青的老化情况,采用RTFOT试验进行老化模拟更加方便、科学,其中RTFOT试验4. 8 h获得的改性沥青指标相当于服务年龄为5～6年的路面沥青,RTFOT试验5 h则与服务年龄为7年的SBS改性沥青一致。     

Effects of thermal-oxidative aging on rheological properties of montmorillonite modified bitumen

Organic montmorillonite(OMMT) modified bitumen nanocomposites was prepared by melt blending.The effects of thin-film oven test(TFOT) and pressure ageing vessel(PAV) on rheological properties of pristine bitumen and OMMT modified bitumen were investigated by dynamic shear rheometer(DSR).The results show that complex modulus(G*) increases,phase angle(δ) decreases and rutting factor(G*/sin δ) is enhanced for the pristine bitumen after TFOT,whereas G*,δ and G*/sin δ of OMMT modified bitumen have a little change before and after TFOT.Besides,the pristine bitumen exhibits a large increase of G* and a great decrease of δ after PAV aging.However,the changes in G* and δ of OMMT modified bitumen are small before and after PAV.Compared with the pristine bitumen,OMMT modified bitumen presents a lower fatigue factor(G*sin δ) after PAV.As a consequence,resistance to thermal-oxidative aging of bitumen is remarkably improved due to the introduction of OMMT.     

再生剂对老化沥青性能影响的研究

通过室内沥青加速老化试验,实验室制备了经薄膜烘箱老化(TFOT)、压力老化(PAV)和紫外老化(UV)的沥青样品。随后,在老化沥青中加入了两种不同的再生剂进行老化沥青的养护再生并在室温条件下养护3d。对基质沥青、老化沥青、再生沥青进行了针入度、软化点、延度的测试。结果表明,两种再生剂都能使老化沥青性能得到一定的恢复,对老化沥青均有再生功能,但是再生剂1具有比再生剂2更好的再生效果。通过对老化沥青进行了不同剂量再生剂1的掺加试验,借助流变性能测试,根据试验结果确定了再生剂1的最佳掺量为6%。     

AH-90及PG70-28改性沥青老化性能研究

对AH-90基质沥青及PG70-28改性沥青分别进行了室内旋转薄膜烘箱老化、压力老化及室外光氧老化试验,采用针入度、针入度指数、延度、软化点等指标分析考察了室内热氧老化对沥青高温稳定性、低温开裂性及温度敏感性能的影响。结果表明:老化降低了沥青的低温抗裂性能,改善了沥青的抗高温变形性能和对温度的敏感性,改性沥青的抗老化性能明显优于基质沥青。采用粘温指数法、老化指数法分别考察了光氧老化及热氧老化沥青的感温性能和抗老化性能。结果表明,粘温指数法和针入度指数法具有较好的相关性,总辐射能为10.5 kJ/cm2的室外紫外光照射对沥青感温性能和路用性能的影响比PAV老化严重,在内蒙古强紫外线地区沥青路面设计时需充分考虑光老化带来的危害。     

Research on UV Aging Characteristics of Inorganic Powder Modified Asphalt Binders

Asphalt binders tend to age when exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UV) and high temperature. Asphalt modification is an effective method to improve the performances of asphalt materials,in which inorganic powders modified asphalts are useful and lowly cost. In this study Organic montmorillonite(OMMT),Magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)2) ,mineral filler are used as nano-powder modifiers while these three modified asphalts as well as matrix asphalt are used in the UV-based aging experiments. Aging performances are appraised by means of dynamic rheometer tests. In the simulation experiments,these two kinds of asphalt membrane,while different dosages of the modifier(0%,2%,4%),would be put into the UV aging box for 24 h.In additional different UV-aging times while the same dosage of the modifier are also researched. By exploring some new measures to evaluate UV-aging,the OMMT modified asphalt binder and Mg(OH)2,which has the layered structure,were found to have a certain ability to restraint ultraviolet radiation. The results show that longer aging time performed more serious UV-aging,more contents of modifier performed a better resistance to UV-aging while the OMMT exhibited a better resistance to aging than Mg(OH)2 modified asphalts.     

Rheological properties of conductive asphalt binders containing graphite and carbon fiber before and after ageing

Modified asphalt binders were prepared by adding conductive materials, graphite and carbon fiber. The rotation thin film oven test (RTFOT) and pressure age vessel test (PAV) were conducted to simulate the binder aging in the field. Rheological properties of graphite and carbon fiber modified asphalt binder were investigated by the empirically rheological properties (penetration and softening point) and the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test. Results show that physical properties of asphalt binder change with conductive material mixed. DSR tests present that the values of complex modulus increase while phase angles decrease under a proper amount of graphite and carbon fiber. Rutting parameters point out that graphite can improve the rutting resistance of asphalts. Rheological parameters can be used to assess aging.     

Evaluation of Layered Inorganic Nano-powder Modified Bitumen

Thermal oxidative and aging as an inevitable process in the practical application of road asphalt has great effect on the properties of asphalt. In this paper,the influences of short-term thermal oxidative ageing and ultraviolet radiation(UV) aging on the dynamic viscosity,penetration,softening point and rheological properties of two kinds of layered inorganic nano-powder including organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and nanometer brucite (Mg(OH)2) modified asphalts were studied respectively. The rheological properties of these binders have been determined using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) through temperatures sweep tests.The rheological and physical analysis showed the two major influences of ageing on the properties for two kinds of layered inorganic nano-powder modified bitumens. On one hand,ageing decreased the viscous behaviors of modified binders,on the other hand,ageing improved the elastic behaviors of modified binders. The performances of binders after aging depended on the combined effect between the modifier and the bitumen. Both the two modifiers resisted the aging of bitumens and the effect of OMMT was better.     

沥青复合模量与温度关联研究及数学模型的建立

为了充分理解复合模量的温度特性，采用两种原油生产的10个原样沥青以及其RTFOT后和PAV后沥青，研究其复合模量的双对数分别与不同温度表达方式之间的相关性，首次通过线性拟合关系斜率和截距的关联研究，明确最适合表征复合模量与温度之间的数学关系式，建立了适合不同老化阶段的数学模型。通过第三种原油生产的3个沥青实测数据与在单一温度下的预测数据的对比，证明数学模型具有简单、准确、实用且更好的普遍适用性。数学模型预测的数据满足复合模量实验方法再现性精密度的要求。     

石油沥青在连续热和空气老化中化学族组成的变化及动力学研究

本文在120～180℃范围内详细考察了欢三联和胜利直馏沥青在连续热和空气老化中化学族组成妁变化.结果表明,随热和空气老化时间的增长,沥青的饱和烃组分含量基本不变,芳香烃组分含量逐渐减少,而沥青质组分含量逐渐增加。在较低温度(120～140℃)下,胶质组分含量稍有增加,未形成甲苯不溶物组分。但在较高温度(180℃)下,胶质组分含量先增加后下降,甲苯不溶物迅速增加.随热和空气老化温度的升高,各组分含量的变化更为显著。欢三联沥青各组分的表现老化速度常数为(4.252～23.59)×10~(-3)h~(-1),表现老化活化能为29.96～36.34kJ/mol。胜利沥青各组分的表现老化速度常数为(6.083～24.24)×10~(-3)h~(-1),表现老化活化能为14.67～15.48kJ/mol.本文所提出的连串反应动力学模型很好地解释了石油沥青在连续的热和空气老化中化学族组成的变化规律,各组分含量的理论计算值与实测值相吻合,其差值一般小于3％.     

Effect of organo-montmorillonite on the morphology and aging properties of various bitumens

Effect of organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) on the morphology and aging properties of various bitumens was studied. The morphology of the binders was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The influence of OMMT on physical properties of the binders before and after long-term aging and ultraviolet (UV) aging was investigated. It was observed that the effect of OMMT on the morphology and aging properties of bitumens depended on the base bitumen. In one case, OMMT affected the dispersed phase in bitumen. In the other case, OMMT affected the bitumen matrix. In both cases, OMMT caused stiffening of the modified phase. Compared with modification of the dispersed phase, modification of the matrix phase showed an obvious improvement on the physical properties as well as the better UV aging properties of bitumens, which was opposite to the long-term aging result.