纳米ZnO/聚氨酯复合超疏水涂层共混法制备及其性能研究

采用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)对纳米ZnO粉末进行分散,然后加入全氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷改性纳米ZnO,再与水性聚氨酯共混一次喷涂在铝基板上喷涂成膜的方法制备出了具有优良的耐磨性、防腐蚀性的超疏水涂层。此工艺操作简单,制备的超疏水涂层与铝基板粘结紧密,涂层表面微纳结构较小,表面完整光滑。应用FTIR、XPS、SEM、超疏水性能测试设备等手段对涂层进行表征。结果表明,全氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷含量为纳米ZnO的10%wt,KH550为5%wt时,涂层接触角可达到165°,滚动角7. 5°,其超疏水性能最好,且具有的良好的稳定性和防腐蚀性能。     

防紫外线超疏水织物涂层构筑及性能

以羟基氟硅油、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)为原料,制备了含双键的聚氨酯,在整理液中添加紫外线吸收剂(UVA400)和纳米二氧化硅颗粒,以提高涂层的紫外线防护效果和表面粗糙度,通过紫外光引发双键自由基聚合构筑防紫外超疏水织物涂层,并对材料进行了FTIR、SEM、疏水性及紫外线防护性能测试。结果表明:羟基氟硅油和PETA引入到了聚氨酯分子链中;织物表面具有微纳米状凸起,形成了粗糙的表面涂层。当整理液固体组分中w(SiO2)=15%,w(UVA400)=1.5%时,涂层织物的接触角为154?,滚动角为9?,紫外线防护系数(UPF)为72,紫外线A(UV-A)波段的透过率为2.96%,具有超疏水和紫外线防护性能;涂层织物经120h加速老化实验后,接触角为155?,UPF为117,UV-A波段的透过率为2.68%,具有良好的耐久性。     

金红石型纳米TiO_2改性纳米复合氟碳涂层的制备与性能研究

采用氟硅烷偶联剂改性金红石R型纳米TiO_2,并用作常温固化氟碳树脂FEVE的填料,制备了疏水性金红石型纳米TiO_2改性纳米复合氟碳涂层。以红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等表征了其微观结构,以接触角测量仪测定了其疏水性、计算了其表面能,按国家及电力行业标准测定了其理化与电气性能。结果表明,制备的纳米复合氟碳涂层对水静态接触角为121°,具备良好的疏水性。理化及电气绝缘性能测试结果表明,其体积电阻率为2.5×10~(10)Ω·m,击穿场强为21.1 kV/mm,符合绝缘子国家标准,制备的涂层具有优良的防污闪性能。     

粉芯线材电弧喷涂研究和发展

国外开发的几种涂层虽具有耐磨性高、使用寿命长、性能稳定等优点,但由于喷涂材料价格昂贵、采用的设备成本高、工艺技术含量高等一系列因素,不适合我国国情,在国内得不到推广使用,粉芯线材电弧喷涂技术制备高温耐磨蚀涂层是目前材料研究热点之一,目前国内外研究机构对锅炉受热面管的涂层防护技术进行了大量实验研究和应用,并已取得了一定效果,这种方法操作简便、成本低、直接有效,可为社会创造十分可观的经济效益。     

抗粘附氟碳复合涂层在烟囱中的应用

为提高湿法脱硫后烟囱内壁防护涂层的防腐性能,以氟碳树脂(PEVE)和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粒子为原料,采用喷涂工艺及室温固化制备出具有抗粘附性能的防腐蚀氟碳复合涂层。利用硫酸腐蚀实验、抗粘附冷凝实验、耐温实验、耐磨性实验,分别评价涂层的耐酸性、抗粘性、耐温性、耐磨性,并通过扫描电子显微镜对腐蚀前后涂层的形貌变化进行分析。结果表明,当PTFE∶PEVE的质量比为1∶2时,制备的PTFE/PEVE复合涂层在竖直倾角小于5°且酸气温度小于60℃时,表面未出现酸性冷凝液附着,具有优异的抗粘附特性;且分别经室温20%H₂SO₄浸泡90 d和低温(50℃)10%H₂SO₄的浸泡7 d,涂层表现出较强的耐酸性能;涂层表面能承受200℃的高温而不发生脱落、鼓包、开裂等现象,具有良好的耐温性能。此外,受力氟碳复合涂层在砂纸上拖行200 cm后,表面疏水角度降为150.2°,依旧保持超疏水状态,具有良好的耐磨性。     

基于不同壁温的超疏水涂层制备及减阻性能研究

以操作简单的喷涂方式,将二氧化硅(SiO2)纳米粒子喷涂在聚氨酯(PU)表面形成了双层结构超疏水涂层.对所制备的涂层表面形貌特征、化学成分和润湿性能进行了表征分析,自主设计并搭建了减阻测试平台(旋转粘度计测试仪),借助此平台研究了不同壁温条件下超疏水涂层的减阻效果.研究表明,制备的超疏水涂层接触角为157.9°,滚动角...     

喷涂成型家具板材封边聚氨酯材料研制及性能研究

采用液化MDI和低聚物二醇为原料制备A组分,低聚物多元醇、扩链剂3,5-二乙基甲苯二胺(DETDA)及催化剂等混合配制B组分,将A、B组分通过专用喷涂设备混合,制备了喷涂成型家具板材封边聚氨酯材料.讨论了多元醇种类、扩链剂用量、催化剂种类和用量以及喷涂工艺参数对聚氨酯材料反应特性、材料性能及表观效果的影响.结果表明,B...     

聚氨酯喷涂工艺参数对涂层性能的影响

采用喷涂法制备聚氨酯涂层,讨论了喷涂聚氨酯过程中压力、走枪速度、喷涂距离和物料的初始温度等工艺参数对涂层性能的影响,得出了最佳喷涂工艺参数范围。当压力0.70~0.75 MPa、走枪速度40~60 cm/s、喷涂距离15~20 cm、物料的初始温度范围40~70℃时,涂层的性能较好。     

疏水侧链改性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的制备及其在光固化金属涂层中的应用

为提升光固化金属涂层的防腐性能，以来源于生物基的δ-癸内酯(DL)为原料，首先合成了一系列带疏水侧链的聚癸内酯二元醇，然后与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)制备了带有疏水侧链的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯，将其用于构筑光固化金属涂层。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行了表征，研究了聚癸内酯二元醇的化学结构、相对分子质量对所构筑的光固化涂层疏水性以及防腐性能的影响。结果表明：疏水侧链改性后，聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂层在水中浸泡400 h的吸水率从3%下降至1.4%；在盐水中浸泡400 h的阻抗模值从2.7×10⁷Ω·cm²提升至1.1×10⁹Ω·cm²；在盐雾环境中400 h仅出现轻微点蚀现象；可见疏水侧链改性的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯所构筑的涂层具有更高的耐水性和耐腐蚀性。     

水性氟碳涂层体系对混凝土建筑的防护性能研究

通过混凝土抗碳化性能、Cl-扩散性能、渗水压力、内置钢筋电化学极化曲线和涂层膜片Cl-及水汽渗透性等性能的实验研究,系统地研究了以水性氟碳涂层作为面涂层的涂装体系对钢筋混凝土建筑防护能力,并与在混凝土表面形成单一涂膜的聚脲涂层以及通过浸渗封堵混凝土组织中的孔隙以增加表层混凝土密实度为目的而实行防护的硅烷类浸渗材料同时进行了比较。此外,研究还采用了加速气候老化试验手段考核了上述防护材料在户外大气环境中的稳定性。研究认为,在所试验的5种防护材料及由其构成的防护体系中,水性氟碳涂层体系对混凝土建筑结构的防护能力与防护寿命是最为满意的。     

粘结剂对超音速火焰喷涂碳化钨涂层磨粒磨损性能的影响

采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)工艺在35钢基体上制备了WC-10Ni涂层和WC-12Co涂层,研究了镍、钴这两种粘结剂对WC涂层的显微硬度、摩擦系数和抗磨粒磨损性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜观察涂层磨损前后的表面形貌,探讨了WC涂层的磨粒磨损机理。结果表明,以HVOF方法制备的2种WC涂层均有较高的显微硬度,WC-10Ni涂层和WC-12Co涂层与SiC砂纸摩擦副之间的干摩擦系数相差不大。2种涂层在低载荷下均有较好的抗磨粒磨损性能,但在较高载荷下WC-12Co涂层的抗磨性明显优于WC-10Ni涂层。2种涂层的磨粒磨损形式主要为均匀磨耗磨损,磨损机理以微切削和微剥落为主。WC-12Co涂层的磨损表面损伤较轻微,综合性能优于WC-10Ni涂层。     

耐温耐磨双组分瓷膜涂料的研制

瓷膜涂料具有高硬度、耐磨、耐腐蚀等优异特性,以甲乙两组分按一定比例混合熟化8。24h后,喷涂至工件上,于180℃烘烤20-40min,制得瓷膜涂层。研究了甲、乙组分配比,以及纳米氧化铝和碳化硅用量对涂膜综合性能的影响。通过在烫发器上的应用,进一步表明瓷膜涂料具有优异的耐温和耐磨特性。     

聚脲弹性体材料耐磨性能的探讨

由不同二元醇与二异氰酸酯合成不同NCO含量的半预聚体(A组分)与端氨基聚醚、胺扩链剂等原料组成的R组分经喷涂设备喷涂成型聚脲弹性体。讨论了在不同摩擦工况下NCO含量、异氰酸酯指数、预聚物类型、耐磨助剂等对聚脲弹性体耐磨性能的影响。结果表明,不同NCO含量在不同摩擦工况下对聚脲耐磨性能的影响不同,干摩擦工况下NCO含量越高,耐磨性能越佳,湿摩擦工况下则是NCO质量分数为15%耐磨性最佳,异氰酸酯指数对聚脲耐磨性能的影响较小,使用聚四氢呋喃二元醇、TDI预聚物和耐磨助剂,可提高不同摩擦工况下聚脲的耐磨性能。     

酚醛改性环氧树脂耐磨防腐涂料的研制

利用酚醛改性环氧树脂为基料,同时添加固体自润滑材料、硬质抗磨材料、助剂等研制出一种耐磨防腐涂料。该涂料除具有良好的防腐蚀性,还具有优异的耐磨性、自润滑性及水润滑性,是抽油管杆等恶劣腐蚀条件下较理想的耐磨防腐涂料。     

Cracking induced tribological behavior changes for the HVOF WC-12Co cermet coatings

HVOF sprayed WC based cermet coatings have been widely used in industries as barriers against wear and hydrodynamic cavitation due to their high hardness and relatively high toughness. However, cracking of the coatings can occur during coating production or in service, which can reduce operational performances. It can be difficult to assess the performance impact due to cracks within the coating and as to whether the cracked coatings should be resprayed or removed from service. In this work, artificial cracks of different widths were introduced to liquid fuel HVOF sprayed WC-12Co coating through uniaxial tension of the coated steel substrate to assess the implications of such cracking. Tribological performances of the cracked coatings were examined using rubber wheel dry abrasion, ‘ball on disc’ sliding wear, and ultrasonic cavitation erosion. The results show that the crack deteriorates the abrasive wear resistance of the coating at the initial stage due to preferable mass loss at the cracks. However, after 30?min of abrasion, all the cracked coatings showed the same wear rate as compared to the non-cracked coating, with the abrasive wear resistance acting independent to the crack characteristics. Because the cracks could store wear debris and thus minimize the debris induced abrasion to the coating surface during sliding wear test, both improvement in wear resistance and reduction in coefficient of friction (COF) were detected in the cracked coatings. During the cavitation test, it was found that the mass loss of the specimen increased significantly (up to 75%)with crack width and density suggesting that the crack presence greatly deteriorated the cavitation resistance of the cermet coatings.     

Corrosion and wear resistant electrodeposited composite coatings

Composite electroplating is a method allowing to co-deposit fine particles of metallic or non metallic compounds into the plated layers in order to improve the surface properties. The aim of the present work was to compare the performance of pure nickel and Ni-SiC nano-structured composite coatings as far as corrosion, wear and abrasion resistance were concerned. The characteristics of the coatings were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, micro hardness test, Taber Abrader test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and wear corrosion measurements. Additionally accelerated salt spray tests were performed. The results obtained in this study indicate that the co-deposition of nickel and SiC nano-particles leads to uniform deposits possessing better abrasion, wear and corrosion properties.     

Structures and tribological performances of PEEK (poly-ether-ether-ketone)-based coatings designed for tribological application

Driven by economical and ecological reasons, thermoplastic-based coatings become a potential solution for anti-wear purpose. Two coating design concepts, flame spraying and printing PEEK (poly-ether-ether-ketone)-based coatings on Al substrate, were introduced in this paper. An amorphous PEEK coating was obtained by these two techniques. After being annealed, the coating presents a semi-crystalline structure. The friction and wear behaviors of PEEK-based coatings were investigated by means of ball-on-disc tests. The results show that PEEK coatings exhibit an excellent tribological performance with a relatively low coefficient of friction and wear rate. The semi-crystalline PEEK coating exhibits a lower friction coefficient and wear rate than the amorphous one. The additions of micron-sized particles such as SiC and graphite in PEEK coating can improve significantly the coating wear resistance.     

热喷涂陶瓷涂层的耐磨应用及涂层结构调控方法

因涂层材料适用范围广、基材适应性强、工艺灵活等特点,热喷涂陶瓷涂层作为一类新型耐磨涂层已经在很多领域获得成功应用。然而,现代工业发展对耐苛刻条件下严酷磨损的高性能耐磨涂层提出了越来越高的需求,如何通过材料?工艺的整体技术体系进行涂层结构的有效调控,成为涂层技术领域的重要研究课题之一。本文在简要介绍热喷涂陶瓷涂层作为耐磨涂层应用现状的基础上,提取出对涂层耐磨性具有普遍意义的层内扁平粒子间界面结合这一重要的涂层结构本质特征,明确了涂层内扁平粒子间界面强化的基本思路,阐述了基于界面同质强化和界面异质强化的两条思路进行层间结合界面强化的研究进展,以期为面向更高耐磨性能的热喷涂陶瓷涂层的材料选择、结构设计以及工艺优化提供有益参考。     

Microstructure and wear properties of plasma‐sprayed aluminum–silicon–polyester coatings

Powder coatings, which are made by plasma‐spraying processes, are being used in industrial applications because of their wear resistance, chemical resistance, and high impact strength even at low service temperatures. These factors increase the importance of plastic and plastic‐based coatings in industrial applications. In this study, an aluminum–silicon–polyester‐based composite coating was applied by plasma‐spraying processes with and without an intermediate bond coat (Ni–Al). The effects of the coating thickness, intermediate bond coat, and processes parameters on the microstructure and wear properties of the coating were studied experimentally. The wear properties of the coatings were determined according to ball‐on‐disk procedure. The microstructures of the coating were examined by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the plasma‐spraying current and thickness had a strong influence on the wear resistance and microstructural properties of the aluminum–silicon–polyester coating. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3609–3614, 2006