城市河堤的多目标弹性景观修复途径 ——以四川省富顺沱江为例

城市河堤工程在发挥防洪功能的同时,往往造成滨河生态环境破坏、自然服务功能和空间活力丧失等多种问题。基于弹性防洪理念,这些单一功能的城市河堤在防洪效能、生态服务、环境品质和公共活力等方面具有巨大的提升潜力,已经成为现代城市更新的重点区域。城市河堤的多目标弹性景观修复可以运用软化、退让和复合3种主要策略,以实现防洪与景观的平衡。以四川省富顺沱江项目为例,根据现状情况、问题和修复目标,将项目中已建和规划河堤工程划分为4种形式,综合应用景观修复策略,对不同类型河堤提出相应的改造途径。最后,总结景观修复项目实施中需要解决的关键问题,以期提出适合中国城市河堤工程的弹性景观修复途径。     

关于城市滨水绿地景观生态规划的几点思考

介绍了城市滨水绿地景观的概念和对城市建设的作用，分析了我国滨水绿地建设所面临的问题，揭示城市滨水绿地景观规划的新理念，并提出城市滨水绿地景观生态规划的一些建议。     

谈城市滨河景观特色塑造策略和方法

通过对湖北江陵县内荆河滨河景观的改造设计,探讨了城市内河在城市的快速发展过程中的景观规划策略,突出滨河景观建设的科学性、系统性、生态性,把握城市规划目标控制要求,在可持续发展的建设模式下,强调城市河道滨水景观特色塑造,发挥其名片效应,提升城市滨河景观与城市人的互动关系。     

荆门市竹皮河流域水环境综合治理之生态修复工程设计

竹皮河为季节性雨源型城市河流,存在污水直排、底泥淤积、季节性干涸等诸多水环境问题,导致其水质恶化严重,水生态系统受损,自净能力较弱。为恢复竹皮河生态系统多样性,提升水体自净能力,实现水质长效保持,在控源截污的基础上,采用人工湿地、原位微生物修复、生态砾石河床、水生植物恢复等多种生态治理技术集成,实施河道生态补水、生态净化、生态修复三大工程,重建生态系统多样性,实现水质自然净化。通过流域综合治理,竹皮河城区段下游水体水质逐步达到地表Ⅳ类水标准。工程设计为雨源型城市河流的生态治理提供了参考。     

A Social-Economic-Natural Compound Ecosystem Constructed for Urban Rivers— Planning and Design for the remediation and Ecological Restoration of the Guitang River Watershed in Changsha City,China

Guitang River, a once natural river breeding a harmonious human-water relationship, is now the longest inland river of Changsha City, Hunan Province, China, suffering from severer water problems such as water shortage, environmental polloution, and ecological degradation, which heavily impede the urban development. Commissioned by Changsha Guitang River Catchment Development and Construction Co., Ltd., the project team employed 4 mathematic models including a hydrodynamic model of water systems, a water quality model, a hydrodynamic model of drainage networks, and a hydrological model of watersheds to generate an optimal planning scheme for restoring the natural water circulation with the most appropriate planning scheme. Strategies were proposed including the blue and green ecological network combined with urban functional zoning, natural river restoration, riparian space improvement, watershedscale ecological corridor construction, and neighborhood-scale sponge city construction. The whole planning and design, from a coordinated planning at the watershed scale to the river scale, and to specific neighborhood projects, is to establish a social-economic-natural compound ecosystem to balance urban development with ecosystem improvement, while promoting the sustainability of the river.     

现代城市园林绿地生态系统工程与城市可持续发展（选登）

本文提出四种整治现代城市生态环境恶化的方法,全面系统地重点阐述了其中城市园林绿地生态系统工程的措施,指出了现代城市化城市的某些建筑规划,城市空间布局,居住区规划和建筑高度必须改革。全面系统论述了园林与绿地的含义、功能、境界、定额、网络结构、布局,并详尽阐明了该生态系统工程必须达到的生态、美学、社会和经济四大效应。本文还对学科的发展,“地球表层规划”,以及风景园林行业的人才培养,展开了讨论,提出了创见;并否定了用“景观设计学”的中文译名翻译英文原名“LandscapeArchitecture”。结论是现代城市如果不进行上述绿色生态系统工程的整治,则城市生态环境将不断恶化,城市就不可能持续发展。     

基于水系生态廊道建构的城镇生态化发展策略——以西安都市圈为例

泾渭水系构成西安都市圈自然地理的基本构架,与城镇发展建设存在密切关联;当代城镇的盲目发展和破坏性建设加剧了水系生态的退化,极大地制约着城镇可持续发展。本文旨在寻求城镇发展与河流生态保护相协调的规划策略与方法,提出建构泾渭水系生态廊道的理念,从不同尺度解析了廊道结构与建构方法;在此基础上,优化都市圈景观格局,形成城乡协调的都市圈城镇发展整体格局;结合河流地区生态规划引导各类城镇发展方向,依托河流生态廊道完善城镇规划布局,促进城河生态和谐。     

让自然做功的河道生态修复——以呼和浩特大黑河城区段景观概念规划为例

河道是生态敏感、脆弱而又具有显著景观价值的重要生态廊道。只有在规划设计实践中发现和顺应河流的自然形态和自然演变规律,在尊重和保护的基础上进行生态修复,才能真正走向人地和谐。本文以呼和浩特大黑河城区段为研究对象,分别在时间和空间维度上分析总结了大黑河河道形态演变的主要规律和自然诱因,并在此基础上提出了引导洪水对河道形态进行自我修复的生态修复方法。在整体生态系统修复策略上,提出了建立“四维一体”的生态系统修复模型。从林、堤、滩、水4个方面分别探讨了生态景观设计的过程,突出了河道生态功能和景观特色的结合。     

Research on Ecological Space Planning Oriented Urban River Landscape Planning

Based on the generalized landscape perspective, regional connotation of urban river landscape is expanded. The area connotation of urban river landscape is expanded based on the generalized landscape perspective. In addition to natural and functional attributes, river landscape should be regarded as a regional space element based on heterogeneous space scale. First, as for research method system, the space research models(including ecological footprint, space planning, and landscape pattern index, etc.) coupled with different angle scales and interdisciplinary theory, are utilized to study different correlations and results formed by urban river landscape elements and other regional space elements from the perspective of the regional ecological space, and the overall development goal of the urban river landscape pattern based on the goals of the regional ecological space planning is obtained. Second, the oriented urban river landscape planning and the "M" type close-tonature design strategy are evaluated through the city function zoning orientation and micro-scale urban river landscape pattern index. The research realizes the compatibility of overall goals in terms of the regional ecology, the development of urban functional areas, and the river landscape planning, without losing micro difference and maneuverability based on the urban river landscape planning and design oriented strategy, which innovates the new approach of urban river landscape planning and design with sustainable and balanced development of regional resources, multi-scale, and multiple objectives.     

“城市双修”视角下某城市滨水空间设计策略探索

通过对城市滨水空间设计的探索,从"城市双修"的视角对亳州陵西湖需要解决的"底子""里子""面子"等问题进行了分析,根据"城市双修"的理念,从"水""绿""城"三个方面,提出修复生态基底、塑造水岸森林、恢复历史文化、重塑场所记忆等措施。目前,亳州北部新城滨水空间改造已实施完成,陵西湖水质达到了地表水Ⅳ类标准,生态环境得到大幅提升,效果显著。