自交联含氟乳胶膜耐介质性能的研究

用种子乳液聚合法制备了具有核壳结构的含氟乳液，从FTIR、TEM的表征来看，得到了性能较好的、具有核壳结构的含氯乳液。通过测试含氟乳胶膜的耐介质性，并运用JC2000A静态接触角测量仪测定乳胶膜的接触角，研究了FBA（甲基丙烯酸含氟酯）用量、FBA加入方式、NMA（N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺）用量、乳化剂用量对含氟乳胶膜耐介质性的影响。结果表明，配方中FBA用量为20％（孽尔分数）、NMA用量为4％（质量分数）、乳化剂用量2．8％（质量分数），而且将FBA全部放在壳层聚合，可得到性能较住的含氟乳胶膜。     

乳液聚合法丙烯酸酯类聚合物的合成及抗静电性能考察

通过种子预乳化半连续乳液聚合技术,以苯乙烯（St）、丙烯酸丁酯（BA）和丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEA）为共聚单体,合成一类新型的两亲聚合物。考察了引发剂用量、乳化剂用量、反应温度等因素对乳液聚合工艺及聚合物的影响,优化了反应条件,同时对合成聚合物的结构、表面电阻率及亲水性进行了考察。结果表明：当乳化剂质量分数为0.75%、引发剂质量分数为0.5%、HEA质量分数为40%时,合成的乳液稳定性能最佳,转化率高达98.42%;聚合物的表面电阻率低达4.93×105Ω,且其亲水性好。     

具有核壳结构有机硅改性醋丙乳液的制备及其性能

采用半连续种子乳液聚合法,以聚合性乳化剂SVS制备核壳结构有机硅改性醋丙乳液,通过红外光谱和DSC表征乳胶粒化学组成和玻璃化温度。考察聚合性乳化剂SVS与有机硅单体用量对乳液聚合稳定性和制备乳液耐水性能的影响。DSC测试结果表明乳胶粒具有核壳结构;在SVS用量为2.5%（wt）,有机硅单体用量为3.0%（wt）时,乳液稳定性和乳胶膜的耐水性能较好。     

苯乙烯 -马来酸酐共聚物作乳化剂合成丙烯酸酯乳胶的研究

采用 4种不同的碱（氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氨水、三乙胺）皂化低相对分子质量的苯乙烯 -马来酸酐共聚物（ SMA）作为乳液聚合的乳化剂合成了丙烯酸酯乳胶,并对 4种不同碱皂化的 SMA作乳化剂合成丙烯酸酯乳胶时所需乳化剂的用量、乳胶的粒径、粒径分布、黏度、乳胶稳定性及乳胶膜的吸水率进行了研究。结果表明： 4种碱皂化 SMA作为乳化剂均可以合成丙烯酸酯乳胶,最佳用量为单体的 8%（质量分数,下同）。乳胶性能及乳胶膜的吸水率受皂化 SMA所用碱的类型的影响较大。其中, NaOH皂化 SMA作乳化剂合成的丙烯酸酯乳胶的综合性能最好,乳胶的粒径较小为 142. 4 nm,呈单分散,黏度为 14. 68 mPa·s,综合稳定性良好,乳胶膜吸水率较低,为 9. 52%。     

交联型PUA复合乳液的合成、表征与性能探究

采用半连续法以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、聚醚210、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）等为聚氨酯原料,甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和丙烯酸丁酯（BA）为丙烯酸酯类单体,甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯（HPMA）为偶联剂,过硫酸钾（K₂S₂O₈）为引发剂,三羟甲基丙烷（TMP）为交联剂,合成了具有明显核壳结构的丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯（PUA）乳液。通过傅里叶红外光谱和透射电镜对聚合物结构和乳胶粒形态进行表征,并通过接触角（CA）、力学性能测试,差示量热扫描（DSC）和热重分析（TG）等手段研究了乳胶膜的性能。结果显示,当TMP用量为0.8%时,乳胶粒呈核壳结构,乳液稳定性能好,乳胶膜的拉伸强度达到12.5MPa,对水的静态接触角为96°,耐水性和耐热性也有显著提高。     

核壳乳液的合成及对蔗渣纤维的疏水化改性

采用半连续种子乳液聚合法,以苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为单体,十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)为阳离子乳化剂,二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EGDMA)为交联剂,2,2-偶氮二(2-甲基丙基咪)二盐酸盐(AIBA)为阳离子引发剂,制备阳离子乳液。研究了乳化剂用量、引发剂用量、保温时间以及反应温度条件对乳液性能的影响。结果表明:在反应温度80℃、乳化剂用量为单体质量的6%、引发剂用量为单体质量的0.5%、保温时间为2 h时,单体转化率达到98.03%,核壳结构由透射电镜、纳米激光粒度仪表征,结果表明:乳胶粒子的平均粒径为57.21 nm,粒径分布窄(PDI=0.051),乳液的Zeta电位为47.62 m V。利用该乳液对蔗渣纤维进行表面疏水改性,并进行亲水性测试,结果表明,改性后蔗渣纤维接触角由0°提高至98°,疏水改性效果明显。     

硅丙乳胶的制备及增韧水性硅树脂涂层的应用研究

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、丙烯酸丁酯（BA）、甲基丙烯酸（MAA）和改性单体 γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷（MPTS）为主要原料制备了硅丙乳胶，并采用自制乳胶对水性硅树脂进行增韧改性。通过 FT-IR和 TEM对乳胶进行表征分析，并考察乳胶用量对增韧涂层机械性能的影响。结果表明：单体均已成功参与聚合，生成了核壳分明且壳中富硅的乳胶粒子；与纯丙乳胶相比，改性后的乳胶 T_g提升了 6. 7 ℃，水接触角增加了 9. 4°，乳胶膜粗糙度明显增加。相较于纯丙乳胶，硅丙乳胶对水性硅树脂具有更好的增韧效果，当 Si-6乳胶用量为 30%时，复合树脂涂层的综合机械性能和耐候性最佳。     

新型含硅丙烯酸酯拒水剂的合成及应用

以乙烯基硅油、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三(三甲基硅氧基)硅烷(TRIS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸为主要原料,2,2'-偶氮二异丁基脒二盐酸盐为引发剂,阳离子型乳化剂十八烷基聚氧乙烯基醚氯化铵和非离子型乳化剂异构十三醇聚氧乙烯基醚为复配乳化剂,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为交联剂,采用饥饿态半连续种子乳胶料聚合法,制备出具有核壳结构的阳离子型含硅丙烯酸酯乳液型拒水剂。探讨了复配乳化剂种类和配比对单体预乳化效果的影响;采用正交实验法考察了有机硅用量、乙烯基硅油与TRIS质量比、交联剂用量、乳化剂用量和引发剂用量等因素对乳液凝胶率、转化率和织物淋水评分的影响;采用红外光谱、粒径测试、接触角、淋水试验、透射电镜、热分析对聚合物结构、拒水能力、乳液粒径、形貌以及耐热性能等进行表征。结果表明:最佳反应条件为:w(Si)(乙烯基硅油和TRIS的总质量)=25.0%、m(乙烯基硅油)/m(TRIS)=25/75、w(GMA)=5.0%、w(乳化剂)=2.7%、w(AIBA)=1.4%,所合成的乳液具有明显的核壳结构;乳胶膜对水的接触角为114°,对油接触角为64°,表面能为15.4 m N/m,淋水评分达到90分,拒水性能优良。     

纳米氧化锌为固体稳定剂的Pickering反相细乳液聚合

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成和化学改性纳米氧化锌(ZnO),并以此为固体乳化剂稳定丙烯酰胺(AM) Pickering反相细乳液。研究了改性纳米ZnO接触角影响因素,固体乳化剂用量对Pickering单体液滴和AM聚合合成的乳胶粒子粒径的影响;并观测了单体液滴和乳胶粒子的形貌。结果表明:甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPS)用量为0.20g×g~(-1)(MPS/ZnO)时,改性ZnO接触角达到最大值102.8°,粒径为3.7 nm;以ZnO为乳化剂稳定的聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)乳胶粒子形貌完整,且ZnO颗粒聚集在PAM粒子表面;聚合速率符合细乳液聚合特征。至此,通过Pickering反相细乳液聚合法成功制备了以ZnO为固体乳化剂的稳定的PAM乳胶粒子。     

高通透性羟基丙烯酸乳胶的合成及其在双组分亚光清漆中的应用

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯（TBMA）为硬单体,丙烯酸正丁酯（BA）为软单体,丙烯酸（AA）为亲水单体,丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEA）为羟基单体,通过预乳化种子乳液聚合法合成了一种核/壳结构的羟基丙烯酸乳胶,研究了单体种类、核/壳结构、乳化剂种类对乳胶涂膜通透性等性能的影响。结果表明,当硬单体使用MMA和TBMA且质量比为1∶1,乳胶粒设计为核/壳结构,使用反应型乳化剂时,所合成的乳胶综合性能最好,用其配制的双组分亚光清漆,消光效率高、涂膜通透性好,涂膜更疏水,耐水性和耐化性优异。     

阳离子型PAE/St/BA共聚物乳液的结构与性能

以过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,吐温80(Tween-80)和OP-10为乳化剂,自制的不饱和聚酰胺多胺环氧氯丙烷树脂(PAE)、苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为原料,采用乳液聚合的方法制备PAE/St/BA共聚物乳液。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析(TGA)、Zeta电位及粒径分析、静态接触角和扫描电镜(SEM)对乳液的结构和性能进行了表征,并研究了不饱和PAE树脂用量对乳液施胶性能的影响。结果表明,当聚合反应中不饱和PAE树脂用量为3%(以乳液质量计),乳液用量为0.6%(以施胶液质量计)时,PAE/St/BA共聚物乳液施胶效果较好。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维粘合涂层用水乳型聚丙烯酸酯微乳液的合成

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸(AA)及丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)为单体,以十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS)、OP-10和正辛醇的复合物为乳化剂,当m(BA)∶m(MMA)∶m(AA)∶m(HEA)=50∶50∶3∶10、w(乳化剂)=13%、反应温度为80℃及反应时间为3h时,合成了可用于超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维粘合涂层的水乳型聚丙烯酸酯微乳液,单体转化率为99 8%,乳胶粒径为30nm,乳液膜的玻璃化温度为-28℃,应用工艺简单,涂层粘附性好、柔软、耐磨。     

有机无机杂化物作乳化剂的苯丙乳液制备及其性能表征

A poly (St-co-BA) latex was successfully synthesized by using an organic-inorganic hybrid compound (OIHC), an aliphatic carboxylate sodium/nano-silica composite, as the emulsifier, and investigated by particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), optical contact angle measurement (OCA) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). It was found that the protective agent, sodium polyacrylate (PA),could obviously improve the polymerization stability and the functional monomer, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), could enhance the store stability of the latex. The particle size of poly(St-co-BA) latex decreased and then leveled off as OIHC content increased. TEM shows that the prepared polymers were a~:tually organic-inorganic nanocomposites, and these films have better waterproof property than those prepared by traditional poly(St-co-BA) latex or organic silicone modified poly(St-co-BA) latex. The nanocomposite polymer has much higher glass transition temperature than organic silicone modified poly(St-co-BA) polymer containing the same organic silicone content.     

Synthesis and performance characteristics of a water‐based polyacrylate microemulsion for UHMWPE fiber adhesive coating

The water‐based polyacrylate microemulsion for ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers adhesive coating was synthesized by the emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), acrylic acid (AA), and hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) in the presence of a composite of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), OP‐10, and n‐octyl alcohol (NOA) as the emulsifier. The effects of the mass fraction of emulsifier and the reaction time on the properties of emulsion and its membrane were investigated. When m(BA) : m(MMA) : m(AA) : m(HEA) was 50 : 50 : 3 : 10 (wt ratio) and the mass fraction of emulsifier was 13 wt % and the reaction time was 3 h at 80°C, the latex particle diameter was 30 nm tested by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were used to characterize the chemical structure and the glass transition temperature (T_g) of microemulsion membrane. The application results showed that this microemulsion was an ideal adhesive coating for UHMWPE fibers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006     

Synthesis of acrylate-based UV/thermal dual-cure coatings for antifogging

A dual-cure hydrophilic acrylate polymer was synthesized via radical polymerization with acrylic acid (AA), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl-2-methyl-2-methacrylate (MPS) as monomers, then used as prepolymer for antifog coating with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as a novel crosslinker. The prepolymer was mixed with crosslinking agent and photoinitiator to form coating formulas. The coating was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The results indicated that the dosage of AMPS and TEOS had great influence on the antifog performance. With an increasing TEOS amount, the hardness, adhesion, water resistance, impact resistance, and thermal stability of the films were improved, at the expense of transparency; with increasing dosage of AMPS, the hydrophilicity of the film increased at the expense of water resistance. Optimum coating properties could be obtained when the amount of AMPS was 7% and that of TEOS was 5.5%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showed that some SiO₂ microspheres were formed and microphase separation occurred between the macromolecular segments, yielding the excellent coating properties.     

Preparation of core–shell latex for the pigmented ink of textile inkjet printing

A core–shell latex comprising poly(butyl acrylate) as core and poly(styrene‐methyl methacrylate) as shell was synthesized by emulsion polymerization using allyloxy nonylphenoxy propanol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfonate (ANPS) as emulsifier. Transmission electron microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, and thermogravimetric analyses suggested the prepared latex had a core–shell structure. The particle size of the core–shell latex was about 102.8 nm with a molar ratio of butylacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and styrene at 6 : 2 : 2, a mass ratio of ANPS and monomers, ammonium persulfate and monomers at 15% and 1.0%, respectively. The core–shell latex showed high centrifugal stability and excellent freeze‐thaw stability. The clogging nozzle rate of the pigmented ink containing 20 wt % core–shell latex was small, whereas the printed fabrics with this pigmented ink exhibited high rub and washing fastness. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

丙烯酸酯微乳液动力学研究

采用一次投料法,以烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚硫酸铵(DNS-86)和辛基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚(OP-10)为乳化剂制备了固含量为10%的纯丙微乳液,对其聚合反应动力学进行了研究。结果表明:温度对纯丙微乳液聚合反应的最终转化率没有影响;整个反应过程不存在恒速期;但随温度的升高乳胶粒粒径减小,反应速率增快,乳液的聚合稳定性下降;纯丙微乳液聚合成核方式主要以胶束成核为主。     

含氟苯丙无皂乳液的合成及其在涂料中的应用

以过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,将丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、苯乙烯(ST)、丙烯酸(AA)与甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFMA)通过无皂乳液聚合法制备了含氟苯丙无皂乳液(BSAD)。通过IR、TEM、粒度仪及Zeta电位分析仪表征了乳液主组分结构、乳胶粒形貌、粒径分布及Zeta电位,并考察了丙烯酸钠、引发剂APS、DFMA的用量及反应温度对乳液性能的影响。并将该乳液与纳米TiO2等复配制备了氟碳涂料。结果表明,当丙烯酸钠质量分数为12%,APS质量分数为1%,反应温度为78℃时,乳液性能最佳,此时凝胶率为0.8%,耐水性大于168 h,单体转化率为97.1%;当DFMA质量分数为25%时,涂膜疏水性最佳,水接触角达到113°,吸水率为6.4%;制得的氟碳涂料的附着力、硬度、耐水性等都获得了令人满意的效果。     

水性羟基丙烯酸树脂的制备与研究

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)等为主要单体,引入丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酸羟基乙酯(HEA)与甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯(IBOMA)等作为功能单体,通过半连续溶液聚合工艺,最后加水分散制得水性羟基丙烯酸树脂。利用FT-IR、透光度、粘度分析研究了单体配比、引发剂(BPO)用量、温度、链转移剂(DDM)用量、功能单体用量等因素对树脂性能的影响。结果表明,当AA、HEA、IBOMA、BPO和DDM的质量分数分别为3%、12%、10%、3%和2%,聚合反应温度100℃时可获得粘度为5 Pa.s,固含量约45%的水性羟基丙烯酸树脂。