温和条件下模型体系中烧烤风味及杂环胺形成测定

以美拉德模型体系葡萄糖-肌酸酐-氨基酸（丙氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨酸）为研究对象,探索3 个体系在130 ℃条件下反应3 h后风味物质及杂环胺的形成。采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用方法检测表明,3 种模型均产生烧烤风味物质,主要为烷基吡嗪类。高效液相色谱分析表明,丙氨酸模型（Ⅰ）和甘氨酸模型（Ⅲ）均检测到2-氨基-3,4-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉、2-氨基-3,4,8-三甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉和2-氨基-3,7,8-三甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉3 种杂环胺,苏氨酸模型（Ⅱ）检测到了2-氨基-3,4-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉和2-氨基-3,4,8-三甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉2 种杂环胺;3 种模型体系均未检测到2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉和2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉。130 ℃温和条件下,1.5 h内各模型体系中杂环胺的生成量很少,1.5 h后杂环胺总量随着加热时间的延长逐渐增多,3 h时模型Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ中杂环胺总量分别为（375.50±15.80）、（414.00±18.40）、（363.50±12.20） ng/mL。本研究为肉制品加工尤其是烤肉制品加工如何控制加工条件,从而实现美拉德反应定向控制、减少杂环胺的产生提供一定参考。     

杂环胺人工抗原的合成以及多克隆抗体的制备

为建立适用于一类杂环胺的酶联免疫吸附检测方法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA),利用改良的碳化二亚胺法将在2-氨基-3,4,8-三甲基咪唑[4,5-f]-喹喔啉(2-amino-3,4,8-trimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline,4,8-DiMeIQx)的2-氨基处连接丁二酸单甲酯酰氯制备的半抗原偶联蛋白获得人工抗原。该方法利用适当pH值的缓冲体系,将酯的水解和蛋白偶合一步完成,与传统方法相比,有效地节省了反应时间和成本,且对人工抗原的紫外扫描验证和多克隆抗体效价检测结果都直接和间接地表明偶合是成功的。最终免疫获得4,8-DiMeIQx结构类似物的多克隆抗体,该抗体的最高效价为1∶450 000,且经直接竞争ELISA检测,该抗体对目标物4,8-DiMeIQx的灵敏度(IC50)为24.0μg/L,最低检测限(IC15)为1.8μg/L,对其结构类似物7,8-DiMeIQx、8-Me IQx、2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑[4,5-f]-喹喔啉(IQx)、2-氨基-3,4,7,8-四甲基咪唑[4,5-f]-喹喔啉(Tri Me IQx)的灵敏度分别为35.0、30.0、28.0、40.0μg/L,而其他与目标物结构相差较大的杂环胺,像2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑[4,5-b]吡啶(Ph IP)、2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹啉(IQ)和2-氨基-3,4-二氨基咪唑[4,5-f]喹啉(2-amino-3,4-dimethyl-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline,Me IQ),它们几乎不与抗体结合(CR0.01%)。由此可见,可以利用该抗体建立高效快速的杂环胺ELISA检测方法用以定量或定性检测肉类加工食品中的一类杂环胺。     

葡萄籽提取物对烤羊肉中杂环胺形成的影响

将0.05%VE,0.1%与0.5%葡萄籽提取物,0.1%与0.5%槲皮素分别添加于羊肉表面,在200℃下煎烤10 min,利用固相萃取-配备二极管阵列检测器和荧光检测器的高效液相色谱分析烤羊肉中15种杂环胺的形成量,以探讨天然提取物对烤羊肉中杂环胺形成量的影响。结果表明:烤羊肉中共检测出10种杂环胺,其中极性杂环胺4种,非极性杂环胺6种,总量达51.68 ng/g。在极性杂环胺中2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基-咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶(PhIP)的形成量较高,达10.50 ng/g;非极性杂环胺中9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚(Norharman)与1-甲基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚(Harman)的形成量较高,分别达19.66 ng/g与12.23 ng/g。烤羊肉中添加天然抗氧化剂只对极性杂环胺有抑制作用,其中添加0.5%葡萄籽提取物可以显著抑制2-氨基-3甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉(IQ),2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx),2-氨基-3,4,8-三甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(4,8-DiMeIQx)与PhIP 4种极性杂环胺的形成(P<0.05),其生成量分别减少36.65%,67.73%,35.63%与30%。天然抗氧化剂对烤羊肉中非极性杂环胺的抑制作用不明显。     

花椒叶提取物对烤牛肉饼杂环胺形成的影响

以牛肉和花椒叶为研究对象,研究花椒叶提取物（Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. leaf extract,ZME）添加量（0.015%、0.030%、0.045%）对烤牛肉饼中杂环胺（heterocyclic amines,HAs）形成的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,ZME能够显著抑制烤牛肉饼中总HAs的形成（P＜0.05）,对其最大抑制率为39.87%,但对不同种类HAs形成的影响不同。其中,添加0.045% ZME对2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶、2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉、2-氨基-3,4-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉、1-甲基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚和2-氨基-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚的抑制率分别达到71.76%、78.02%、49.07%、35.82%和100%;而0.045% ZME却促进2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉和9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚的形成。进一步分析ZME对烤牛肉饼中HAs前体物的影响,结果显示前体物的消耗随着ZME添加量的增加呈降低趋势,相关性分析表明HAs的形成与多种游离氨基酸的消耗显著相关。上述结果表明ZME能显著抑制烤牛肉饼中HAs的形成,为其提高加工食品安全性及更广泛的应用提供理论依据。     

植物多酚抑制热加工肉制品中杂环胺形成机制研究进展

杂环胺（heterocyclic amines,HAs）是肉制品热加工过程中产生的一类具有极强致畸致癌活性的有毒化合物,其中2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉（2-amino-3-methyl-imidazo[4,5-f]-quinoline,IQ）和2-氨基-3,4-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉（2-amino-3,4-dimethyl-imidazo[4,5-f]-quinoline,MeIQ）,2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶（2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine,PhIP）,1-甲基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚（1-methyl-9Hpyrido[3,4-b]indole,Harman）和9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚（9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole,Norharman）3类HAs在热加工肉制品中较为常见且分布广泛。本文即围绕上述3类HAs,简要分析其形成的途径及机制,并详细阐述外源添加植物多酚抑制HAs形成的作用机制,最后依据现有研究归纳总结出多酚化合物抑制HAs与其化...     

抗氧化剂对油炸肉制品品质及杂环胺形成的影响

系统全面分析GB 2760—2014《食品添加剂使用标准》允许添加至油炸肉制品使用的8 种抗氧化剂对3 种炸肉饼食用品质及杂环胺（heterocyclic amines,HAs）形成的影响。结果发现,不同抗氧化剂对不同种类肉制品的品质影响不同。竹叶提取物（extract of bamboo leaves,BL）、植酸钠（phytic acid,PA）、鼠尾草酸（carnosic acid,CA）、迷迭香酸（rosmarinci acid,RA）及茶多酚（tea polyphenols,TP）具有良好的保持3 种肉饼油炸过程中水分含量的能力,其能够降低油炸损失率,改善嫩度和质构特性等。不同抗氧化剂对炸肉饼中不同种类HAs形成的抑制活性有一定差异。炸鸡肉饼中,山梨酸钾（potassium sorbate,PS）对2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶（2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine,PhIP）的抑制率相对最高（48%）,CA表现出对2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉（2-amino-3,8-dimethyl-imidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline,8-MeIQx）相对最高的抑制率（56%）,PA、CA和PS显著降低炸鸡肉饼中总HAs含量（P＜0.05）;对于炸牛肉饼,CA对PhIP的抑制效果相对最佳,并且其与BL对8-MeIQx的抑制效果显著优于其他6?种抗氧化剂（P＜0.05）,CA、BL和PS显著抑制炸牛肉饼中总HAs的形成（P＜0.05）;炸猪肉饼中,BL对PhIP表现出相对最强的抑制活性（抑制率为64%）,8?种抗氧化剂均能显著抑制8-MeIQx和2-氨基-3,4,8-三甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉的形成（P＜0.05）,并且BL对总HAs表现出相对最佳的抑制效果,抑制率为49%。总体而言,BL、CA、PA、TP、RA及PS对油炸肉制品中HAs的形成表现出相对更优的抑制活性。     

矢车菊-3-O-葡萄糖苷及其代谢物原儿茶酸对杂环胺诱导细胞损伤的修复机制

目的：研究矢车菊-3-O-葡萄糖苷（cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,C3G）及其主要代谢物原儿茶酸（protocatechuic acid,PCA）对杂环胺诱导细胞损伤的修复机制。方法：分别采用2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉（2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline,IQ）和2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基-咪唑[4,5-b]吡啶（2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine,PhIP）诱导HepG2细胞损伤,利用细胞毒性实验（cell counting kit-8,CCK-8）、Hoechst33258染色法、流式细胞术和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（quantitative polymerase chain reaction,qPCR）技术,评价C3G和PCA对杂环胺诱导损伤细胞的存活情况、细胞周期以及凋亡和DNA损伤关键基因表达的影响。结果：C3G和PCA能够显著提高杂环胺损伤细胞的存活率（P<0.05）,并使细胞发生S期阻滞。与IQ单独损伤组相比,C3G和PCA均可...     

HPLC法检测肉制品中2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉

为了筛查市售高温肉制品中杂环胺的含量,建立了肉制品中2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉(2-amoin-3-methy benzimidazole and [4,5-f] quinoline,IQ)的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测方法。IQ在(0.0004~0.25)mg/mL范围内,标准曲线线性良好,回归方程为y=95723x—573.24,相关系数(R~2)为0.9962,该方法的检出限为0.00015mg/mL。用此方法对市售28种肉制品进行了检测,其中5种检出IQ,最高含量为48.017μg/kg。     

前体物含量对杂环胺形成的影响

将牛、猪、羊、鸡、鸭和鹅肉分别在200℃下煎烤10 min,分析其原料肉中前体物的含量与加工肉制品中杂环胺的形成量,以探讨不同动物原料肉中杂环胺的形成量及原料肉中前体物的含量对杂环胺形成的影响。结果表明,6种原料肉中前体物含量差异较大,肌酸与葡萄糖的摩尔浓度比在0.89～9.84之间。加工肉制品中共检测出10种杂环胺,其中9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚(Norharman)与1-甲基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚(Harman)在加工肉品中含量最高,分别在10.90～24.16 ng/g与4.64～14.04 ng/g之间。而2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx)在牛肉中形成量较高,达3.55 ng/g,2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基-咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶(PhIP)在禽肉中易于产生,其中鸡肉中含量最高,达15.26 ng/g。PhIP与肌酸和葡萄糖的摩尔浓度比存在相关性(P<0.05),随着葡萄糖浓度的增高,PhIP的形成量减少。     

高效液相色谱法测定烧烤制品中5种杂环胺的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法检测烧烤制品中5种杂环胺(heterocyclic aromatic amines, HAAs)含量的方法。方法 样品经乙酸乙酯、三乙胺、氨水提取, 丙基磺酸(propanesulfonic acid, PRS)和C18固相萃取小柱净化, 采用TSK-gel ODS-80TM色谱柱分析, 以乙腈和0.05 mol/L醋酸-醋酸铵缓冲液(pH=3.4)为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 紫外-荧光检测器的串联方式检测杂环胺含量。结果 2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基-咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶(2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine, PhIP)、9H-吡啶并[4,3-b]吲哚(9H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole, Norharman)、1-甲基-9H-吡啶并[4,3-b]吲哚(1-methyl-9H-pyrido[4,3-b]indol, Harman)、2-氨基-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚(2-amine-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indol, AaC)在0.1~500 μg/L范围呈良好的线性关系, 2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉(2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline, IQ)在0.1~1000 μg/L范围呈良好的线性关系, 相关系数r2均大于99.3%, 加标回收率为74.06%~93.77% (n=6), 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)为3.41%~5.93% (n=6)。结论 该方法简便快速、结果准确、灵敏度高, 适合于肉制品中的杂环胺含量的检测。通过检测结果可知不同原料中5种杂环胺含量不同, 相同原料烧烤条件不同, 产生的杂环胺含量也不相同。     

Effect of cooking methods on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines in chicken and duck breast

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs), potent mutagens/carcinogens, are pyrolysis formed during the cooking of meat and fish. In the present study, the effects of various cooking methods, pan-frying, deep-frying, charcoal grilling and roasting on the formation of HAAs in chicken breast and duck breast were studied. The various HAAs formed during cooking were isolated by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that chicken breast cooked by charcoal grilling contained the highest content of total HAAs, as high as 112 ng/g, followed by pan-fried duck breast (53.3 ng/g), charcoal grilled duck breast (32 ng/g), pan-fried chicken breast (27.4 ng/g), deep-fried chicken breast (21.3 ng/g), deep-fried duck breast (14 ng/g), roasted duck breast (7 ng/g) and roasted chicken breast (4 ng/g). For individual HAA, the most abundant HAA was 9H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole (Norharman), which was detected in charcoal grilled chicken breast at content as high as 32.2 ng/g, followed by 1-methyl-9H-pyrido[4,3-b] indole (Harman) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-f]pyridine(PhIP) at 32 and 31.1 ng/g in charcoal grilled chicken breast, respectively. The content of PhIP in pan-fried duck and chicken breast were 22 and 18.3 ng/g, respectively. Generally, the type and content of HAAs in cooked poultry meat varies with cooking method and cooking conditions.     

桑椹花色苷对晚期糖基化末端产物抑制作用及其机制分析

晚期糖基化末端产物(Advanced Glycation End Products,AGEs)是蛋白质游离氨基与还原糖羰基反应形成的一类复杂物质的总称,是诱发糖尿病等多种慢性病的重要因素之一,而多酚类化合物能够抑制AGEs的形成。为了探讨桑椹花色苷对AGEs的抑制机制,建立牛血清蛋白(BSA)/葡萄糖(Glucose)生成AGEs模拟反应体系,以0.5%酸性乙醇提取、AB-8型大孔树脂纯化的桑椹花色苷为抑制剂,测定反应体系中蛋白质羰基、巯基含量变化、羟基自由基(·OH)对AGEs形成的影响,利用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳技术分析BSA的分子量变化。研究结果表明,随着桑椹花色苷浓度的增加,反应体系中的AGEs含量显著降低(P0.05)。桑椹花色苷可显著抑制·OH诱导的AGEs的形成(P0.05)。桑椹花色苷通过保护巯基和抑制蛋白质形成羰基而抑制AGEs生成;SDS-PAGE图谱显示,桑椹花色苷可阻断糖基化反应导致的蛋白质交联物的形成。     

Inhibitory effects of pomegranate seed extract on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines in beef and chicken meatballs after cooking by four different methods

Beef and chicken meatballs with a 0.5% (w/w) pomegranate seed extract were cooked using four different cooking methods (oven roasting, pan cooking, charcoal-barbecue, and deep-fat frying) and six heterocyclic aromatic amines; IQ, MeIQx, 4,8-DiMeIQx, PhIP, norharman, and harman were observed. In the beef meatballs, the highest inhibitory effects of pomegranate seed extract on heterocyclic aromatic amines formation were 68% for PhIP, 24% for norharman, 18% for harman, 45% for IQ, and 57% for MeIQx. Total heterocyclic aromatic amine formation was reduced by 39% and 46% in beef meatballs cooked by charcoal-barbecue and deep-fat frying, respectively. In the chicken meatballs, the highest inhibitory effects were 75% for PhIP, 57% for norharman, 28% for harman, 46% for IQ, and 49% for MeIQx. When the pomegranate seed extract was added to the chicken meatballs cooked by deep-fat frying, the total heterocyclic aromatic amine formation was inhibited by 49%, in contrast the total heterocyclic aromatic amine contents after oven roasting increased by 70%.     

不同抗氧化剂体外抗氧化活性及其对肉品氧化稳定性的影响

为明确GB 2760-2014《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》中允许添加至热加工肉制品使用的不同抗氧化剂的体外抗氧化活性与其抑制肉制品蛋白质氧化和脂肪氧化能力之间的关系,分别测定8种抗氧化剂的体外抗氧化活性(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由...     

Effects of smoking and marination on the sensory characteristics of cold-cut chicken breast filets: A pilot study

This study aimed to determine individual and combined effects of smoking and marination on the sensory characteristics of boneless, skinless chicken breast meat. Four types of cooked, cold-cut chicken breast meat, i.e., marinated cooked, marinated smoked, and controls of non-marinated cooked and non-marinated smoked chicken, were evaluated for 28 sensory characteristics. Marination significantly increased saltiness, sweetness, roasted flavor, smoked flavor, and moistness of the cold-cut chicken breast meat. In addition, smoking significantly enhanced the saltiness, bitterness, roasted flavor, smoked flavor, and moistness of mass. Interestingly, a combination of smoking and marination processes resulted in a synergistic increase in the perceived moistness of mass compared to their individual treatments. In conclusion, this study demonstrates individual and combined influences of smoking and marination on the sensory characteristics of cold-cut chicken breast meat.     

富含鹅肌肽的鸡胸肉酶解物对小鼠降尿酸作用初探

探讨富含鹅肌肽的鸡胸肉酶解物对患有高尿酸血症小鼠的降尿酸作用。以不同来源的酶解物的不同剂量灌胃,观察氧嗪酸钾盐诱导的急性高尿酸血症小鼠脏器指数、血清中尿酸（Uric acid,UA）、肌酐（Creatinine,CRE）、尿素氮（Urea nitrogen,UN）浓度,检测肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶（Xanthine oxidase,XOD）、腺苷脱氨酶（Adenosine deaminase,ADA）、谷草转氨酶（Aspartate transaminase,AST）、谷丙转氨酶（Alanine transaminase,ALT）的活性及甘油三酯（Triglyceride,TG）浓度。结果表明,富含鹅肌肽的鸡胸肉酶解物能有效缓解肝脏和肾脏指数,样品1和样品2的中剂量效果最为明显,且能有效降低血清的UA、UN和CRE水平,效果优于别嘌呤醇。样品1和样品2均能抑制小鼠肝脏ADA活力,效果与别嘌呤醇相差并不显著,但只有样品1的低剂量能显著降低XOD活力。样品1的鸡胸肉酶解物可以极显著降低ALT活性,且低剂量降低酶活性的效果强于别嘌呤醇,高剂量可极显著降低AST活性。酶解物对肝脏TG浓度的影响与对XOD的影响趋势具有一致性,证实了TG浓度与XOD活力具有相关性。富含鹅肌肽的鸡胸肉酶解物能有效降低尿酸水平,缓解小鼠的急性高尿酸血症。     

Amadori-Verbindungen als Aromavorstufen in Kakao

Amadori-compounds as cocoa aroma precursors Several Amadori-compounds (fructose-amino acids), important intermediates of Maillard reaction, have been found in unroasted cocoa beans some years ago. Now, in cocoa additional fructose-phenylalanine (fru-phe) could be detected by means of a modified extraction procedure. For studying the contribution of Amadori-compounds fru-phe and fru-leu (fructose-leucine) were roasted at 145°C. The roasted flavours contained a lot of key compounds of cocoa flavour. If cocoa was moist-thermally treated and dried the level of Amadori-compounds could be raised and the roasted aroma intensified. Amadori-compounds obviously contribute to flavour formation in cocoa. This effect may by used technologically to increase flavour yield.     

草鱼油爆前后风味物质的变化分析

对新鲜草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）进行浸渍油爆处理,采用氨基酸自动分析法、高效液相色谱法以及顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分别测定新鲜、浸渍及油爆后草鱼肉中水溶性呈味物质、还原糖以及挥发性风味物质的变化。结果表明,浸渍油爆对草鱼肉有提鲜作用,鱼肉浸渍样和鱼肉熟样中谷氨酸的滋味活性值均大于1。油爆后草鱼中肌苷酸含量与新鲜草鱼相比无显著性差异,保留了鱼肉原本的鲜美。鱼肉熟样中还原糖含量较新鲜生样显著下降。油爆草鱼肉中共检测出72?种挥发性化合物,主要以醛类、烷烃类为主。通过计算相对气味活度值可知2,4-癸二烯醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、壬醛、己醛、2-癸烯醛、癸醛、异戊醛等化合物对油爆草鱼总体风味形成有重要贡献。     

Effects of different types of soy sauce on the formation of heterocyclic amines in roasted chicken

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different types of soy sauce and marinating time on the formation of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in roasted chicken. Chicken breast samples were marinated with sweet, salty, light and dark soy sauce at 0, 3, 6 and 12 h (control treatment was the chicken without marinade). The concentrations of free amino acids, sugars and creatinine were determined before roasting while HCA concentrations were determined after roasting. All types of soy sauce significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) the concentration of HCAs in roasted chicken with increasing marinating time. The highest increment of total concentration of HCAs was found in samples marinated with light soy sauce (887%) followed by dark (375%), salty (193%) and sweet (169%) at 12 h. PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine) showed a substantial reduction in samples only momentarily marinated with sweet, salty and dark soy sauce (0 h). Free amino acids were found to be more strongly correlated with the formation of HCAs than reducing sugars or creatinine.     

乳酸钠保鲜纸的制备及其对道口烧鸡的保鲜效果

将乳酸钠溶液配成保鲜液喷涂在包装纸上制成抑菌纸,包装道口烧鸡并于4℃条件下贮藏,研究了乳酸钠喷涂浓度对烧鸡感官品质、菌落总数、硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)值和挥发性盐基氮(TVBN)等指标的变化规律。结果表明,用乳酸钠溶液浸泡草纸,并在40℃下烘干后再次浸泡并烘干,制得的抑菌纸的韧性和抗变形能力均较好,适合道口烧鸡的包装。与对照组相比,采用不同浓度乳酸钠溶液制成的抑菌纸均具有一定抑制微生物繁殖和控制TBA值和TVBN上升的作用,能够延缓感官质量的下降,不同程度地延长烧鸡的保鲜期。其中,用5%乳酸钠溶液制成的抑菌纸对道口烧鸡的保鲜效果最好,相对于对照组保存11d,处理组的烧鸡可保存至16d。