共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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《热加工工艺》2016,(14)
通过宏观分析、硬度测量、金相组织观察和成分分析,对某电厂炉水冷壁15CrMoG管进行爆管原因分析。结果表明:管样化学成分分析结果符合GB 5310-2008中15CrMoG材料化学成分的要求;1#管样爆口处金相组织为铁素体+珠光体,晶粒呈拉伸纤维状。爆口及爆口附近金相组织为铁素体+珠光体;爆口及爆口附近管件截面显微硬度高于标准要求(ASTM A213/A213M-2013,≤170 HV),爆口处显微硬度高达240 HV0.2;室温拉伸试验结果符合GB5310-2008标准中15CrMoG材料的要求。结合现场实际情况,推测水冷壁管短时过热泄漏原因为水冷壁管内工质减少引起的,建议检查引起流量减小的原因。 相似文献
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某电厂锅炉水冷壁管发生了爆管。通过失效管道宏观形貌和显微组织观察、管材化学成分和力学性能检测、腐蚀产物成分分析等对该水冷壁管爆管的原因进行了分析。结果表明:爆管位置有明显腐蚀沟槽,局部位置发生了Na元素浓缩,腐蚀产物主要为铁的氧化物(Fe3O4和Fe2O3)、水垢和一定量的NaFeO2;断口无明显塑性变形,宏观形貌表现为脆断特征,微观形貌表现为沿晶断裂特征;爆管位置组织为铁素体+珠光体,组织中有大量沿晶裂纹;锅炉运行期间,锅炉水pH出现过一段时间较高(10.0~10.2)的情况。综合以上分析,确定水冷壁管失效原因为碱腐蚀引起的应力腐蚀开裂。 相似文献
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锅炉水冷壁不仅在水气侧发生腐蚀,而且在烟气侧也能发生腐蚀,由于腐蚀引起的水冷壁爆裂具有突发性,一旦发生腐蚀,爆裂后果较为严重。高参数锅炉水冷壁腐蚀爆裂通常发生在燃烧器中心线位置标高附近,涉及范围较大,严重危及机组的安全运行,锅炉水冷壁腐蚀爆裂的部位通常在热负荷最 相似文献
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某超临界循环流化床锅炉TP347H钢膜式壁高温过热器管频繁发生开裂,通过宏观检查、光谱分析、力学性能试验、显微组织分析以及运行情况分析等对其失效原因进行了研究。结果表明,取样管化学成分、力学性能均满足标准要求,显微组织未见异常;裂纹起源于管子与鳍片焊趾处,并从外壁向内壁扩展;管子开裂原因为:高温过热器管为大屏膜式壁结构,加之锅炉启动过程中,相邻管壁温度差较大且不断变化,造成管子在轴向方向的膨胀差较大并形成交变热应力,从而在焊趾应力集中部位产生热疲劳裂纹,同时管子与鳍片焊缝处的残余应力以及管子外表面存在的直道沟槽促进了裂纹的形成和扩展。 相似文献
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B. Beidokhti A.H. Koukabi A. Dolati 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2009,209(8):4027-4035
The effect of titanium addition on the SAW weld metal microstructure of API 5L-X70 pipeline steel was investigated. The relationship between microstructure and toughness of the weld deposit was studied by means of full metallographic, longitudinal tensile, Charpy-V notch and HIC tests on the specimens cut transversely to the weld beads. The best combination of microstructure and impact properties was obtained in the range of 0.02–0.05% titanium. By further increasing of titanium content, the microstructure was changed from a mixture of acicular ferrite, grain-boundary ferrite and Widmanstätten ferrite to a mixture of acicular ferrite, grain-boundary ferrite, bainite and ferrite with M/A microconstituent. Therefore, the mode of fracture also changed from dimpled ductile to quasi-cleavage. The results showed an increase in the titanium content of inclusions with increased titanium levels of weld metal. Titanium-base inclusions improve impact toughness by increasing the formation of acicular ferrite in the microstructure. No HIC susceptibility was found in the weld metals with titanium contents less than 0.09%. 相似文献
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某重卡汽车齿轮在使用过程中发生开裂。采用宏观、微观检验、化学成分分析及硬度检验等方法,对失效齿轮进行了分析。结果表明齿轮热处理不当造成组织不合格,存在大量铁素体,有效硬化层偏低,致使齿轮强度不高,无法承载设计载荷,最终使齿轮破裂。 相似文献
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Ming WU Xu CHEN Chuan HE Jun XIAO College of Petroleum Engineering Liaoning Shihua University Fushun China 《金属学报(英文版)》2011,(1):65-74
The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of welded X80 pipeline steel in simulated Ku'erle soil solution was studied by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and slow strain rate tests (SSRT).The microstructure of the welded steel was observed by optical microscopy (OM).It is demonstrated that the microstructure of the weld metal consists of acicular ferrite and grain boundary ferrite,while that of heat affected zone (HAZ) is a mixture of acicular ferrite and bainitic ferrite microconsti... 相似文献
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Lei Shi Zesheng Yan Yongchang Liu Xu Yang Zhixia Qiao Baoqun Ning Huijun Li 《Metals and Materials International》2014,20(1):19-25
The development of banded structure in HSLA steel during continuous cooling has been systematically studied using dilatometry and microstructural observations. At low cooling rates (<10 °C/min), the microstructure contains alternating bands of ferrite and a mixture of pearlite and bainite. At higher cooling rate (>10 °C/min), the formation of pearlite is suppressed, and the corresponding microstructure consists of banded ferrite and bainite. Dilatometric analysis indicates that as ferrite and pearlite transformation at low rates (or ferrite transformation at higher rates) completes, Manganese (Mn) and Carbon (C) concentration in austenite can retard the bainitic transformation and result in the transformation stagnancy phenomenon. The magnitude of retardation and the bainite morphology are affected by Mn and C concentration. The increased cooling rate decreases Mn and C content in bainite, and then the length of the stagnant stage decreases and bainite morphology changes from lower bainite to acicular ferrite. 相似文献
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热轧态高强度新型贝氏体钢管具有较高强度,但冲击值较低,回火可以改善其冲击韧性。研究回火温度对热轧态高强度新型贝氏体钢管组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明:550℃以下温度回火,随回火温度提高,该新型贝氏体钢管的抗拉强度有降低趋势,但下降幅度不大;350℃以下温度回火,其冲击值随回火温度的提高而增加;400℃回火时冲击值降低,出现回火脆性;450℃以上温度回火时冲击值增加;250~350℃回火时钢管强度较高,550~650℃回火时韧性较高。400℃以下温度回火,该新型贝氏体钢管的组织均为板条贝氏体、粒状贝氏体、铁素体及残余奥氏体组织;回火温度超过500℃,残余奥氏体完全分解,组织为铁素体和粒状贝氏体。 相似文献
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Edgar López-Martínez Octavio Vázquez-Gómez Héctor Javier Vergara-Hernández Sergio Serna Bernardo Campillo 《Metals and Materials International》2016,22(6):987-994
The microhardness and nanohardness of the welding zone of two experimental HSLA steels were determined. The first steel has a microstructure of martensite and bainite, and the second one has a microstructure of quasipolygonal ferrite and acicular ferrite. In the bainitic - martensitic steel, softening of the heat affected zone was observed. This softening can be attributed to: the formation of polygonal ferrite in the recrystallization subzone, the formation of quasi-polygonal ferrite and the tempering of martensite in the intercritical subzone, and the tempering of martensite in the subcritical subzone. Besides the softening, with nanoindentation technique, hardening was observed at the position where the peak temperature reached the critical temperature A c1, which can be attributed to a phenomenon of secondary hardening by precipitation of carbides of alloying elements. In the ferritic steel, a softening phenomenon did not appear since there was no martensite in its initial microstructure. Finally, it was noted that both polygonal ferrite and the bainite have similar behavior and nanohardness, this coincidence can be attributed to the effect of grain boundary. 相似文献
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Hyper‐duplex stainless steel (HDSS) 2707 is a competitive material for application in extremely caustic environments. In this study, different annealing temperatures ranging from 1020°C to 1200°C were examined by electrochemical tests and microstructure analysis. The microstructure characterization indicated that precipitations were detected when the annealing temperature was below 1050°C and a relatively balanced austenite–ferrite phase structure was obtained at 1100°C. Through electrochemical measurements in NaBr solution, it was revealed that with the increase of temperature the pitting resistance of HDSS 2707 first rose then declined, peaking at 1100°C. The highest critical pitting temperature was about 67°C. In addition, the pitting position shifted from austenite phase to austenite–ferrite boundary and finally to ferrite interior with the annealing temperature increasing, which was in agreement with the pitting resistance equivalent values (PREN) of the two phases. 相似文献