三维地质实体建模在勘探领域中的进展

简要论述了5种实体建模方法的基本原理及其优缺点;分析了三维地质建模技术的难点及发展方向,以及三维地质建模技术在勘探领域的实际应用进展、应用效果和关键技术等问题。认为三维地质建模在地学模拟的理论、方法和技术上尚存在数据多样性、模型局限性、交互复杂性和空间多维性等亟待解决的技术问题。     

高放废物地质处置新疆雅满苏预选地段三维地质建模研究

利用三维地质建模软件Micromine和深探地学建模软件建立了雅满苏预选地段的三维可视化地质模型,直观地反映了该预选地段岩体、断裂的空间展布和相互关系等深部地质环境信息。基于所建立模型开展了三维剖切分析、对模型任意切割和开挖等一系列实用的可视化分析,为后续处置库预选地段的适宜性评价提供资料和技术支持。     

利用三维成像技术开展空间铀含量分布研究及应用

收集整理广东省南雄市坪下水地区40个钻孔伽马测井数据等资料,利用计算机三维成像技术开展空间铀含量分布研究,将测井数据转换为直观的三维图像,表征研究区的铀矿化信息;通过进一步挖掘利用钻孔伽马测井数据信息,结合地质、磁测资料,分析铀成矿有利部位,为今后该地区的铀矿地质找矿工作提供参考。     

基于Delaunay三角化方法的三维辐射场可视化研究

根据三维空间立体剖分特点,采用逐点插入法对空间离散点的三角剖分进行改进;对理论计算或实测产生的辐射场离散数据进行重构,得到三维空间内连续分布的辐射场数据;最后结合VR仿真技术,构建某核设施的三维仿真场景,并利用可视化映射技术,实现虚拟环境中的三维辐射场的可视化.结果表明,VR技术与Delaunay三角化方法结合使用可显...     

砂岩型铀矿波阻抗反演砂体识别技术研究

近些年,核工业地质系统在砂岩型铀矿勘查中开展了大量的浅层地震勘探工作,在解决地层、构造等问题上取得了显著成效,在砂体识别方面也开展了一定的研究工作,以探索识别砂体的有效方法。笔者将波阻抗反演技术引入到砂岩型铀矿地震勘查当中,结合地震数据和测井数据,在伊犁盆地开展了基于模型的波阻抗反演实际应用研究,实现了研究区的岩性识别,岩性的识别厚度达到10 m以上。     

三维可视化核电安全壳配筋系统研究与应用

依托在建核电项目,在国际通用的工厂设计软件PDMS基础上,设计和研发三维可视化核电安全壳配筋系统,研究数字化智能配筋算法,通过软件驱动配筋计算方程,进行安全壳配筋可视化、数字化、自动化设计, 并以三维数据为基础实现高效的二维抽图等设计数据输出功能。研究成果在项目上的应用不仅提高了三维设计精度和效率,同时极大提高了设计质量,具有一定的推广应用意义。?      

钻孔电视技术在三维地质建模中的应用

断层特征是岩体工程质量评价和三维地质建模的基础数据,但传统手段无法获得精确的深部断层产状。利用超声波钻孔电视技术可获得岩体深部断层的产状特征。基于钻孔电视技术和其他地质资料对中国高放废物地质处置地下实验室的推荐场址—甘肃北山新场花岗岩地段周边的断层特征进行研究,获得详实的断层特征数据,为推荐场址三维地质建模研究和地下实验室工程设计提供了参考数据。研究成果对区域基础地质研究具有重要指导意义。     

压水堆上腔室模拟体三维流场分析

本文以秦山核电厂压水堆为例，对其上腔室模拟体内的紊流强迫流动进行了三维稳态研究。采用Ｌａｕｎｄｅｒ和Ｓｐａｌｄｉｎｇ提出的Ｋ－ε两方程模型，并结合壁面函数法，对模拟体内的紊流强迫流动进行了数值模拟，得到了三维流速分布以及最大横向流速所在区域。在上腔室模拟体上，以水为介质进行了流场的可视化实验研究，采用激光测速仪测得了纵向流速分布，并用流线显示了流场，数值计算与流场试验结果符合较好。     

核武器毁伤效应三维空间建模与空间分析算法研究

为了实现核武器毁伤效应的三维科学可视化,针对毁伤效应数据的特点,提出了一种新的模型-MRPCT模型实现核武器毁伤效应三维空间效据建模,为了节省存储空间,利用线性编码方法对MRPCT模型进行存储,基于Morton码技术实现了核武器毁伤效应的空间分析算法.     

MCNP大规模重复结构体素的实时交互可视化方法研究

蒙特卡罗粒子输运程序MCNP在使用重复结构描述复杂的体素模型时,将会产生大规模的重复结构体素数据.当前对这种数据进行可视化分析时,缺乏对可视化模型进行交互操作的实时响应方法.本文提出了一种基于数据裁剪和体素隐藏的大规模重复结构体素数据的实时交互可视化方法,并基于可视化开发包VTK加以实现.以FDS团队自主构建的中国成年女性数字化辐射计算模型FDS-HUMAN为代表的测试结果表明,该方法不仅直观的实现了模型的可视化,同时还支持对旋转、切片和放缩等交互操作的快速响应.本文的方法实现了对MCNP大规模重复结构体素数据的实时交互可视化,提高了MCNP计算数据的可视化分析效率.     

Remote detection of radioactive hotspot using a Compton camera mounted on a moving multi-copter drone above a contaminated area in Fukushima

ABSTRACT

The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS), operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc., suffered a meltdown as a result of a large tsunami triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011. To proceed with environmental recovery, a radiation distribution map that indicates the distribution of radioactive substances is extremely important to establish detailed decontamination plans. We developed a remote radiation imaging system comprising a lightweight Compton camera mounted on a multi-copter drone to measure the distribution of radioactive substances remotely. The proposed system can perform radiation imaging using the Compton camera while flying and moving. In addition, the distribution of radioactive substances can be visualized three-dimensionally by drawing the radiation images captured by the Compton camera on a three-dimensional (3D) topography model acquired by a 3D-LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) system. We conducted a survey of radioactive hotspots in difficult-to-return zones in the coastal area of Fukushima, Japan. The drone system realized 3D visualization of several hotspots. Such remote technology would be useful for monitoring the difficult-to-return zone as well as for monitoring the distribution of radioactive substances inside the FDNPS site where decommissioning work is ongoing.     

基于CSG的堆芯蒙特卡罗输运模型可视化转换技术研究

为了提高堆芯蒙特卡罗精细输运计算模型（简称MC计算模型）的三维可视化分析效率，在充分调研目前MC计算模型三维可视化工具发展现状的基础上，通过对不同类型几何模型的特点，以及构造实体几何（CSG）模型的描述方法进行分析，提出了一种堆芯精细MC计算模型的自动三维可视化转换方法，并对可视化转换过程涉及到的CSG模型到边界描述（BREP）模型转换、BREP模型网格离散和CSG模型转换效率优化等关键技术进行了深入研究。测试结果表明，提出的MC计算模型自动三维可视化方法在功能和效率方面均能满足工程使用需求。      

压水堆平衡堆芯钍铀燃料循环初步研究

建立WIMSD5-SN2-CYCLE3D和CASMO3-CYCLE3D物理分析系统作为钍铀燃料循环研究工具.以大亚湾第1机组压水堆为参考堆型,不改变反应堆栅元、组件和堆芯的结构与几何尺寸,设计出含36根钍棒、4.2#5U富集度的新型含钍组件,并对含钍组件和3.2%富集度的铀组件进行中子学计算和分析.模拟并分析了大亚湾压水堆12个月换料从初始循环到铀钚平衡循环的换料过程.再从平衡铀堆芯出发,逐步加入含钍组件代替铀组件,对铀钚平衡循环到钍铀平衡循环的换料过程进行了模拟与分析.计算结果表明:钍铀平衡循环比铀钚平衡循环每天节省裂变核素质量约18.4%,并减少了长寿命放射性核废料的产生.不利因素是使得循环长度减少90EFPD,缩短了换料周期,增加运行费用,并给燃料管理、安全控制以及乏燃料的处理带来困难.建议提高组件的235U富集度,在压水堆上进行钍利用研究.     

Dust Acoustic Shock Waves with Non-Thermal and Vortex-Like Ions in Dusty Plasma

A rigorous investigation is presented on the propagation characteristics of non-linear dust acoustic(DA)waves in an unmagnetized dusty plasma system containing non-thermal and vortex-like ions and Maxwellian electrons under the effect of a fluctuating charged dust fluid.The three-dimensional(3D)Burgers'equation and a new form of a lower degree modified 3D Burgers'equation with their analytical solutions are derived to study the features of shock waves in such plasmas.The effect of the population of non-thermal ions,the vortex-like ion parameter as well as the temperature ratios of ions and electrons on the evolution of shock waves in the presence of dust charge fluctuation is presented.This theoretical investigation might be effectively utilized to unveil the nature of many astrophysical plasma environments(Saturn's spokes etc.)where such plasmas are reported to have existed.     

基于RBF神经网络的压水堆堆芯三维功率分布方法研究

堆芯三维功率分布的实时监测对核电厂的安全高效运行和控制系统优化均有重大意义。本文利用堆外核测量系统及RBF神经网络构建了一个实时堆芯功率三维分布监测系统,以提高监测的实时性及减小三维功率分布的拟合误差。在300 MW压水堆核电厂全范围仿真机上进行了一系列仿真实验,结果表明,该监测系统能在燃料循环周期的一定燃耗范围内,实时呈现堆芯三维功率分布,并通过几种方法对模型的精度进行了有效改进。     

CEFR堆芯燃料区出口稳态热工数值模拟

应用通用计算流体力学软件STAR-CD,对中国实验快堆(CEFR)堆芯出口区域进行详细的三维热工流体数值模拟,研究了该区域内钠搅混状况,获得了堆芯出口流场和温场。计算结果为堆芯出口温度测点布置的合理性评价和分析温度波动和流动扰动对控制棒导向管的影响等问题提供依据和参考。     

3D visualization of heavy ion beam energy deposition in two different target shapes

Heavy ion beams have favorable energy deposition behavior because they can penetrate and deposit their energy well inside the target. Ion beams have potential uses in fields including heavy ion beam fusion, high-energy density physics and material processing. Intense heavy ion beams can generate high-energy density matter in the laboratory under extreme density and pressure conditions. Additionally, in heavy ion fusion, a stringent requirement for successful fuel ignition and sufficient fusion energy release is that the ion energy deposition profiles are calculated precisely in the energy absorber layer. In this work, the OK2 code was used to simulate the heavy ion beam energy deposition in various target materials, and a computer program was written to provide 3D visualization of the results. The heavy ion beams used in this work were composed of lead, uranium, and cesium ions with energies of 8 GeV and carbon ions with energies of 5 MeV. The targets included two shapes: a monolayer sphere that can be used in direct-driven fusion and a cylindrical shape that is common in indirectly driven heavy ion fusion.     

Real-time virtual EAST physical experiment system

As a large fusion reaction device, experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST)’s internal structure is complicated and not easily accessible. Moreover, various diagnostic systems and complicated configuration bring about the inconveniency to the scientists who are unfamiliar with the system but interested in the data. We propose a virtual system to display the 3D model of EAST facility and enable people to view its inner structure and get access to the information of its components in various view sights. We would also provide most of the diagnostic configuration details together with their signal names and physical properties. Compared to the previous ways of viewing information by reference to collected drawings and videos, virtual EAST system is more interactive and immersive. We constructed the browser-oriented virtual EAST physical experiment system, integrated real-time experiment data acquisition, plasma shape visualization and experiment result simulation in order to reproduce physical experiments in a web browser. This system used B/S (Browser/Server) structure in combination with the technology of virtual reality – VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) and Java 3D. In order to avoid the bandwidth limit across internet, we balanced the rendering speed and the precision of the virtual model components. Any registered user can view the experimental information visually and efficiently by logining the system through a web browser. The establishment of the system provides the framework basis for a comprehensive virtual EAST cooperative physical experimental environment.     

Conceptual design of the three-dimensional magnetic field configuration relevant to the magnetopause reconnection in the SPERF

A new ground-based experimental device,the Space Plasma Environment Research Facility (SPERF),is being designed at Harbin Institute of Technology in China,with Asymmetric REconnection eXperiment-3 Dimensional (AREX-3D) as one of the experimental components to study the asymmetric reconnection dynamics relevant to the interaction between the interplanetary and magnetospheric plasmas.The asymmetry in the designed magnetic reconnection process not only refers to the distinct plasma parameters designed for the two upstream regions across the current sheet,but also refers to the inhomogeneity in the direction along the current sheet resulting from the designed 3D magnetic field geometry.These two asymmetries are fundamental features of the reconnection process at the Earth's magnetopause.In experiment,the reconnection process is driven by a set of flux cores through coil-currentramp-up from the 'magnetosheath-side' to interact with a dipole magnetic field generated by the Dipole Research EXperiment (DREX) coil on the 'magnetosphere-side'.The AREX-3D will be able to investigate a range of important reconnection issues in 3D magnetic field geometry that is relevant to the Earth's magnetopause.A wide range of plasma parameters can be achieved through inductive plasma generation with flux cores on the 'magnetosheath-side' and electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) with microwave sources on the 'magnetosphere-side',e.g.high (low) plasma density at experimental magnetosheath (dipole) side.Different reconnection regimes and geometries can be produced by adjusting plasma parameters and coil setups as well as coil current waveforms.The three-dimensional magnetic field configurations in the SPERF relevant to the dayside magnetopause reconnection are discussed in detail.     

Concept,production and validation of a 3D-printed coil frame for the UST_2 modular stellarator

Geometric complexity of stellarators hampers a straightforward production of conceived optimised magnetic configurations. Integration of the engineering design with new fabrication methods may reduce the production cost and accelerate the production process. A fast cycle production of experimental fusion devices also might result in a faster advance in fusion plasma science. Several different stellarators could be used to test configurations for improved turbulent transport or to validate new divertor configurations. In this framework, and based on the results from the previously built UST_1 stellarator, the present work try to study and validate the feasibility of 3D printing methods (additive manufacturing) for small experimental stellarators. The paper summarises the engineering development, fabrication and validation of a coil frame test sector for the UST_2 stellarator. The definition of the Last Closed Flux Surface and winding surface for the test sector is based on an optimised quasi-isodynamic poloidal stellarator, modified for enhanced in-vessel remote handling manipulation and wide space for divertors. A Filled-sparse coil frame concept is developed to still keep low the cost in spite of the present expensive 3D printing materials and printers.