提高活性石灰回转窑衬砖寿命的探索与实践

通过对攀钢活性石灰田特窑衬砖寿命情况的系统分析、研究，同时对设备管理和工艺制度进行优化，探索出了提高回转窑窑衬寿命的有效途径，使窑衬使用寿命达到了30个月，大幅度降低了修理费用，对活性石灰保供和提高企业经济效益具有十分重要的意义。     

KM回转窑窑衬初探

为满足炼钢工业的目前需要,我国几家企业先后引进了西德KM回转窑来煅烧活性石灰,以满足炼钢厂造渣的需要。回转窑内衬通常只砌一层耐磨层,不设保温层,这是考虑了回转窑砌体结构的稳定性而采取的措施。如采用双层衬(指一层耐磨层、一层绝热层)会由于两层之间以及绝热层与表皮之间相对运动而使绝热层磨损,从而造成整个内衬塌陷。最近,国外有些回转窑采用了耐磨层与绝热层结合在一起的结构,以防止热损失。所谓耐磨层与绝热层结合在一起的结构,即使整个内衬成为一体,使之不发生相对运动。     

活性石灰回转窑烧成带炉衬不烧砖的技术标准研究

武钢乌龙泉矿活性石灰回转窑烧成带炉衬使用磷酸盐不烧砖代替镁铬砖及镁尖晶石砖,炉衬寿命提高到3年以上;不烧砖具有成本低、无铬污染等优点,使用效果好。根据不烧砖的多年应用经验与数据收集、整理、分析,武钢制定了活性石灰回转窑烧成带炉衬不烧砖企业标准,规范了烧成带炉衬用耐火材料的技术条件,以保证回转窑的稳定运行。     

武钢活性石灰回转窑用耐磨浇注料技术标准研究

通过对活性石灰回转窑用耐磨浇注料关键性能指标进行调研与分析,确定了武钢活性石灰回转窑用耐磨浇注料的技术条件,制定出活性石灰回转窑用耐磨浇注料企业标准,从而有利于提高武钢活性石灰回转窑系统的使用寿命及作业效率。     

影响回转窑产活性石灰产品质量因素分析

结合生产实际和实验，分析了锻烧温度、原料、燃料特性、回转窑的转速、风量以及活性石灰的贮存方式和时间等因素对回转窑产活性石灰质量的影响，提出了回转窑生产优质活性石灰的几个观点。     

转炉煤气在石灰回转窑的应用

通过对石灰回转窑煤气系统的改造,将转炉煤气用作煅烧冶金石灰的单一气体燃料,在石灰回转窑中生产出满足炼钢需求的活性石灰。实践表明,活性石灰的单位成本降低了17.7%,炼钢工序成本降低了3.7元/t。回转窑使用单一转炉煤气煅烧活性石灰技术具有一定的推广应用价值。     

回转窑用耐火材料的技术进步

介绍了煅烧各种物料的回转窑选用耐火材料及砌筑,维护,修补内衬的情况。具有工作层、保温层和隔热层的预制块与浇注料复合砌筑,而且预制块与浇注料内部嵌有金属锚固件,直接焊接在筒体钢壳上。烧水泥、白云石、石灰、氧化铝、废物等的窑,要挂好,并保护好窑皮;烧金属球团、炭素等的窑要防止结圈,选用耐磨、与低熔物液相润湿角大的耐火材料。同时都要做好定期喷补,提高内衬的使用寿命。     

回转窑用高铝复合砖

山东省淄搏市鲁中耐火材料厂开发研制的回转窑窑衬用高铝复合砖，是将耐火高温层与轻质隔热层复合成一体的新型回转窑内衬材料。该砖于1998年5月10日通过了省级鉴定，到会专家给予了高度评价。回转窑窑村用高铝复合砖采用了不烧工艺成型和特殊过渡结构，解决了性能差异悬殊的两种材料之间的结合问题，同时具有耐高温和保温的双重作用。由于高温层具有优良的高温性能，能充分满足窑内高温反应和磨损的要求；又由于具有合理厚度的隔热层，满足了保温减少热损失的要求。高铝复合砖在我公司氧化铝熟料窑上试用Zm，运转150天后还剩90—100mm，预…     

酒钢改造回转窑生产活性石灰研究

针对酒钢生产对石灰的需求和公司组织进行的酒钢回转窑改造的可行性研究结果 ,从回转窑生产石灰工艺、技术、经济等方面 ,阐明了酒钢改造回转窑生产活性石灰解决酒钢石灰紧缺和质量过差状况的可行性。     

回转窑烟气余热回收技术改造

石灰回转窑排出的高温含尘烟气,既浪费了能源又对周边环境造成污染。对此问题,河北敬业集团第一烧结厂在石灰回转窑预热器出口和电除尘进口之间增上1台热管余热锅炉,烟气经预热器进锅炉,烟气温度由400℃下降到200℃后进入电除尘,同时产生0.6 MPa饱和蒸汽,最大产气量达到4.5 t/h;此过程回收的CO2(含量99.5%以上)作为河北敬业集团水杨酸生产用的原料气体,石灰回转窑烟气余热回收改造使河北敬业集团达到了提高经济效益和改善周边环境的目的。     

铅锌尾矿综合利用中的合理用能诊断

针对某铅锌矿厂尾矿中S、CaO、SiO2含量较高的特点,提出了＂铅锌再选-硫回收-二次尾矿建材化＂的尾矿综合利用方案,采用合理用能诊断技术对利用环节中的能源消耗进行了分析。结果表明：硫精矿回收品位达42%,磁铁矿铁回收品位达60%,二次尾矿用于制作免烧砖和水泥均达到行业标准。利用铅锌尾矿生产水泥时,回转窑系统烧成效率较低,59.2%的热支出具有回收价值,节能潜力较大。     

非对称热轧单面不锈钢-碳钢复合板生产工艺研究

釆用“电子束真空焊接制坯+热轧”的工艺在钢厂热连轧生产线上进行了“316L不锈钢+Q345C碳 钢”的单面不锈钢复合板热轧生产。采用非对称制坯及异步轧制的手段生产出了高品质单面不锈钢复合板,所生 产的不锈钢复合板界面剪切强度大于320 MPa、屈服强度大于370 MPa、抗拉强度大于520 MPa、断后伸长率大于 30%,各项指标均达到GB/T8165-2008的要求。不锈钢层和碳钢层结合度良好,复合界面平直,无明显缺陷,不锈 钢与碳钢之间实现了良好的冶金结合,结合率达100% 。     

The transverse creep deformation and failure characteristics of SCS-6/Ti-6AI-4V metal matrix composites at 482 °C

While continuous fiber, unidirectional composites are primarily evaluated for their longitudinal properties, the behavior transverse to the fibers often limits their application. In this study, the tensile and creep behaviors of SCS-6/Ti-6Al-4V composites in the transverse direction at 482 °C were evaluated. Creep tests were performed in air and argon environments over the stress range of 103 to 276 MPa. The composite was less creep resistant than the matrix when tested at stress values larger than 150 MPa. Below 150 MPa, the composite was more creep resistant than the unreinforced matrix. Failure of the composite occurred by the ductile propagation of cracks emanating from separated fiber interfaces. The environment in which the test was performed affected the creep behavior. At 103 MPa, the creep rate in argon was 4 times slower than the creep rate in air. The SCS-6 silicon-carbide fiber’s graphite coating oxidized in the air environment and encouraged the separation of the fiber-matrix interface. However, at higher stress levels, the difference in behavior between air- and argon-tested specimens was small. At these stresses, separation of the interface occurred during the initial loading of the composite and the subsequent degradation of the interface did not affect the creep behavior. Finally, the enrichment of the composite’s surface by molybdenum during fabrication resulted in an alloyed surface layer that failed in a brittle fashion during specimen elongation. Although this embrittled layer did not appear to degrade the properties of the composite, the existence of a similar layer on a composite with a more brittle matrix might be very detrimental.     

回转窑砖衬局部更换的探索与实施

莱钢矿建公司球团厂针对回转窑砖衬损坏现状,通过与莱芜市华能炉窑工程公司合作.首次对砖衬进行了局部更换,并取得了很好的效果.本文就窑衬局部更换的施工要点,以及施工中可能遇到的问题和处理方法等进行了详细介绍.     

对延长锌浸出渣挥发窑寿命的探讨

介绍了电解锌浸出渣在挥发窑处理过程中对窑使用寿命的影响因素及延长挥发窑寿命的探讨,着重介绍了耐火材料对挥发窑寿命的影响,根据生产实践情况来看,铝镁铬耐火砖在挥发窑上的应用效果最好,并取得很好的经济效益。     

轮窑焙烧高硅钒矿提取钒的工业试验

在国内首次用轮窑焙烧提取高硅钒矿中的钒,使传统的钠化焙烧工艺取得了较好指标：钒转化率６５．４９％,总回收率５４．７０％。根据该种窑的特性重点作了焙烧条件试验,由此提出了进一步提高钒转化率的措施。     

氧化铝熟料窑内衬改进与提产降耗

介绍采用复合型内衬砖和耐热钢扬料板等措施对熟料窑内衬进行的改进,提高了窑内物料的热交换效率和窑内衬的保温效果,为窑内热工制度的改善创造条件,提高了窑台时产能,达到了节能降耗目的.     

梭式窑衬砖的优化与改进

对梭式窑衬砖存在的问题进行分析,提出改进措施,消除了影响窑衬寿命提高的因素,使窑体的寿命得到显著提高。     

高铝质不烧砖的生产及其在水泥窑上的应用

由于化学侵蚀和热损伤的作用，水泥窑内衬寿命降低，导致窑炉的利用率较低，高铝质不烧砖的应用可以满足中小型水泥窑的需求，并取得较好的经济效益。     

Effects of Kiln Ash on the Compressibility of Residual Lateritic Soils

The potential for the use of kiln ash as an additive to Lateritic soils to improve their engineering characteristics as road construction material was experimentally investigated. The results of laboratory tests indicate that no significant improvement of the soil properties occurred until after several weeks of curing time. In general, as the content of kiln ash in the soil was increased, the soil pH increased from 5.5 to 11.8; the maximum unconfined shear strength increased from 340 to 423 kPa (corresponding to 0–8% kiln ash content), the soil liquid limit reduced from 59 to 49% (corresponding to 0–20% kiln ash as content). No significant change in the plasticity limits of the lateritic soil was observed, in the range of 0 to 8% kiln ash content. Relative to the compressibility of the natural soil (measured in terms of the total strain), a decrease of about 3% occurred for kiln ash contents of 5, 10, and 20% within 1 to 7 days; and that this decrease reached about 19% for 20% kiln ash content as time progressed (to more than 177 days). These results imply that significant and desirable changes in soil compressibility can be achieved after a few months if the soils are admixed with kiln ash. Soil solution pH changes cause a time-dependent increase in soil strength, where calcium cations combine with silica and aluminum of the soil to form insoluble cementitious materials.