车载激光冷却装置PLC控制系统研究

本文以某车载激光冷却装置为例,该激光冷却装置采用蓄冷+释冷的冷却方式,控制系统采用PLC程序控制。供水温度为控制对象,对蓄冷系统和释冷系统进行控制,利用PLC程序控制实现激光冷却装置的自动运行,并在自动运行过程中采用供水PID调节方式,达到节能运行目的。     

分层型蓄冷水箱中扩散器的设计与实验研究

对影响分层型蓄冷水箱性能的因素进行了分析，其中扩散器对蓄冷水箱的性能有着重要影响。提出了扩散器设计的基本假设及方法。按照该设计方法建立了分层型蓄冷水箱实验装置，通过了110分钟的蓄、放冷实验研究，验证了扩散器设计的基本假设、方法的合理性。实验结果表明：按照分层型蓄冷水箱中扩散器的设计条件，可以保证分层型蓄能水箱经济、可靠地运行。     

高温水蓄冷过冷空调系统性能研究

阐述了高温水蓄冷过冷空调系统原理，对该新型蓄冷过冷空调系统若干方案进行了选择，特别是对蓄冷水箱的掺混度进行了研究，建立了空调用蓄冷水箱内温度分层特性数理模型，模拟了蓄冷水箱内温度分布规律，并与实验值进行了比较，两者基本吻合，该模型可为水蓄冷系统储水相的设计和运行提供理论依据。     

蓄冷箱在疫苗冷链中的研究进展

每年疫苗产品损耗的主要因素之一是冷链运输的失效,在运输过程中使用最为普遍的设备是蓄冷箱。影响蓄冷箱保温性能的因素主要包括保温箱体的绝热性能、蓄冷材料的蓄冷能力及保温包装方式的设计。本文综述了蓄冷箱在疫苗冷链中的研究进展,分析了疫苗蓄冷箱常用保温材料及相变蓄冷材料的选择和应用,并讨论了箱体热阻的计算及蓄冷箱温度的监控。在此基础上指出整体包装和开发相变蓄冷材料的研究方向。     

热管-蓄冷空调系统在数据中心的节能应用方案研究

本文以某数据中心机房为例,通过改造原有空调系统以充分利用全年室外空气冷源,利用单向二极管式热管构建热管/蒸汽压缩复合空调系统,以固化十二醇硬脂酸为蓄冷材料增设蓄冷系统,结果显示:改造后能源使用效率PUE从2.1降低为1.51,自然冷却全年使用时间占75%,年节能率达28%。并提出了自然冷却能效FCE,探讨了北方地区数据机房利用自然冷源的途径,对数据中心的节能设计具有参考价值。     

城市小区生活变频供水系统的应用

过去常采用的水泵、水塔、水箱等供水方式,由于存在供水压力和流量不能调节、而且投资大、控制能力差、管理难度大、电力损耗高、设备易损等缺点。目前采用的最先进变频调速供水系统克服了以上供水方式存在的缺点。本文主要探讨变频调速技术在居住小区供水系统中的设计应用。     

国内外蓄冷技术的最新研究和应用动态

本文从蓄冷介质、蓄冷方式、用冷方式、控制方法、机组小型化等几个方面对蓄冷技术应用的发展与现状进行了阐述,以便于对蓄冷技术有针对性地作进一步的深入研究。     

大唐商城消防水池蓄冷

本文介绍了某商城中央空调工程利用消防水池蓄冷的设计和施工方法以及运行效果,讨论了利用消防水池蓄冷的特点和运行方式.     

某数据中心空调系统设计

结合夏热冬冷地区某城市的逐时气象参数,以2幢废旧厂房改造为数据中心为案例,介绍该数据中心空调系统的设计要点,分别计算常规冷源系统和蓄冷调峰冷源系统在完全自然冷却和非完全自然冷却模式下的能耗。在经济性分析的基础上,重点阐述蓄冷设施在满足市电中断后数据中心连续制冷的同时,利用峰谷电价政策实现数据中心运行节能的理念,大容量调峰蓄冷罐可满足冷却水的长时间应急补水,无须单独建造蓄水池。     

蓄冷技术在空调中的应用及其关键问题

本文论述了当前在我国应用蓄冷空调技术的重大现实意义,并对不同类型的蓄冷空调系统进行了比较分析。最后针对蓄冷空调技术的应用现状,对蓄冷空调的设计与运行两大关键问题进行了讨论。     

动态冰蓄冷在牛奶行业的节能应用

动态冰蓄冷技术在国内首次应用于牛奶加工工艺冷却过程,通过改造原有冷水机组,利用普通水制备的0℃冰浆,针对不同乳品加工冷却过程分别提供1℃的低温冷水和10℃高温冷水。这改变了牛奶行业固有的统一供低温冷水的格局,达到了能源梯级利用,节能减排的目的。系统增设一台170RT双工况螺杆式制冷机,研制相应制冰设备,蓄冰槽体积为98m3。总蓄冷量为1020RT·h,实现转移高峰电量22.29万kWh,年节约电费38.04万元,单位产品吨耗下降9.90元/吨。     

用于水产冷库的计算机辅助设计软件

本文介绍了一款专门用于水产冷库设计的软件。此软件由Visual Basic 6．0编程语言及Access数据库编程工具开发而成。该软件功能包括：冷库各冷间负荷计算、冷却设备负荷计算、压缩机负荷计算以及整个制冷系统主要设备的选型计算及选型。结合算例,说明该软件具有界面良好、计算简便准确和实用性强的特点,是水产冷库的方便快捷的设计工具。     

Numerical simulation of an advanced energy storage system using H2O–LiBr as working fluid, Part 1: System design and modeling

The advanced energy storage technology proposed and patented by authors can be applied for cooling, heating, dehumidifying, combined cooling and heating, and so on. It is also called the variable mass energy transformation and storage (VMETS) technology in which the masses in one or two storage tanks change continuously during the energy charging and discharging processes. This paper presents an advanced energy storage system using aqueous lithium bromide (H₂O–LiBr) as working fluid. As one of VMETS systems, this system is a closed system using two storage tanks. It is used to shift electrical load and store energy for cooling, heating or combined cooling and heating. It is environmental friendly because the water is used as refrigerant in the system. Its working principle and process of energy transformation and storage are totally different from those of the traditional thermal energy storage (TES) systems. The electric energy in off-peak time is mostly transformed into the chemical potential of the working fluid and stored in the system firstly. And then the potential is transformed into cold or heat energy by absorption refrigeration or heat pump mode when the consumers need the cold or heat energy. The key to the system is to regulate the chemical potential by controlling the absorbent (LiBr) mass fraction or concentration in the working fluid with respect to time. As a result, by using a solution storage tank and a water storage tank, the energy transformation and storage can be carried out at the desirable time to shift electric load efficiently. Since the concentration of the working solution in the VMETS cycle varies continuously, the working process of the VMETS system is dynamic. As the first part of our study, the working principle and flow of the VMETS system were introduced first, and then the system dynamic models were developed. To investigate the system characteristics and performances under full-storage and partial-storage strategies, the numerical simulation will be performed in the subsequent paper. The simulation results will be very helpful for guiding the actual system and device design.     

Optimal design of an absorption chilled water storage air conditioning system driven by waste heat

In order to meet both economic and energy requirements, this study has proposed an optimal design to minimize the sum of the initial and operation energy costs for a 1200 refrigeration ton chiller and 12 water storage tanks in an absorption chilled water storage air conditioning system. Various power consumption calculation methods for the main devices are included to predict the performance of this equipment under different operating conditions. In addition, the performance curves of the water storage tank under the storage and discharge modes are calculated using Fluent software. The article uses five control strategies for a cooling tower along with three hot water inlet temperatures of a generator to simulate the optimal design of a system. The results show that the least power (10,336 kWh) is consumed when the cooling tower’s outlet temperature is 32°C and the generator’s inlet hot water temperature is 105°C.     

浙东沿海中小型水产冷库制冷工艺设计特点与技术经济分析

在投资方对项目的能耗格外关注的前提下,对一个从事鱼类冷冻加工的水产冷库来说,能否以最小的电能消耗,产出优质、物美、价廉的冷冻鱼食品,是企业能否生存的必要条件。笔者对冷库制冷工艺设计中冻结间的结构及形式,冷藏库冷却设备结构及形式,盐水制冰机的形式及特点,机房制冷系统设计及特点与技术经济分析作了阐述。     

水预冷及卷心菜冷水预冷的应用

水预冷技术在果蔬食品加工或储存中均非常关键。果蔬通过水预冷后，进入冷库储存或下一道加工环节，对于果蔬食品的储存与食物的品质起到明显的效果。本文通过卷心菜水预冷实际生产中的应用案例，简单扼要介绍了水预冷及优缺点、水预冷耗冷量计算及水预冷设计存在的难度和解决办法。     

双分层水箱太阳能喷射制冷循环特性

本文提出一种采用双分层水箱的太阳能喷射制冷循环,分层水箱热分层显著,颇具可用能储存优势,结合大小水箱各自的优势弥补因太阳日辐射量波动而导致太阳能利用率不高、太阳能驱动的喷射制冷效率较低等问题。采用逐时冷负荷分析法分析了双分层水箱太阳能喷射制冷系统特性,结果表明:该制冷循环高品位能耗约为普通机械压缩制冷循环的1/5,较传统水箱太阳能喷射制冷循环全天工作时间约多4 h,日产冷量提高36.8%,且分层水箱喷射制冷系统的逐时制冷量与办公室逐时冷负荷更吻合。     

Modelling commercial refrigeration systems coupled with water storage to improve energy efficiency and perform heat recovery

A basic CO₂ transcritical/subcritical commercial refrigeration system is considered, applied to cold rooms and display cabinets in a supermarket. Subcooling of the refrigerant or heat recovery from condensation can be performed, taking advantage of a large fire prevention water tank. The whole refrigeration system is modelled in a TRNSYS environment, taking into account the hourly weather data and calculating the hourly cooling load demand from display cabinets and cold rooms equipment. New types have been written to describe display cabinets and cold rooms, CO₂ refrigerating units and a particular water store.Simulations consider a simple double compression cycle with liquid receiver, and other options among which an auxiliary compressor. Results show that CO₂ plants are feasible and energetically acceptable in mild climates, provided that improvements to standard cycle are adopted. Furthermore, heat recovery can be effectively performed through the employment of a heat storage.     

氨系统超高单层节能低温冷藏库研制报告

该文对超高单层低温冷藏库的建筑结构、冷却设备合理分配、制冷系统的动态平衡的运行进行了实际工程分析。超高单层低温冷藏库库温波动小，结霜少，在动态平衡下连续运行具有较大节能效果，并且在提高冷库建筑土地利用率方面具有重要意义。这对低温冷藏库的节能建设和进一步提高藏品质量将发挥重要作用。