一种基于Gauss-Seidel方法的空时多用户检测算法

为了提高DS-CDMA系统的容量,提出了一种基于高斯-赛德尔(Gauss-Seidel)迭代算法的空时多用户检测算法.针对高斯-赛德尔迭代算法容易引起的误差扩散,改进算法同时从正反两个方向进行串行干扰消除,并借助最大似然序列准则进行判决,有效地抑制了误差扩散的影响.仿真结果表明,改进算法具有更快的收敛速度和更优的误码性能.     

FSO中分层空时编码的误码性能

分层空时编码(BLAST)虽然具有极高的频谱效率,能成倍提高光通信系统的信息传输速率,但BLAST系统的误码率较大,严重影响了光通信系统的可靠性。在描述了湍流信道中多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的信道模型后,针对多进制脉冲位置调制(Q-PPM)技术,推导出了采用线性译码算法时分层空时码的极大似然判决准则及其误码率公式,并比较了最大似然译码算法、线性译码算法、串行干扰消除译码算法的误码性能。最后,利用仿真实验进行了验证。结果表明:在自由空间光通信(FSO)中,串行干扰消除译码算法的误码性能更接近最大似然译码算法的性能,明显优于线性译码算法。在4×4系统中,当误比特率为2×10-2时,相对于最小均方误差(MMSE)译码算法,最大似然译码算法和MMSE-SIC译码算法的信噪比分别改善了约14.5 dB和7 dB。理论分析与实验结果相一致。     

V-BLAST系统中一种基于噪声分析的简化最大似然检测算法

该文基于对贝尔实验室垂直分层空时系统中的噪声分析,提出了一种简化的最大似然检测算法。该算法选取多维空间中参考直线附近的若干信号点构成候选子集,并利用最大似然准则在该子集中选取合适的向量作为对发射信号的最终估计。性能分析和仿真表明,该算法在保证接近最优误码性能的前提下,具有更低的计算复杂度,并且解决了噪声增强问题。     

采用改进ML-OSIC的MIMO联合检测

在垂直分层空时码(V-BLAST)多输入多输出(MIMO)系统中,最大似然检测算法(MLD)可以获得最佳的差错概率性能,但是其算法复杂度随着天线数目及其搜索空间数目呈指数增长;排序连续干扰消除(OSIC)算法具有高可行性的优点,但是其误码率由于无法防止误码扩散的原因而下降。基于OSIC算法复杂度主要来源于矩阵求逆运算,提出了一种改进的OSIC算法,该算法采用并行检测与精确检测值相结合的方案,在维持相对满意性能的情况下,减少算法复杂度。考虑到传统OSIC算法的误码扩散,将改进的OSIC算法与ML算法相结合,利用ML的穷尽搜索方式来提高算法的整体性能。为了避免ML算法给系统复杂度带来负担,通过一定的复杂度公式优先选出b层进行改进的OSIC算法,剩余的误差累积层使用MLD执行。仿真结果表明,所提算法复杂度小于传统OSIC算法,同时得到了接近ML算法的性能。     

HF信道准最大似然序列检测技术的研究

本文在研究用于克服码间串扰的最大似然序列检测技术的基础上，提出了一种准最大似然序列检测方案，用于短波话带串行体制数传ＭＯＤＥＭ，该方案中采用预判决反馈减小信道状态有效分量的数目和简化维持比算法等方法，减小了运算量，模拟分析表明，该方案的误码性能优于平方根卡尔曼算法的判决反馈均衡器方案。     

联合QR分解和最大似然V-BLAST检测算法

结合迭代QR分解和最大似然检测提出一种新的联合检测算法。算法首先使用改进迭代QR分解得到发送符号向量nT个估计,随后使用最大似然检测算法在nT估计向量寻找最佳判决向量。分析表明,联合检测算法复杂度是连续干扰消除算法的1/5。仿真试验表明,联合检测算法性能优于连续干扰消除算法。     

基于Gibbs采样的MIMO信号检测改进算法

针对传统Gibbs采样算法的“失控问题”,提出了一种改进算法,在Gibbs迭代采样过程中加入对噪声方差的估计,消除了失控问题。设计了信号检测流程,将最大似然( ML)检测的搜索过程嵌入Gibbs迭代采样过程,减少了最大似然检测的计算步骤。仿真结果表明,所提算法能估计噪声方差,具有接近最大似然检测的性能。     

CPM调制的迭代检测技术

CPM信号具有包络恒定、峰均比小、功率利用率高的优点。针对CPM信号的特征,比较了最大似然序列检测Viterbi算法和逐符号的最大后验概率(MAP)解调算法的特点,重点研究了使用迭代检测技术进行软输入输出解调及译码的MAP解调方法。在AWGN信道条件下对CPM全响应和部分响应信号进行了误码性能仿真,结果表明采用相干解调和译码,迭代检测方案可得到较高的编码增益。     

一种低复杂度的差分酉空时调制多符号球形译码算法

该文提出了一种瑞利衰落信道下差分酉空时调制系统中多符号差分球形译码的改进算法。该算法在执行球形译码的最大似然度量搜索时,仅对具有较小最大似然度量的部分测试符号进行搜索,从而大大减少了搜索的次数,同时提出了一种逐项进行的最大似然度量计算方法,可以尽早发现超过搜索范围的测试符号并终止计算,在避免无谓的运算负担的同时得到所需的具有较小最大似然度量的部分测试符号。仿真表明,在适中的信噪比范围内,该算法在牺牲少量系统性能的基础上降低了超过50%的运算量。     

分布式空频编码协同通信系统分段ML迭代检测算法

该文针对频率选择性衰落下的多中继分布式空频编码协同通信系统,提出了一种分段最大似然迭代检测算法。目的节点将每一个分布式空频编码的频域向量划分成若干小段,分别对其进行最大似然迭代检测。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该迭代最大似然检测算法收敛速度快,且显著降低了分布式空频编码协同通信系统检测算法的复杂度,具有较高的实用价值。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks