Knowledge and software modeling using UML

Ontology can be considered as a comprehensive knowledge model which enables the developer to practice knowledge, instead of code, reuse. In the development of knowledge-based systems, different modeling languages are employed at different stages of the development process. By using a common modeling language for the knowledge and software models, knowledge instead of software reuse can be achieved. We illustrate the process by first presenting an ontology developed for an industrial domain and then investigate Unified Modeling Language (UML) as an ontology modeling tool. Since any model expressed in UML can be translated into a software model, the transition from the knowledge model to system implementation is better supported with the proposed approach. The industrial domain of selecting a remediation technique for petroleum contaminated sites is adopted for the illustration case study.     

基于UML的面向对象软件设计

UML是一种通用的可视化建模语言,用于对软件进行描述、可视化处理、构造和建立软件系统的文档。使用UML进行软件设计能够比较显著地提高软件的开发效率,保证软件的开发质量。以中华童装网的开发为例,介绍了一种使用面向对象的UML软件设计方法。     

一种基于UML的软件产品线可变性建模方法

将UML引入到软件产品线开发中,在产品线可变性分析的基础上,提出了一种基于UML的产品线可变性建模方法。该方法不仅支持可选、多选一等可变点类型的描述,还支持软件产品线可变性的约束建模。在此基础上,还通过一个手机应用软件的产品线可变性建模实例验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于COOZ对UML的类结构的形式化

为面向对象的模型建立坚实的形式化基础是近年形式化研究的热点。一旦提供了对面向对象模型概念的精确描述后,就可以对OO模型的行为和结构进行清晰的分析。统一模型语言（UML）是为建立统一的面向对象开发方法的有益偿试,它是在已有的三大OO方法学的基础上抽象出来的模型语言。文章结合作者正在进行的对Z语言的OO扩展COOZ,对UML的类层次结构进行精确的形式化描述。     

基于SaaS的ERP云服务平台UML profile建模与描述

针对当前商业环境中传统企业资源计划（ERP）系统的低开放性、低拓展性和高成本等问题,提出了一种基于软件即服务（SaaS）模式的ERP系统建模方法。首先,利用UML的拓展机制,对原语扩充,得到新的原语集UML profile;其次,建立等效元模型,通过对象约束语言（OCL）保证语义的无二义性;最后,通过应用图、操作字典、物理图和拓扑图组成的模型框架对云ERP系统进行描述,实现云ERP系统的文档化。该方法专注于模块化设计,所有阶段均采用统一的可视化元模型。根据建模需求,在企业架构（EA）平台上采用所提方法成功建立了基于SaaS的云ERP模型,验证了所提建模方法的有效性。理论分析及建模结果表明,该方法确保了模型间的互操作性和一致性,提高了ERP系统的可成长性。     

UML模型到COOZ规约的形式化转换

为UML建模元素提供坚实的形式化语义基础是目前的研究热点之一,在这方面也有了不少探索。文章在过去的研究的基础上,给出了UML模型到COOZ规约的一种系统的转化方法。将UML模型转换到COOZ规约后,UML模型的推理验证就可以通过相应COOZ规约的推理验证实现。该方法不但为UML提供了精确的形式化语义基础,而且,提供了一种UML模型推理的合理的机制。     

Metamodeling generalization and other directed relationships in UML

ContextGeneralization is a fundamental relationship in object orientation and in the UML (Unified Modeling Language). The generalization relationship is represented in the UML metamodel as a “directed relationship”.ObjectiveBeing a directed relationship corresponds to the nature of generalization in the semantic domain of object orientation: a relationship that is directed from the subclass to the superclass. However, we claim that the particular form this relationship adopts in the metamodel is erroneous, which entails a series of inconveniencies for model manipulation tools that try to adhere to the UML specification. Moreover, we think that this error could be due to a misinterpretation of the relationships between metamodeling levels in the UML: represented reality (M0), model (M1) and metamodel (M2). This problem also affects other directed relationships: Dependency and its various subtypes, Include and Extend between use cases, and others.MethodWe analyze the features of the generalization relationship in various domains and how it has been metamodeled in UML. We examine the problems, both theoretical and technological, posed by the UML metamodel of generalization. We then compare it with the metamodel of other directed relationships.ResultsWe arrive at the conclusion that the metamodel of all directed relationships could be improved. Namely, we claim that, at level M2, the metamodel should not contain any one-way meta-associations: all meta-associations should be two-way, both for practical and theoretical reasons.ConclusionsThe rationale for our main claim can be summarized as follows: connected graphical symbols do know each other, and the goal of a metamodel is to specify the syntactic properties of a language, ergo meta-associations must be two-way. This, of course, does not preclude at all the use of one-way associations at the user model level (M1).     

利用UML开发协同工作环境

随着网络与通信技术的发展,协同工作越来越成为一种流行的工作方式,协同工作环境的开发亦成为热点。而UML是最广泛使用的面向对象的统一建模语言,在软件工程中得到普遍应用。运用UML这一行之有效的工具对协同工作环境进行建模,将大大提高软件开发的效率。通过一个协同编辑系统需求分析的建模实例,简要说明了运用UML对协同工作环境进行建模的过程及其优越性。     

UML类图的形式化及分析

统一建模语言(UML)是一种通用的图形化建模语言,在面向对象系统的分析和设计中,它已成为事实上的工业标准。但是UML不是形式化的建模语言,缺乏精确的语义描述,因此会导致一些问题。Z是一种广泛使用的形式化规约语言,Z适合用来精确地表示模型的语法和语义。文章采用Z符号来表示UML类图的组成元素的语法和语义及其映射关系,最后对UML类图的一些性质进行分析和验证。     

运用UML为软件项目建模研究

UML作为软件工程领域的标准建模语言 ,受到工程界的广泛关注 ,但怎样运用UML来建模仍没有一个统一的标准。通过实例介绍了UML的结构和机制 ,结合建模工具RationalRose说明如何在软件开发过程中运用UML建模     

Unified meta-modeling framework using bond graph grammars for conceptual modeling

Existing techniques for developing large scale complex engineering systems are predominantly software based and use Unified Modeling Language (UML). This leads to difficulties in model transformation, analysis, validation, verification and automatic code generation. Currently no general frameworks are available to bridge the concept-code gap rampant in design and development of complex, software-intensive mechatronic systems called cyber-physical systems. To fill this gap and provide an alternative approach to Object Management Group’s UML/SysML/OCL combination, we propose: Bond Graph based Unified Meta-Modeling Framework (BG-UMF). BG-UMF is a practical and viable alternative and uses a novel hybrid approach based on model unification and integration. The focus is on conceptual design and development of executable models for large systems. The viability of the framework is demonstrated through an application scenario: conceptual design and development of a navigation and control system for a rotor-craft UAV.     

UML在商业系统建模中的应用

UML是一种定义良好、易于表达，功能强大且普遍适用的建模语言。它融入了软件工程领域的新思想、新方法和新技术，使用范围不仅限于支持面向对象的分析与设计，还支持从需求分析开始的软件开发的全过程，通过介绍UML在商业系统建模中的应用方法，阐述了UML的特点及商业系统中使用UML的优势。     

基于XML的UML时序图向Petri网的转换

针对统一建模语言（UML）时序图与Petri网间转换的问题,提出基于消息的UML时序图向Petri网转换的映射算法。以XMI,XPDL,XSLT为核心,建立基于可扩展标记语言（XML）的实现该映射算法的3层转换方案。结合XML应用环境要求,建立映射处理流程,并通过实例对方案可行性进行了验证。     

一种面向对象建模语言UML

本文介绍当今国外最流行而在国内尚未引起足够重视的一种最新的面向对象建模语言ＵＭＬ，指出了ＵＭＬ的主要特点，旨在引进国外先进技术，推动国内软件产业的发展。     

在协议工程中应用统一建模语言UML的方法

协议工程与软件工程有着天然的联系。将软件工程中常用的分析工具，统一建模语言UML，应用于协议工程也是非常自然的事。本文结合对GBN—ARQ协议的UML描叙，给出了用UML描叙协议的一些方法。     

用UML建立工作流管理系统的模型

本文简要介绍了UML和工作流技术，并对工作流管理系统进行了需求分析和领域分析，给出了相应的UML图。     

A domain-specific language for context modeling in context-aware systems

Context-awareness refers to systems that can both sense and react based on their environment. One of the main difficulties that developers of context-aware systems must tackle is how to manage the needed context information. In this paper we present MLContext, a textual Domain-Specific Language (DSL) which is specially tailored for modeling context information. It has been implemented by applying Model-Driven Development (MDD) techniques to automatically generate software artifacts from context models. The MLContext abstract syntax has been defined as a metamodel, and model-to text transformations have been written to generate the desired software artifacts. The concrete syntax has been defined with the EMFText tool, which generates an editor and model injector.     

UML在高校科研管理系统中的应用

分析了统一建模语言（UML）的语言结构及其建模体系。以某高校科研管理系统的开发为例,详细介绍了统一建模语言（UML）各图形之间的内在联系及其在需求分析和系统设计中的应用。     

大型水电仿真系统的模型驱动架构设计

介绍了基于模型驱动架构设计的水电仿真软件开发框架,以UML 作为面向对象建模工具,从更高的抽象层次上构建系统,描述和总结了系统的功能组成、模型结构与层次、模型变换及代码生成,避免传统开发的缺陷,使对系统的建模行为成为软件开发的核心。以吉林丰满水电站为用户案例,对系统进行应用测试,实践验证了该方法的通用性、先进性和可靠性,是一种适合实现水电仿真系统等大规模软件开发的新方法。     

面向并行程序设计的扩展UML建模

为了解决并行软件开发复杂及维护困难的问题,提出一种并行软件建模的方法。利用统一建模语言(UML)的扩展机制建立了一系列模型,描述了分布式共享内存的基本程序结构建模,通过组合这些基本模型,创建新的模型来适应具体应用。该建模方法保留了UML易理解、易扩展和易于指导工程实践的特点,便于从串行建模扩展到并行建模。通过对一个并行应用的描述,表明该方法对实际的并行程序设计具有指导意义。