北京市售大米重金属含量监测及膳食风险评估

监测市售大米重金属含量,为北京市食品安全风险评估提供参考和数据支撑,采集了市售大米样品537件,分析其9种重金属(Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr和Zn)含量。采用内梅罗综合污染指数法评价市售大米的重金属污染水平,采用健康风险评价模型进行食用安全评估。结果如下:大米Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr和Zn含量平均值分别为0.02、0.02、2.27、2.63、9.10、0.15、0.07、0.17和14.27 mg/kg。大米重金属污染程度依次为:PbZnNiCuCdCr,其风险等级依次为:CuZnCdPbCrNi。结果表明,大米重金属的内梅罗综合污染指数较低,表明当前北京市售大米整体状况较好、处于安全水平;大米重金属对儿童的THQ贡献率高于成人,相关部门应加强有毒重金属监督与相应膳食指导。     

A survey of metal contents in some popular brands of wines in the Nigerian market: estimation of dietary intake and target hazard quotients

The concentrations of metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn and Zn) were examined in some popular brands of wine in the Nigerian market after HNO₃/H₂O₂ digestion by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean concentrations (mg/L) of metals in these categories of wines ranged from 0.01 to 0.02, 0.27 to 0.35, 0.10 to 0.12, 0.02 to 0.02, 0.15 to 0.21, 0.09 to 0.10, 3.47 to 4.55, 0.79 to 0.86 and 0.78 to 1.10 for Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn and Zn, respectively. The estimated dietary intakes of metals based on the ingestion of 250?mL/day of these brands of wine were below the specified provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) value for each metal. However, only Pb intake from the consumption of these wines constituted 31–41% of its PTDI value as a single source. The estimated target hazard quotients (THQ) for the metals (except for Pb and Cr) are of concern in that they were above the safe level of THQ?相似文献   

Essential and toxic heavy metals in cereals and agricultural products marketed in Kermanshah,Iran, and human health risk assessment

Levels of some essential and toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, zinc and copper in cereals and agricultural products obtained from the markets in Kermanshah city, west Iran, were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The average concentrations for lead and cadmium in some cereals were higher than the maximum levels set by the Codex Alimentarius. A potential human health risk assessment was conducted by calculating estimated weekly intake (EWI) of the metals from eating cereals and comparison of these values with provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) values. In combination with recent cereal consumption data, the EWIs of heavy metals were calculated for the Kermanshah population. EWI data for the studied metals through cereal consumption were lower than the PTWI values. Cr, Ni, Zn and Cu levels in all samples analysed were within the ranges reported for similar cereals from various parts of the world.     

Combined removal of chlorinated ethenes and heavy metals by zerovalent iron in batch and continuous flow column systems

The combined removal of chlorinated ethenes and heavy metals from a simulated groundwater matrix by zerovalent iron (ZVI) was investigated. In batch, Ni (5-100 mg L(-1)) enhanced trichloroethene (TCE, 10 mg L(-1)) reduction by ZVI (100 g L(-1)) due to catalytic hydrodechlorination by bimetallic Fe0/Ni0. Cr(VI) or Zn (5-100 mg L(-1)) lowered TCE degradation rates by a factor of 2 to 13. Cr(VI) (100 mg L(-1)) in combination with Zn or Ni (50-100 mg L(-1)) inhibited TCE degradation. Addition of 20% H2(g) in the headspace, or of Zn (50-100 mg L(-1)), enhanced TCE removal in the presence of Ni and Cr(VI). Sorption of Zn to ZVI alleviated the Cr(VI) induced inhibition of bimetallic Fe0/Ni0 apparently due to release of protons necessary for TCE hydrodechlorination. In continuous ZVI columns treating tetrachloroethene (PCE, 1-2 mg L(-1)) and TCE (10 mg L(-1)), and a mixture of the metals Cr(VI), Zn(II), and Ni(II) (5 mg (L-1)), the PCE removal efficiency decreased from 100% to 90% in columns operated without heavy metals. The PCE degradation efficiency remained above 99% in columns receiving heavy metals as long as Ni was present. The findings of this study indicate the feasibility and limitations of the combined treatment of mixtures of organic and inorganic pollutants by ZVI.     

Concentrations and bioconcentration factors of minerals in yellow-cracking bolete (xerocomus subtomentosus) mushroom collected in noteć forest, poland

Abstract: Yellow‐cracking Bolete (Xerocomus subtomentosus) mushrooms and soil were collected from Note? Forest–a large forested enclave in western part of Poland. Mercury was determined by cold vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy and the other elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. K, P, and Mg were particularly abundant, with mean values of 46000, 8400, and 1100 mg/kg dry weight (dw) in caps followed by Na, Rb, Zn, and Ca with mean concentrations of 580, 350, 200, and 170 mg/kg dw, respectively. In descending order, the mean concentrations of Fe, Al, Cu, and Mn were 52, 49, 46, and 14 mg/kg dw, while the mean for the remaining elements was around 1.0 mg/kg dw or less. The elements such as Ca, Cu, Hg, K, Mg, Na, P, Rb, Zn, Ag, Cd, and Ni were accumulated (with bioconcentration factor (BCF) > 1), while Al, Ba, Fe, Mn, Sr, Co, Cr, and Pb were excluded (BCF < 1) in the fruiting bodies. The Pb and Cd content did not exceed the maximum levels set by the EU for cultivated mushrooms. Mercury in a conventional meal (300 g) portion of Yellow‐cracking Bolete was far below the provisionally tolerable weekly intake of 0.004 mg/kg body weight (bw) as reevaluated recently by WHO. Practical Application: The method presented in this study allows one to determine the content of 20 elements (Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr, and Zn) in caps and stipes of Yellow‐cracking Bolete (Xerocomus subtomentosus) mushrooms and soil samples collected from Poland. This study has revealed that the total Cd, Hg, and Pb dose provided to human body due to consumption of Yellow‐cracking Bolete does not pose threat to a consumer's health.     

Metal content and distribution in fenugreek cultivated in Pakistan

The metal contents in 42 fenugreek samples, cultivated in various agricultural areas of Pakistan, were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The concentrations of the metals—Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni, Co, Cr, Pb, Zn, Fe, Na and K—were found to be higher than those reported earlier. Particularly, the samples cultivated near the major industrial cities showed significantly higher levels of almost all the metals investigated in this study. The high concentration ranges of toxic metals, such as Cd 1·0–2·8, Pb 2·5–3·4, and Cr 17–19·8 mg kg^?1, in a fairly large number of samples suggest a possible increase of the overall intake of these metals to potentially harmful levels.     

Intra- and interspecific mineral composition variability of commercial instant coffees and coffee substitutes: Contribution to mineral intake

The present paper reports the amount and estimated daily mineral intake of nine elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, P, Fe, Mn, Cr and Ni) in commercial instant coffees and coffee substitutes (n = 49). Elements were quantified by high-resolution continuum source flame (HR-CS-FAAS) and graphite furnace (HR-CS-GFAAS) atomic absorption spectrometry, while phosphorous was evaluated by a standard vanadomolybdophosphoric acid colorimetric method.Instant coffees and coffee substitutes are rich in K, Mg and P (>100 mg/100 g dw), contain Na, Ca and Fe in moderate amounts (>1 mg/100 g), and trace levels of Cr and Ni. Among the samples analysed, plain instant coffees are richer in minerals (p < 0.001), except for Na and Cr. Blends of coffee substitutes (barley, malt, chicory and rye) with coffee (20–66%) present intermediate amounts, while lower quantities are found in substitutes without coffee, particularly in barley.From a nutritional point of view the results indicate that the mean ingestion of two instant beverages per day (total of 4 g instant powder), either with or without coffee, cannot be regarded as important sources of minerals to the human diet, although providing a supplementation of some minerals, particularly Mg and Mn in instant coffees. Additionally, and for authentication purposes, the correlations observed between some elements and the coffee percentage in the blends, with particular significance for Mg amounts, provides a potential tool for the estimation of coffee in substitute blends.     

Fatty Acid Profile and Selected Chemical Contaminants in Yellowfin Tuna From the Arabian Sea

Fresh yellowfin tuna (n = 110) collected for a period of one year was analyzed for chemical composition, fatty acids, nutrients, and toxic metals. The mean values of investigated minerals were 892, 2834, 0.81, 6.61, 0.38, 11.0, 0.94, 0.59, 0.71, 0.53, and 0.29 mg kg^–1 for Na, K, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Sr, and V, respectively. Average Cd, Pb and Hg levels were 0.016, 0.029 and 0.137 mg kg^?1, respectively. The average concentrations of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 196.56, 84.8, and 218 mg 100g^–1, respectively. Yellowfin tuna contained higher DHA (148.2 mg 100g^–1) than EPA (29.3 mg 100 g^–1). A meal with 100 g of this species provides 48.6 and 71.05% of the required daily level of protein and EPA+DHA, respectively. Yellowfin tuna showed low thrombogenic (0.27) and atherogenic (0.43) potential and the value obtained for h/H index (1.97) indicates that regular intake of yellowfin tuna may bring hypocholesterolemic effect. All contaminants in the studied fish were either undetectable or present at very low levels when compared to the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), and European Union regulatory standards and yellowfin tuna would be one of the best options for people who frequently consume tuna fish to get sufficient EPA+DHA and essential elements.     

Trace metal concentrations in distilled alcoholic beverages and liquors in Nigeria

The concentrations of 12 metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ca, Mg and K) in 13 classes of alcoholic beverages were determined by atomic spectrometry after HNO₃/H₂O₂ digestion. The mean concentrations of metals (µg mL^?1) in these alcoholic beverages varied in the ranges 0.01–0.04, 0.02–0.24, 0.04–0.13, 0.01–0.28, 0.01–0.77, <0.001–0.12, 0.28–1.48, 0.004–0.33, 0.10–1.02, 1.43–162.86, 0.26–25.46 and 0.49–322.58 for Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ca, Mg and K respectively. The concentrations of metals found in these particular alcoholic beverages were below the International Statutory Limits for metals in alcoholic beverages. The estimated daily intake of the metals based on a per capita consumption of 3.6 L per annum pure alcohol was <3% of the tolerable daily intake of each metal. The individual and combined target hazard quotients of the metals were <1, indicating no long‐term health concerns from the consumption of these alcoholic beverages based on their metal content alone. Copyright © 2014 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

Elemental Content and Total Antioxidant Activity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salvia fruticosa</Emphasis>

The determination of 18 elements (V, Cr, Cu, Co, Se, Sr, Sn, Sb, Ba, Bi, Pb, Cd, As, Ni, Mn, Fe, Mg and Zn) in leaves, flowers and the infusion from Salvia fruticosa, a sage grown in Greece, is described. For this purpose, flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been used for the determination of Fe, Mg, Zn and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry has been used for the determination of V, Cr, Cu, Co, Se, Sr, Sn, Sb, Ba, Bi, Pb, Cd, As, Ni, Mn using ⁴⁵Sc ⁷²Ge, ¹¹⁵In and ²³²Th as internal standards. The elemental content was found to be in the range of 0.01 (Bi)-30.8 (Mn) mg/Kg (leaves), 0.30 (Bi)-39.1 (Mn) mg/Kg (flowers), 0.003 (Sb)-20.4 (Mn) mg/Kg (infusion) for V, Cr, Cu, Co, Se, Sr, Sn, Sb, Ba, Bi, Pb, Cd, As, Ni, Mn and in the range of 0.07 (Zn)-3.21 (Mg) g/kg (leaves) for Fe, Mg and Zn. The majority of the samples were collected from six sites in the island Crete and transplanted and grown in a model farm. Chemometric techniques were used to investigate the original site classification according to their elemental content, and it was proved that the initial cultivation sites were characterized by only five elements (Sb, V, Zn, Cd and Cr). The application of factor analysis revealed significant correlation between certain elements, denoting their common sources. In addition, the total antioxidant activity of the herbal preparation was determined by measuring the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was used to extract total antioxidants and the effect of temperature, time and solvent in the extraction efficiency was investigated. The determination of the antioxidant activity was based on the % inhibition of the absorbance signal of the radical DPPH at 515 nm, after the addition of herbal’s extract. The IC₅₀ values were found to be in the range of 10.6–40.1 mg/L.     

Risk ranking of bioaccessible metals from fly ash dissolved in simulated lung and gut fluids

Power plant fly ash from two fuels, coal and a mixture of coal and shredded tires, were evaluated for trace metal solubility in simulated human lung and gut fluids (SLF and SGF, respectively) to estimate bioaccessibility. The proportion of bioaccessible to total metal ranged from zero (V) to 80% (Zn) for coal-derived ash in SLF and from 2 (Th) to 100% (Cu) for tire-derived fly ash in SGF. The tire-derived ash contained much more Zn. However, Zn ranked only 5th of the various toxic metals in SGF compared with international regulations for ingestion. On the basis of total concentrations, the metals closestto exceeding limits based on international regulations for inhalation were Cr, Pb, and Al. On dissolution in SLF, the most limiting metals were Pb, Cu, and Zn. For metals exposed to SGF there was no relative change in the top metal, Al, before and after dissolution but the second-ranked metal shifted from Pb to Ni. In most cases only a proportion of the total metal concentrations in either fly ash was soluble, and hence bioaccessible, in either biofluid. When considering the regulatory limits for inhalation of particulates, none of the metal concentrations measured were as hazardous as the fly ash particulates themselves. However, on the basis of the international ingestion regulations for Al, the maximum mass of fly ash that could be ingested is only 1 mg per day (10 mg based on bioaccessibility). It is possible that such a small mass could be consumed by exposed individuals or groups.     

Metal profile of traditional alcoholic beverages prepared by the ethnic communities of Assam,India

The rice‐based traditional alcoholic beverages prepared by the ethnic communities, viz., Deori, Mising and Ahom communities of Sivasagar district of Assam, India are known as Sujen, Apong and Xajpani , respectively. The concentrations of Na, K, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in these traditional drinks have been determined with a view to making the general public aware of the average daily intake of these metals from the consumption of these rice beers. The metal contents were estimated using atomic spectrometry after digesting the samples with nitric acid and sulphuric acid. The mean concentrations of the metals (mg/L) in the samples were: 20–60 for Na; 300–460 for K; 0.011–0.325 for Mn; 0.709–4.15 for Fe; 0.13–0.313 for Co; 0.28–0.554 for Ni; 0.008–0.074 for Cu; 0.674–3.968 for Zn; 0.02–0.05 for Cd; and 0.48–1.13 for Pb. The presence of Cr could not be detected. Based on the results, traditional alcoholic beverages consumed by the ethnic communities of Assam, India, can be considered safe and can be used as a supplement of essential nutrients such as potassium, iron, manganese and zinc. The metal contents of these rice beers have been compared with those of wheat and barley beers. Copyright © 2017 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

海州湾养殖文蛤体内不同组织的重金属富集特性及其食用安全评价

测定海州湾养殖池塘成体文蛤体内肝胰腺、鳃、外套膜、足和闭壳肌5 个干质量组织中Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Cu 和Zn 这6 种重金属的含量。结果表明文蛤5 组织中闭壳肌和肝胰腺是重金属选择性富集的主要器官。Cr、Pb、Ni 在5 种组织中以闭壳肌的含量最高,分别高达58.981、4.298、10.873μg/g,与其余组织均有显著差异(P ＜ 0.05);而Cu 和Zn 则以闭壳肌的含量最低,分别为0.844、58.076μg/g,而肝胰腺中含量最高,分别达17.776、173.147μg/g,差异显著(P ＜ 0.05);相反,Cd 和Ni 则在肝胰腺中含量最低(0.140、4.807μg/g),与其余组织显著差异(P ＜ 0.05)。6 种重金属中,Zn 在5 种组织中的含量最高(173.147~58.076μg/g),Cd 的含量最低(0.140～0.336μg/g),Pb 次之(1.549～4.298μg/g)。文蛤5 组织中闭壳肌是主要的受污染组织,Cr、Ni 和Pb 的污染指数间于1.52～6.40,而足的污染最小,6 种重金属仅Ni 超标,其余污染指数为0.01～0.96;6 种重金属中Ni 的污染最严重,5组织均超标,污染指数P 间于2.77～6.40,而毒性较强的Cd 以及Cu 在5 组织中均未超标。     

Heavy metal content in different types of smoked meat in Serbia

Concentrations of Fe, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Mn, Zn and Cd in pork, beef, turkey and chicken samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The mean concentration ranges in milligrams per 100?g of the studied metals in all samples were 0.6924–1.2154 for Fe, 0.6492–0.9831 for Cu, 0.0012–0.0027 for Pb, 0.041–0.0510 for Ni, 0.1186–0.1481 for Mn, 0.7257–5.2726 for Zn and 0.0042–0.0050 for Cd. The levels of analysed elements were in accordance with European standards for all metals except for manganese in all samples and for nickel in a certain number of samples. Zn level in beef was significantly higher compared to other samples, and Pb and Cd were found in concentrations well below the recommended daily intake.     

绿豆、红小豆和黑豆种皮18 种元素分析

为全面了解绿豆皮、红小豆皮和黑豆皮的18 种元素含量,充分开发利用豆皮资源,提高豆类加工产品
的附加值,用元素分析（elemental analyzer,EA）仪和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（inductively coupled plasmaatomic
emission spectrometer,ICP-AES）仪测定了3 种豆皮的N、C、S、Ca、Mg、K、P、Na、B、Ba、Co、
Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Zn和Sr元素含量。结果表明,EA仪测定豆皮中N、C和S方法检出限为32～96 μg/g,回收
率为97%～115%,相对标准偏差为0.20%～2.63%（n=5）;ICP-AES测定豆皮中Ca、Mg、K、P、Na、B、Ba、
Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Zn和Sr元素方法检出限为0.02～152 μg/g,回收率为84%～118%,相对标准偏差为
0.44%～4.46%（n=5）。黄豆标准物N、Mg、P、B、Ba、Co、Cr、Mn、Ni、Zn和Sr元素测定值在推荐范围内,
S、Ca、K、Na、Cu和Fe元素测定值接近推荐值。分析方法快速、简便,达到了应用的要求。     

马铃薯及耕地土壤重金属含量的测定及健康风险评价

目的 对青海大学农林科学院试验田马铃薯和其根系土壤中镉、铬、铜、铅、镍、锌的含量进行检测及评价。方法 使用石墨消解仪对样品进行前处理, 使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定马铃薯和土壤中的Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni和Zn等6种重金属含量; 采用单因子指数法和内梅罗综合指数法对重金属污染程度进行分析评价; 采用目标危险系数法(target hazard quotient/total target hazard quotient, THQ/TTHQ)对马铃薯进行单一及复合重金属摄入健康风险评价。结果 该研究区土壤中6种重金属单项污染指数均小于1, 综合污染指数小于0.7, 未对土壤造成污染, 马铃薯中除了Cu和Zn污染处于安全水平, Cr和Ni污染达到轻污染水平, Cd和Pb污染达到重污染水平 , 根据富集系数(bio-concentration factor, BCF ) 发现马铃薯对Cd和Pb有一定的富集能力; 成人和儿童因食用马铃薯而摄入重金属Cu、Ni和Zn的单一健康风险指数和复合健康风险指数均大于1, 对儿童和成人存在健康风险。结论 该研究区土壤中重金属污染程度较低, 而马铃薯中重金属的残留对人体健康存在隐患。     

Trace metal concentrations in Mediterranean blue mussel and surface sediments and evaluation of the mussels quality and possible risks of high human consumption

The concentrations of trace metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu, Co and Cr) were determined for the first time in Mediterranean blue mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and surface sediments. The mussel and sediment samples were collected from five sites on the Montenegrin coastal area (southeastern Adriatic Sea) in the fall of 2005 and 2006. The collected samples were digested with a microwave digestion system. The maximum Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu, Co and Cr mean concentrations in the mussel samples were 603.0, 345.0, 85.0, 18.9, 17.2, 9.1 and 4.2 mg/kg of sample dry weight, respectively. The maximum Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu and Co concentrations in the sediment samples were 40867, 943.0, 382.0, 336.0, 67.2, 24.8 and 16.9 mg/kg of sample dry weight, respectively. A correlation between the metal levels found in the mussel soft tissues with those found in sediments, for both 2005 and 2006, could be established, except for the levels of Zn observed.     

Characteristics of metals in nano/ultrafine/fine/coarse particles collected beside a heavily trafficked road

Fine particles emitted from vehicles have adverse health effects because of their sizes and chemical compositions. Therefore, this study attempted to characterize the metals in nano (0.010 < Dp < 0.056 microm), ultrafine (Dp < 0.1 microm), fine (Dp < 2.5 microm), and coarse (2.5 < Dp < 10 microm) particles collected near a busy road using a microorifice uniform deposition impactor (MOUDI) and a Nano-MOUDI. The nano particles were found to contain more of traffic-related metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ba, and Ni) than particles of other sizes, although crustal metals accounted for over 90% of all the particulate metals. Most crustal metals, Ba, Ni, Pb, and Zn in ultrafine particles displayed Aitken modes due to their local origins. The Ag, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn were 37, 50, 28, 30, 24, 64, 38, and 22% by mass, respectively, in < 0.1-microm particles, with submicron mass median diameters (MMDs) in PM(0.01-18) (except Zn) (particularly the < 0.1-microm MMDs for Cd and Sb). These levels raise potential health issues. Particle-bound Zn was more abundant in the accumulation mode than in the nucleation/condensation mode, but the opposite was true for Ag, Cd, and Sb. The Ag, Ba, Cd, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn contents in nano particles were strongly associated with diesel fuel, while the Cu, Mn, and Sr in particles < 0.1 microm were more strongly associated with gasoline. The high content of Si in nano particles, more associated with diesel soot than with gasoline exhaust, is another health concern.     

Minor and trace elements in different honey types produced in Siena County (Italy)

The concentrations of 23 chemical elements (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Th, Tl, U, Zn) were determined in 51 honey samples of different botanical origin produced in Siena County (Italy). K, Ca, Na and Mg were the most abundant elements, with mean contents of 1195, 257, 96.6 and 56.7 mg/kg, respectively. The Fe, Zn and Sr contents generally ranged from 1 to 5 mg/kg. Except for Ba, Cu, Mn and Ni, the trace element contents were below 100 μg/kg. The analytical data indicated a good level of quality of the honeys, especially with regard to the concentrations of toxic trace elements, such as As, Cd, Pb and Sb, and suggested a significant influence of the botanical origin on the element composition. Some local geological and geochemical features also seemed to affect the chemistry of the honey.     

新疆岩蜥和塔里木岩蜥全体、肌肉与皮肤中18种元素分析比较

采用原子吸收分光光度计测定了新疆岩蜥(Laudakia stoliczkana Blanford)和塔里木岩蜥(Laudakia tarimensis Zugmayer)全体、肌肉与皮肤中的K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Sr、Cu、Mo、Cr、Ba、Co、V、Pb、Cd、Ni及Be18种元素的含量。结果表明,这两种岩蜥的常量元素和微量元素含量都比较丰富,其中K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe、Zn、Sr、Mn、Cr、Br、Cu、Co、Mo含量比较高,而有毒元素Al、Pb、Ni和Cd的含量甚低。在这两种岩蜥全体、肌肉与皮肤三种样品中全体样品元素含量最高,但各元素含量的差异不明显。对两种岩蜥体内人体必需而具有抗癌作用的Fe、Zn、Sr、Mn等微量元素含量进行比较发现,新疆岩蜥分别为168.36、94.14、78.12、44.28μg/g,塔里木岩蜥分别为338.22、183.16、88.44、32.46μg/g。塔里木岩蜥中的Fe、Zn、Sr含量高于新疆岩蜥,而新疆岩蜥的Mn含量高于塔里木岩蜥。新疆岩蜥和塔里木岩蜥作为中药及维吾尔医药具有较高的药用价值及应用前景,并讨论了这些元素与其药用机理的关系,为这两种药用岩蜥的进一步研究及其开发利用提供科学依据。