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针对海底管道铺设施工过程中的施工方法、采用的焊接技术、执行的相关焊接技术标准以及国内外铺管船的能力等进行了介绍,并针对海底管道施工技术的发展趋势提出了几点对策和建议。 相似文献
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受制于施工工艺,海底管道在海上铺管施工过程中,通常都要受到几十乃至几百吨的轴向张力的作用,同时,还要承受大的弯曲变形的作用。如果配重层与防腐蚀层之间的剪切应力传递能力不够大,那么就很容易出现防腐海底管道配重层滑脱的问题。分析了海底管道配重层常用的防滑工艺,针对一海底管道项目施工的工程实例,就海底管道配重层防滑施工改进技术进行了深入的研究。试验结果表明,在防滑施工改进之后,试验荷载的值即便达到了805.6kN,防腐蚀层与混凝土层之间也没有发生任何的位移,实际剪切强度为0.24MPa,远远高出设计和工程的要求。 相似文献
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胜利海洋采油厂在海上布置有大量导管架采油平台,从2008年开始已有数十座平台陆续达到设计使用寿命。文中阐述了我国浅海区域导管架采油平台延寿管理的难点,从海上生产企业的角度出发,提出了基于风险的系统性解决思路,并借鉴机械完整性方法,规划了导管架平台延期服役管理框架与后续工作。 相似文献
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随着我国石油行业水平的不断提高,滩海海底管道工程在滩海石油管道建设领域开始慢慢占据主导地位。近两年来,大港油田工程建设公司采用浮游施工方法已参与建设了两条海底管道工程——埕海油田和冀东油田海底管道工程。本文重点介绍了我公司在这两条海底管道工程中采用的先进焊接技术、焊接工艺,以及海上焊接质量的控制。 相似文献
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管道成本低、可靠性强,在油气输送中具有较大的优势。长输油气管道承担着油气运输的重要任务,但由于我国管道业发展较晚,在管理中未从完整性层面实现安全管理,想要解决长输油气管道的安全问题,就需要从技术层面加以创新,转变管理理念,改革管理模式,管道完整性管理的变革已经成为必然。完整性管理涉及风险评价、维护、数据收集等多项活动,皆需相应的管理技术支撑,而我国的管道完整性管理与发达国家仍有较大差距,因此,应结合实际情况,制定相应的完整性管理计划,分段实施管道完整性管理,实现完整性管理技术的最大价值,改善管道建设与管理现状,有效预防风险、降低风险,保证管道的安全运输。 相似文献
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本文介绍了漏磁内检测技术原理,通过牵拉试验,总结得出盗油孔的Y轴漏磁信号特征呈“M”型,并成功将其应用于某成品油管道盗油孔排查中。开挖验证结果表明,漏磁内检测技术不仅可以准确找到盗油孔的位置,而且还可以准确给出盗油孔尺寸和钟点方向,这种手段能够使管道的运营商及时对安全生产的重大隐患进行消除,并且使管道完整性的管理水平有所提高。 相似文献
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为了进一步提高教学效果,在概括机械制造技术课程各类教学方法改革的基础上,提出在该课程的教学过程中采用问题引导教学法.介绍了问题引导法的基本内涵和应用现状,结合具体教学内容阐述了问题引导法的实施步骤,以及实施过程中的注意事项.实施问题引导教学法可以很好地吸引学生的注意力,提高学生的听课兴趣. 相似文献
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RéMY GAUTHIER HéLèNE FOLLET ANA-MARIA TRUNFIO-SFARGHIU DELPHINE FARLAY NINA ATTIK SYLVAIN MEILLE JéRôME CHEVALIER DAVID MITTON 《Biocell》2022,46(10):2209-2216
To develop durable bone healing strategies through improved control of bone repair, it is of critical importance to understand the mechanisms of bone mechanical integrity when in contact with biomaterials and implants. Bone mechanical integrity is defined here as the adaptation of structural properties of remodeled bone in regard to an applied mechanical loading. Accordingly, the authors present why future investigations in bone repair and regeneration should emphasize on the matrix surrounding the osteocytes. Osteocytes are mechanosensitive cells considered as the orchestrators of bone remodeling, which is the biological process involved in bone homeostasis. These bone cells are trapped in an interconnected porous network, the lacunocanalicular network, which is embedded in a bone mineralized extracellular matrix. As a consequence of an applied mechanical loading, the bone deformation results in the deformation of this lacunocanalicular network inducing a shift in interstitial fluid pressure and velocity, thus resulting in osteocyte stimulation. The material environment surrounding each osteocyte, the so called perilacunar and pericellular matrices properties, define its mechanosensitivity. While this mechanical stimulation pathway is well known, the laws used to predict bone remodeling are based on strains developing at a tissue scale, suggesting that these strains are related to the shift in fluid pressure and velocity at the lacunocanalicular scale. While this relationship has been validated through observation in healthy bone, the fluid behavior at the bone-implant interface is more complex. The presence of the implant modifies fluid behavior, so that for the same strain at a tissue scale, the shift in fluid pressure and velocity will be different than in a healthy bone tissue. In that context, new markers for bone mechanical integrity, considering fluid behavior, have to be defined. The viewpoint exposed by the authors indicates that the properties of the pericellular and the perilacunar matrices have to be systematically investigated and used as structural markers of fluid behavior in the course of bone biomaterial development. 相似文献
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To create a dynamic model of a pipeline system effectively and analyze its vibration characteristics, the mechanical characteristic parameters of the pipeline hoop, such as support stiffness and damping under dynamic load, must be obtained. In this study, an inverse method was developed by utilizing measured vibration data to identify the support stiffness and damping of a hoop. The procedure of identifying such parameters was described based on the measured natural frequencies and amplitudes of the frequency response functions (FRFs) of a pipeline system supported by two hoops. A dynamic model of the pipe-hoop system was built with the finite element method, and the formulas for solving the FRF of the pipeline system were provided. On the premise of selecting initial values reasonably, an inverse identification algorithm based on sensitivity analysis was proposed. A case study was performed, and the mechanical parameters of the hoop were identified using the proposed method. After introducing the identified values into the analysis model, the reliability of the identification results was validated by comparing the predicted and measured FRFs of the pipeline. Then, the developed method was used to identify the support stiffness and damping of the pipeline hoop under different preloads of the bolts. The influence of preload was also discussed. Results indicated that the support stiffness and damping of the hoop exhibited frequency-dependent characteristics. When the preloads of the bolts increased, the support stiffness increased, whereas the support damping decreased. 相似文献
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随着人们对食品包装的安全提出了更高的要求,高效、安全、卫生的自动化食品包装机械应运而生。对我国食品包装领域机械自动化的应用现状进行了分析,并通过与发达国家进行对比研究,指出我国机械自动化助推食品包装行业发展的未来之路。 相似文献
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在大型全焊接管线球阀国产化中,运用现代先进设计技术和制造技术,加快了国产化的进程,增强了创新能力.为传统阀门产品结构调整以及阀门制造业的改造提供了好的措施. 相似文献
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长输油气管道在油气能源运输中发挥着关键作用,被称为"能源血脉"。为保证管道的安全有效运行,应定期对管道进行检测。管道漏磁内检测技术是目前国内外长输油气管道内检测领域普遍应用的检测技术,该技术以管道管体已形成的体积缺陷为检测目的,可以准确检测出缺陷面积、程度、方位等信息。对油气管道漏磁内检测技术原理和影响因素等进行归纳总结,阐述了管道漏磁内检测中轴向励磁和周向励磁等关键技术的国内外研究现状,对国内外漏磁内检测器的检测能力进行对比,介绍了漏磁信号的处理方法及管道的完整性评价技术,最后提出了管道漏磁内检测行业的未来展望。 相似文献
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结合高频信号测试仪使用环境的特点及要求,分析了影响高速数据采集电路信号完整性的主要因素,针对高频信号的反射和串扰,分别从多层PCB板的层叠设计,差分信号传输线蛇形布线,添加阻抗匹配网络几方面进行了信号完整性设计。建立差分信号传输线拓扑网络的模型并通过仿真确定了阻抗匹配网络的结构和参数,减小了由于传输线阻抗失配引起的信号反射与串扰;对电源完整性进行分析,通过内电层分割和滤波电容网络减小了电路中的地弹现象,从而降低了测试仪的系统噪声。最后通过模拟环境下的实验验证了高速数据采集电路的信号完整性分析,实验结果表明通过信号完整性设计提高了测试仪的抗干扰能力,所采集的数据可靠有效。 相似文献