低不饱和度聚醚多元醇伯羟基含量的提高

首先采用自制的双金属氰化物络合催化剂，制备了低不饱和度、高相对分子质量聚氧化丙烯多元醇，然后与用传统碱催化制备的未经后处理的聚醚多元醇按一定比例混合，用环氧乙烷封端，经精制，得到高活性聚醚多元醇。所得聚醚二醇及聚醚三醇的不饱和度小于0.010mmol/g，伯羟基摩尔分数大于65%。     

新型低不饱和度聚醚多元醇的制备及应用

详细介绍了用CsOH催化剂制备低不饱和度聚醚多元醇的工艺,同时介绍了这种新型低不饱和度聚醚多元醇在聚氨酯等领域中的应用情况。     

DMC催化剂和生产低不饱和度聚醚的研究进展

介绍了使用DMC催化剂生产低不饱和度聚醚时存在的问题。采用真空汽提/惰性气体吹扫相结合的方法处理催化剂、起始剂混合物,采用全氟烷基磺酸金属盐作催化剂合成低相对分子质量聚醚多元醇起始剂,使用含酮配位体的DMC催化剂、向反应釜内连续添加低分子多元醇起始剂和催化剂等方法是缩短诱导期、降低极高相对分子质量聚醚多元醇含量之有效途径,也可提高反应器的生产效率。     

低不饱和度聚醚多元醇及其催化剂的制备工艺

论述了低不饱和度高分子量聚醚多元醇的特性,对双金属氰化物络合物（DMC）催化剂的类型及其制备方法、低不饱和度聚醚多元醇的制备技术进行了介绍。     

低单官能度高分子量聚醚多元醇的制备

使用双金属氰化物络合催化剂,制备了分子量高、分子量分布窄、不饱和度低的低单官能度聚醚多元醇。重点讨论了催化剂、溶剂、反应压力对聚醚多元醇质量的影响。     

低不饱和度聚醚多元醇

<正> 聚醚多元醇分子中的醚键易旋转,可赋予所得聚氨酯制品优良的柔韧性、低温性和耐水解性,其耐候性和耐霉菌性也优于聚酯多元醇。聚氧化丙烯多元醇分子中含有较多的侧甲基,又能提高制品的回弹性。因此,世界聚氨酯制品所用低聚物多元醇原料中,约3/4为聚醚多元醇,尤以低价的聚氧化丙烯多元醇更多。 1 概况几十年来,聚氨酯工业用聚氧化丙烯多元醇的生产均用氢氧化钾作催化剂,但在催化开环聚合过程中易发生副反应,生成醇盐;继而与多羟基起始剂     

聚醚多元醇低不饱和度的意义及分析检验

本文叙述了聚醚多元醇不饱和度的产生,低不饱和度聚醚多元醇的相对分子质量高、相对分子质量分布窄,聚醚多元醇不饱和度测定的意义及方法。     

一种低不饱和度高活性聚醚多元醇的合成

研究了采用再催化法及自制的低不饱和度端仲羟基聚醚二醇(Mn=1 700)与环氧乙烷(EO)的封端反应,确定了合适的再催化反应催化剂为甲醇钾,其用量为起始聚醚质量的1%。分别采用A法(中和–吸附法)和B法(吸附剂法)对粗低不饱和度高活性聚醚多元醇进行后处理,确定该聚醚的精致工艺。合成的聚醚T220E的环氧乙烷封端含量为聚醚总质量的15%,该聚醚具有不饱和度低、活性高等优点,能用于聚氨酯胶黏剂及弹性体的生产。     

一种新型软泡聚醚多元醇的研制

在碱性催化剂作用下,甘油与环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷进行混聚成粗聚醚多元醇,经中和、干燥、过滤得到软泡聚醚多元醇。该聚醚多元醇的质量指标为羟值54～58mg/g,粘度400～600mPa.s,酸值0.05mg/g,pH值5～7。     

低不饱和度超高分子量聚醚多元醇的合成研究

以聚醚二醇为起始剂,环氧丙烷(PO)为主原料,使用双金属络合催化剂(DMC)合成低不饱和度相对分子质量约为12 000的聚醚二醇。讨论了起始剂分子量、DMC含量、PO加料速率、搅拌转速及反应温度对制得聚醚的黏度、不饱和度和分子量分布的影响。结果表明,以DDL-6000D为起始剂、DMC质量分数为50×10~(-6)、PO加料速率3.96～4.37 mol/(L·h)、搅拌转速300 r/min、反应温度(145±5)℃时,可制得黏度低、不饱和度低、分子量分布指数小的聚醚产品。     

不同合成工艺的聚醚多元醇对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响

分别采用低不饱和度聚醚多元醇DL-1000D和氧氧化钾体系聚醚多元醇DL-1000与TDI-80反应合成出聚氨酯预聚体,比较了2种不同聚醚多元醇合成预聚体的工艺性能、预聚体的稳定性和由它们合成聚氨酯弹性体制品的力学性能和耐磨性能。结果表明,二者的丁艺性能和稳定性相当,采用前者合成的聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能比后者高10％左右,耐磨性能按阿克隆磨耗测试提高17．6％。     

原材料对聚氨酯硬泡抗压性能的影响

以环氧丙烷聚醚多元醇、苯酐聚酯多元醇、多苯基甲烷多异氰酸酯PM-200、发泡剂一氟二氯乙烷(HCFC-141b)、泡沫稳定剂硅油AK-8801等为主要原料,采用一步法合成了聚氨酯硬泡,考察了不同种类多元醇及其配比、发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂种类及用量等对聚氨酯硬泡抗压性能的影响。结果表明:高羟值、高官能度的环氧丙烷聚醚多元醇可提高泡沫的压缩强度,且当环氧丙烷聚醚多元醇4110为100份,并加入20份左右苯酐聚酯多元醇580及10份左右聚醚403,泡沫稳定剂用量1～2份,发泡剂水用量0.5～1份,HCFC-141b用量30～35份,催化剂用量0.5～1.5份时,所得聚氨酯硬泡性能较好。     

高相对分子质量低不饱和度聚醚多元醇技术进展

阐述了传统聚醚多元醇的技术进展、合成高相对分子质量低不饱和度聚醚多元醇的催化体系及研究进展，对高相对分子质量低不饱和度聚醚多元醇在聚氨酯泡沫、弹性体和密封胶中的应用进行概述，并就其未来发展提出建议。     

苯酐聚酯多元醇制备高强度聚氨酯胶粘剂

用苯酐聚酯多元醇制备了双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂,其中A组分为含苯酐聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇的含羟基组分．B组分为含PADI的固化剂。分别讨论了不同羟值和官能度的苯酐聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇的选择及重钙添加量对性能的影响,得到最优化的配方。测试了双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂主要性能。结果显示,制备的双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂具有操作方便、适用期长、粘接强度高、抗冲击性能好等特点,可以满足金属与金属、金属与塑料等结构粘接的要求。     

新型高分子量聚醚

介绍了用于软泡、高回弹泡沫和弹性体的各种高分子量聚醚。详细介绍了阿科（Ａｒｃｏ）公司最新开发的Ａｃｃｌａｉｍ聚醚它具有极低的不饱和度和很高的相对分子质量，用于制备ＭＤＩ／丁二醇型浇注聚氨酯弹性体，加工性和机械性能均获明显改善。     

Polymerization of propylene oxide by using double metal cyanide catalysts and the application to polyurethane elastomer

Polymerizations of propylene oxide have been carried out by using double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts based on Zn₃[Co(CN)₆]₂. By controlling the type and the amount of complexing agent during preparation of catalyst the catalytic activity, initiation time, and the unsaturation level in polyether polyols could be tuned. Various catalysts prepared by changing the complexing and co-complexing agents were characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. Highly active catalyst prepared by choosing a polytetramethylene ether glycol as a co-complexing agent resulted in polyoxypropylenes (POP) with low very low unsaturation level (0.003-0.006 meq/g) and with narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD=1.02-1.04). The active sites of DMC-catalyzed polymerization of propylene oxide have both cationic and coordinative characters. ¹³C NMR analysis showed that the polyols have a random distribution of the configurational sequences and head-to-tail regiosequence, even if the amount of [rr] triad of polyol produced by DMC catalyst was larger than that of polyol by conventional KOH catalyst. The distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer analysis showed that there exist regioirregular sequences as well. The stress-strain curves of methylene diisocyanate/1,4-butanediol cured POP-based polyurethane elastomers showed that the unsaturation content contained in POP showed a dramatic effect on the mechanical properties.     

高活性自催化聚醚多元醇的应用研究

将高活性自催化聚醚多元醇应用于高回弹泡沫中,通过发泡实验确定了其自催化活性及与胺类催化剂配合使用时的最佳配比;该聚醚多元醇用于TM体系也可起到催化作用。同时,与用普通聚醚多元醇制得的泡沫相比,用该聚醚多元醇制得的泡沫VOC值明显降低。     

Noncatalytic polymerization of ethylene glycol and epoxy molecules for rigid polyurethane foam applications

The study investigated an approach to incorporate modified epoxidized soy‐based vegetable oil polyol as a replacement for petroleum‐based polyether polyol and to substantially reduce the isocyanate loading in the rigid foam formulation. Noncatalytic polymerization of epoxidized bodied soybean oil and ethylene glycol (EG) was carried out in a closed batch reaction. Cleavage of the oxirane rings and hydroxyl group attachment at optimum conditions provided the desired polyol products. The polyols were characterized based on its hydroxyl numbers, acidity, viscosity, iodine number, and Gardner color index for quality purposes. Reactions of oxirane ring and EG were verified by spectroscopic FTIR. Crosslinking performance was evaluated by extractability analysis on the polyurethane (PU) elastomer wafers. Rigid foaming performed at 50 and 75% petroleum‐based polyether polyol replacements have shown excellent thermoinsulating and mechanical properties compared with epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) alone or petroleum‐based polyether polyol alone. A reduction of up to 8% of the polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate was achieved using the synthesized ESBO‐EG‐based polyols. A higher average functionality polyol is key component to the reduction of isocyanate in PU synthesis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Synthesis of polyether polyols with epoxidized soy bean oil

Epoxidized soy bean oil (ESBO) polyether polyols have been prepared and evaluated as potential bio-renewable replacements for bisphenol A based epoxy coatings. Zinc triflate was found to be more efficient in catalyzing the ESBO hydroxyl reaction than methanesulfonic acid or boron trifluoride etherate. With an excess of n-butanol, ESBO epoxide groups ring open to give the expected polyether polyol, but as the n-butanol concentration is reduced, dimers, trimers, and higher molecular weight analogs of the triglycerides appear. Weight average molecular weight can be increased in a controlled fashion to over 10,000 Da by using trimethylolpropane (TMP) in place of n-butanol. The addition of solvent reduces molecular weight of the polyether polyol, at an equivalent TMP level while still allowing good reaction control. These polyether polyols can be cured with phenolic resins, but solvent and blush resistance, adhesion, and wedge bend flexibility are inferior to a commercial bisphenol A epoxy control.